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All Journal Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Jurnal Medik Veteriner Jurnal Kreativitas PKM Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Wardhani, Bantari Wisynu Kusuma
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Chemical Properties, Biological Activities and Poisoning Treatment of Novichok: A Review Rahmania, Tesia Aisyah; Wardhani, Bantari Wisynu Kusuma; Renesteen, Editha; Harahap, Yahdiana
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 8, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Novichok is an organophosphate compound found as a nerve agent chemical weapon. However, the information about its chemical properties, biological activities, and molecular interactions in the body are still protected under the “top secret” security clearance. Novichok, with the codes A230, A232 and A234, is a compound whose structure has been successfully determined. The compound is synthesized from a precursor through a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Novichok agents are considered more potent than VX gas and can be applied in unitary and binary forms. This compound has ability for the binding with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) due to inability of acetylcholine metabolism. AChE catalyzes the rapid hydrolysis of acetylcholine to acetate and choline. The treatment of Novichok agent poisoning is similar to management of other nerve agents, such as atropine and pralidoxime administered intravenously. In this paper, we reviewed the Novichok component from chemical and biological perspective. Moreover, we discussed the potential molecular interaction and treatment of this compound.
Penguatan Program Promotif dan Preventif melalui Skrining Tekanan Darah, Gula Darah Sewaktu, dan Saturasi Oksigen Permana, Yandi; Wardhani, Bantari Wisynu Kusuma; Azhar, Muhammad; Khalisa, Andi Thafida; Renesteen, Editha; Subiyakto, Yuli
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Volume 8 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v8i1.18311

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penyakit tidak menular seperti obesitas, hipertensi, dan diabetes mellitus menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia, yang memerlukan deteksi dini dan intervensi tepat waktu. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran indeks massa tubuh (IMT), saturasi oksigen, tekanan darah, dan kadar gula darah sewaktu (GDS) di Desa C. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 50 responden. Pengukuran IMT, saturasi oksigen, tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, serta GDS dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi risiko penyakit tidak menular. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 56% responden berada dalam kategori obesitas, 26% tergolong overweight, dan 18% memiliki IMT normal. Tekanan darah sistolik mencatat bahwa 30% responden berada diatas normal, sementara kadar GDS yang melebihi 200 mg/dL ditemukan pada 12% responden. Hasil ini mendorong adanya pemeriksaan lebih lanjut untuk menegakkan diagnosa dan intervensi melalui edukasi kesehatan serta pentingnya gaya hidup sehat.   Kata kunci: Pengabdian Masyarakat, Deteksi Dini, Indeks Masa Tubuh, Tekanan Gula Darah, Gula Darah Sewaktu. ABSTRACT Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus are major health issues in Indonesia, requiring early detection and timely intervention. This community service activity aims to provide an overview of body mass index (BMI), oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and random blood glucose (RBG) levels in C Village, Gunung Putri District. The study employed a descriptive quantitative method involving 50 respondents. Measurements of BMI, oxygen saturation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and RBG were conducted to identify the risk of non-communicable diseases. The analysis revealed that 56% of respondents were classified as obese, 26% were overweight, and 18% had normal BMI. Systolic blood pressure indicated that 30% of respondents had value above normal, while random blood glucose levels exceeding 200 mg/dL were found in 12% of respondents. These findings suggest the need for further examinations to confirm diagnosis and emphasize interventions through health education and the importance of a healthy lifestyle. Keywords: Community Service, Early Detection, Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, Random Blood Glucose.
A Refined Saccharomyces Cerevisiae-Induced Pyrexia Model In Rats For Specific Antipyretic Preclinical Screening Putra, Oktavian Arya; Wardhani, Bantari Wisynu Kusuma; Riska, Riska; Ramadhan, Nuzula Rijal Nur; Pamungkas, Fajrin Yudha; Al Baariq, Hisyam Nabil Najmuddin; Wahyuningtias , Dita Sheila Putri; Khairunnisa, Rahma; Ulhaq, Oktania Dhiya; Azis, Nurul Magfirah; Guselsa, Fricelia Aura; Siregar, Tika Hafzara; Khairullah, Aswin Rafif
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): Vol 11, No 2, 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v11i2.265

Abstract

Introduction. A fever-specific, reliable animal model is necessary to screen the antipyretic activity of pharmacological agents, especially to differentiate their action from broad anti-inflammatory activity. The present investigation was directed towards standardizing the yeast-induced pyrexia model in Sprague Dawley rats for screening the antipyretic activity of paracetamol. Methods. Male Sprague Dawley rats were placed into three groups (5 each): normal control, pyrexia-induced untreated, and paracetamol-treated. Pyrexia was induced by subcutaneous injection of 40% aqueous suspension of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (10 mL/kg b.w.). Paracetamol-treated rats were given a single oral dose of 150 mg/kg following pyrexia induction. Rectal temperature was measured at intervals of 30 minutes for 180 minutes. Results. Saccharomyces cerevisiae injection elicited a satisfactory febrile response in both pyrexia-induced groups. In the paracetamol-treated group, there was a considerable decrease in rectal temperature from 90 minutes, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) when compared with the untreated group. The model was able to distinguish the antipyretic effect of paracetamol from natural thermoregulatory fall in controls. Conclusion. This S. cerevisiae pyrexia model in mice is a specific and reproducible platform for antipyretic drug evaluation. The ability to dissociate antipyretic mechanisms from accompanying inflammatory processes is what makes it an acceptable model for future pharmacological screens. The addition of fever-specific biomarkers, i.e., hypothalamic metabolites and PGE₂, is suggested to also offer mechanistic insight and translational value.
Trypanosoma evansi as a Major Cause of Animal Trypanosomiasis: A Comprehensive Review Warsito, Sunaryo Hadi; Khairullah, Aswin Rafif; Lamid, Mirni; Al-Arif, Mohammad Anam; Hermadi, Herry Agoes; Lokapirnasari, Widya Paramita; Kusala, Muhammad Khaliim Jati; Wibowo, Syahputra; Ayuti, Siti Rani; Wardhani, Bantari Wisynu Kusuma; Fauziah, Ima; Yanestria, Sheila Marty; Moses, Ikechukwu Benjamin; Prasetyo, Agung; Aryaloka, Suhita; Fauzia, Kartika Afrida; Ahmad, Riza Zainuddin; Kurniasih, Dea Anita Ariani
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol8.iss2.2025.455-477

Abstract

Trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi is a major protozoan illness that affects animals worldwide. It is also referred to as “surra” and affects a variety if wild and domestic animals such as sheep, cattle, goats, dogs, buffaloes, pigs, elephants, amongst others. In preparing this review, relevant scientific articles were searched on PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases using the keyword “Trypanosoma evansi AND animals”. T. evansi are carried by a vast number of hematophagous flies and are found in the extracellular and internal fluids of certain hosts. Trypanosomosis is mostly characterized by anemia, and the degree of anemia can typically be used as a gauge for the disease's severity. Trypanosomiasis compromises the host animal's immune system and its diagnosis is dependent on a number of factors such as thorough clinical examination, suitable sample collection, sample size, suitable diagnostic test performance, and logical interpretation of test results. The clinical manifestations of trypanosomiasis vary widely in both appearance and severity, ranging from neurological disturbances and skin plaques to vaginal enlargement. Hematophagous biting flies, including Tabanus, Haematopota, Glossina, Chrysops, Lyperosia, Stomoxys, and Hippobusca flies, contribute to the spread of trypanosomiasis. Four medications are primarily used to treat trypanosomiasis: quinapyramine, karetin, diminazene aceturate (Berenil), and melarsomine (cymelarsan). An efficient vaccination program is an additional technique for managing infectious diseases in addition to treatment. The most important step in curtailing the spread of trypanosomiasis caused by T. evansi is to stop its transmission by flies via physical and chemical methods.
Co-Authors Agung Prasetyo Al arif, Mohammad Anam Al Baariq, Hisyam Nabil Najmuddin Aryaloka, Suhita Ayuti, Siti Rani Azis, Nurul Magfirah Fauzia, Kartika Afrida Fauziah, Ima Guselsa, Fricelia Aura Herry Agoes Hermadi Khairullah, Aswin Rafif Khairunnisa, Rahma Khalisa, Andi Thafida Kurniasih, Dea Anita Ariani Kusala, Muhammad Khaliim Jati Mirni Lamid Moses, Ikechukwu Benjamin Muhammad Azhar Pamungkas, Fajrin Yudha Permana, Yandi Putra, Oktavian Arya Rahmania, Tesia Aisyah Ramadhan, Nuzula Rijal Nur Renesteen, Editha Riska Riska Riza Zainuddin Ahmad Sheila Marty Yanestria Subiyakto, Yuli Tika Hafzara Siregar Ulhaq, Oktania Dhiya Wahyuningtias , Dita Sheila Putri Warsito, Sunaryo Hadi Wibowo, Syahputra Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari Yahdiana Harahap