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Journal : journal of Basic Medical Veterinary

Therapeutic Potential of Eugenol for Muscle Pain Management in Athletes: A Scoping Review Mochtar, Chaerul Fadly
Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbmv.v14i1.72552

Abstract

Muscle pain is a prevalent affliction experienced by athletes during training and competition. Eugenol, a natural compound found in cloves, exhibits considerable promise as a therapeutic agent for myalgia through multiple mechanisms of action. Eugenol has been shown to inhibit prostaglandin E2 production and reduce cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, a process that plays a pivotal role in inflammation and pain. Furthermore, eugenol has been observed to interact with TRPV1, HVACC, and α2-adrenergic and opioidergic receptors, contributing to its analgesic effects. In addition, studies have demonstrated that eugenol possesses significant anti-inflammatory properties, as evidenced by its ability to reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and augment the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In a preclinical context, eugenol-active topical formulations have demonstrated encouraging results, showing promise in the development of muscle pain relief preparations for athletes, with a superior safety profile compared to conventional drugs. However, further research is necessary to optimize the dosage, formulation, and the appropriate application method. This review underscores the potential of eugenol as a safe and effective muscle pain therapy for athletes, as well as opportunities for the development of innovative topical formulations.
Marine Sponge Petrosia sp. from Maratua Island: A Potential Source of Antibiofilm Agents Against Pathogenic Biofilms Mochtar, Chaerul Fadly; Hamzah, Hasyrul; Bakti, Muhammad Tursina; Rozak, Abdul
Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbmv.v14i1.72915

Abstract

Microbial biofilm-associated infections, particularly those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, have emerged as global challenges due to resistance to conventional antimicrobials. This study investigated the antibiofilm activity of ethanol extract from the sponge Petrosia sp., collected from the waters of Maratua Island, against both pathogens. Extraction was performed using 96% ethanol maceration, followed by in vitro biofilm inhibition and eradication assays using the broth microdilution method in microtiter plates. Biofilm density was quantified through crystal violet staining and absorbance measurement (OD₅₉₅ nm). The results demonstrated that the extract inhibited both intermediate-stage (24 hours) and mature-stage (48 hours) biofilm formation, with an MBIC₅₀ of 0.125% for both microorganisms. At a concentration of 1%, the inhibition percentages reached 73.86% for P. aeruginosa and 84.70% for C. albicans. The highest mature biofilm eradication activity was observed at 1% concentration, with MBEC₅₀ values of 51.98% for P. aeruginosa and 80.53% for C. albicans, approaching the effectiveness of positive controls (nystatin 82.04% and chloramphenicol 61.72%). The extract exhibited a dose-dependent pattern, with greater efficacy against C. albicans, possibly due to differences in biofilm matrix composition. These findings confirm the potential of Petrosia sp. as a source of multitarget antibiofilm compounds, particularly for fungal infections, and underscore the significance of Indonesia’s marine biodiversity as a basis for innovative therapeutic development.
Bioactivity-Guided Evaluation of Tabernaemontana divaricata Leaf Fractions Reveals Promising Anti-Inflammatory, Antipyretic, and Analgesic Effects in Mice Mochtar, Chaerul Fadly
Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary, December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbmv.v14i2.80895

Abstract

Inflammation, pain, and fever are major physiological responses to tissue injury or infection that often require pharmacological intervention. However, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may cause gastrointestinal and hepatic toxicity, encouraging the search for safer natural alternatives. Tabernaemontana divaricata has been traditionally used to treat inflammatory and febrile conditions, yet limited studies have evaluated the pharmacological properties of its solvent fractions. This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities of the hexane (HeFrTD) and butanol (BuFrTD) fractions derived from the ethyl acetate extract of T. divaricata leaves in male mice. The fractions were obtained through liquid–liquid partitioning and administered orally at doses of 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg body weight. Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects were evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema, peptone-induced pyrexia, and hot plate assays, respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. Both fractions significantly (p < 0.05) reduced inflammation, pyrexia, and pain in a dose-dependent manner. The 250 mg/kg dose produced strong anti-inflammatory and antipyretic responses, with no statistically significant difference from diclofenac and paracetamol within the experimental model. Analgesic activity suggested possible involvement of central pathways commonly associated with opioid receptor modulation. In conclusion, the fractions of T. divaricata exhibit notable multi-target pharmacological effects, supporting their traditional use and potential for development as natural anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic agents.
Co-Authors A. Nurfitriani Abbas, Rahmat Hidayat Abdul Rozak Aisyiyah, Novia Misnawati Aji Firda Lia F Alfiannur, Muhammad Rizky Alfin Syahrian Dwi Nugraha Amalia, Nadhifah Suci Andi Ainun Zulkiah Surur Andini Nur Amilia Anshari, Rahman Anugrah Riska Pradana Arimbi Aris, Risna Aulan Syahala Ayu Faradillah Ayu Faradillah Badrani Abbas Al Fajri Bakti, Muhammad Tursina Bambang Setiaji Biyni, Alifiah Aisyah Canra, Roni Christina Debomar Damis, Nur Lutfiah Dedi Setiawan Devi, Reni Selviana Diana Indri Sulistia Dwi Lestari Elva Elva Hafidzah Elva Hafidzah Endang Setyowati Eva Mardiana Evi Lutfia Sari FAHRIZAL Faldi Faldi Faldi, Faldi Faradillah, Ayu Fathiah Putri Varizza Fathiah Putri Varizza Fauzan, Abhista Ibnu Febriani, Riska Fhirda Azhari Fitri Fitri Fredy Dian Kurniawan Hafidzah, Elva Hafis, Syavira Hamzah, Hasyrul HarvinaMukrim Hasanah Hasanah Helda Rahma Hendra Wahyudi Husna, Qur'anni Akhwatun Husna, Qur’anni Akhwatun Indra Yudhawan Indriyani, Juniar Rakhmatia Irfan Muris Setiawan Irfan Yunus Irzani, Elza Fadia Jati Pratiwi Jati Pratiwi Kurnita Puji Lestari Luthfi M, Mochtar Luthfiyyah Kahirun Nisa Lysa Oktaviani Saleh Lysa Oktaviani Saleh Mahandian, Finarni Mardatilah, Suci Marwan, Bintang Ali Muh Irham Bakhtiar Mundzir, Chaerul Nadia Chusnul Fiqriah Nila Fajrianti Nita Magfirah Ilyas Nita Magfirah Ilyas Noor Aida Novia Misnawati Aisyiyah Novia Misnawati Aisyiyah Novia Misnawati Aisyiyah Novia Misnawati Aisyiyah Nur Ismi Aulia Shifa Nur Lutfiah Damis Nur Lutfiah Damis Nur Lutfiah Damis Nur Lutfiah Damis Nurmila Sari Paula Mariana Kustiawan Poppy Elisano Arfanda Pradana, Anugrah Riska Pratama, Aldo Putri, Nur Octaviany Qur’anni Akhwatun Husna Qur’anni Akhwatun Husna Rabiatul Adawiyah Rahma, Nur Rani, Frederika Erwina Rasyidah, Jamiatur Reni Selviana Devi Reni Selviana Devi Reskyta, Nur Aulia Risna Aris Riza Maulana Rizky Kurniawan Rusli Safitri Indah Lestari Salsabila Azzahra Sarifin Sarmila Sekar Ayu Kumara Shella Carlina Tasya Shella Putri Sinta Ratna Dewi Sinta Ratna Dewi Sri Wahyuni Suriati Suriati Suriati Suriati Suwoko Suwoko Tania Nazelilla Tomi Perdani Varizza, Fathiah Putri Virgiawan Yoga Pratama Virgiawan Yoga Pratama Vyona Ruli Paradhea Wahyana Mujari Wahid Wirnawati Wirnawati Wiyuniarta Syarifuddin