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The Effect of Flowrate on Dye Removal of Jumputan Wastewater in a Fixed-Bed Column by Using Adsorption Model: Experimental and Breakthrough Curves Analysis Lia Cundari; Bazlina Dawami Afrah; Asyeni Miftahul Jannah; Patrick Rudy Meizakh; Muhammad Alik Aziz; Wulan Ayum Larasati
Reaktor Volume 22 No. 1 April 2022
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (421.489 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.22.1.28-35

Abstract

One of the traditional arts in Indonesia is Jumputan fabric which produced by using tie and dye technic. The Jumputan wastewater contains organic compounds which can decrease the oxygen content in water. An economic and applicable process to handle the Jumputan wastewater is adsorption. The research was conducted to find out the effect of flowrate to the adsorption performance of the dye onto activated carbon in a continuous fixed-bed column based on the breakthrough curve parameter. The activated carbon made from betel nuts (Cyrtostachys lakka) with size particle of 60 mesh. The column dimension was 2 inches of inside diameter and 60 cm of height column. The bed height was 10 cm. The feed pumped from the top of column with variation of flowrate of 10, 20 and 30 ml/min. The absorbance of the dye was analyzed by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The adsorption column models were analyzed using Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and Adam-Bohart. The result of this research was the dye removal efficiency decreased with the increase in flowrate, which was 61.4%; 56.9%; and 47.6% for 10, 20, and 30 ml/min respectively. Feed flowrate showed a negative effect on the saturation time, the higher the flowrate, the faster it reaches the saturation point of the adsorbent. The breakpoints were 180, 260, and 420 minutes at 30, 20, 10 ml/min flowrate. The model data indicated that Thomas and Yoon-Nelson are fitted well with the experimental results. The models show the largest regression and the smallest error with the value of each 0.99 and 0.0035 at flowrate of 10 ml/min.
Evaluasi Kinerja Heat Exchanger E-401 Pada Unit Pe3 Pt. Lotte Chemical Titan Nusantara Achmad Naufal Al Ghifary; Amanda Nabila Hasya; Tubagus Riadz; Lia Cundari
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 20, No 01 (2022): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v20i01.3255

Abstract

Heat exchanger adalah peralatan yang digunakan dalam proses perpindahan panas antara fluida dingin dan panas yang memiliki perbedaan temperatur tanpa terjadi proses perpindahan massa di dalamnya. Permasalahan yang ada pada alat heat exchanger berupa pembentukan fouling yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi operasi yaitu temperatur fluida. Pembentukan fouling pada alat heat exchanger dapat menurunkan efisiensi kerja dari alat ini. Dalam laporan ini, dilakukan evaluasi kinerja heat exchanger E-401 pada Unit PE-3 PT. Lotte Chemical Titan Nusantara untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari gangguan pembentukan fouling terhadap kinerja dari heat exchanger E-401. Evaluasi kinerja heat exchanger E-401 diselesaikan dengan metode perhitungan Kern yang menggunakan aplikasi Microsoft Excel. Penelitian ini mengambil data operasional heat exchanger E-401 dalam rentang periode Agustus hingga Desember 2021 dengan tingkat efisiensi aktual sebesar 64.07%; 47.15%; 63.53%; 66.08%; 73.23%. Nilai fouling factor hasil perhitungan data aktual sebesar 0.0002 m2hOC/kcal. Heat exchanger E-401 memenuhi tingkat efisiensi desain jika mencapai angka 74.5827% dan nilai fouling factor desain sebesar 0.0007 m2hOC/kcal. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan optimasi desain heat exchanger agar meningkatkan efisiensi kinerja alat.Kata Kunci: Heat Exchanger, Fouling Factor, Efisiensi
PROCESSING OF TEMPE LIQUID WASTE IN STAGES USING COMBINATION OF COAGULATION AND ELECTROCOAGULATION METHODS Lia Cundari; Faisal Akbar Adin; Asyeni Miftahul Jannah; Dyos Santoso
Konversi Vol 11, No 2 (2022): OKTOBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.14206

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of slow stirring time of flocculation and stress on the electrocoagulation process on turbidity levels and pH values of tempe liquid waste. The research method used is a combination of coagulation and electrocoagulation processes carried out in batches. Variations carried out were slow stirring time of flocculation (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes) and variation of voltage (3,6, and 9 volts). The results showed that the stirring time and electrocoagulation voltage affected the turbidity of the tempe liquid waste but did not affect the pH level of the tempe liquid waste. The best slow flocculation time was 20 minutes with a turbidity yield of 31.04 NTU and a percent removal of turbidity of 91.56%. The electrocoagulation voltage of 9 volts resulted in a turbidity of 2.01 NTU and a percent turbidity removal of 93.52%.
Studi Kasus Terhadap Alat Penukar Kalor 127-C PUSRI IV Berbasis Simulasi Program Heat Transfer Research Inc. (HTRI) Dengan Variabel Jumlah Plug dan Material Tube Nucke Aurelia; Lia Cundari; Winandyo Mangkoto
Faktor Exacta Vol 15, No 4 (2022)
Publisher : LPPM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30998/faktorexacta.v15i4.14148

Abstract

Heat exchanger (HE) is used as a medium for heat exchange between fluids. One of the most critical HE at PUSRI, is the 127-C (Ammonia Refrigerant Condenser) in the PUSRI-IV ammonia unit which is supported by 2 identical HEs, namely 127-CA and 127-CB. This HE serves to condense ammonia gas into liquid ammonia. After evaluating the performance of this HE, there was an average decrease of 31.46%. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize this HE, one of which is through research using the HTRI (Heat Transfer Research Inc.) simulator to see the effect of the number of plugs and tube material replacement. The variable number of plugs used are 17, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 for the 127-CA and 21, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 for the 127-CB. As for the tube material variables, namely Carbon Steel (CS), 304- Stainless Steel (304-SS), and 316- Stainless Steel (316-SS). After simulation and analysis were carried out by considering the factors of heat transfer performance, corrosion resistance and cost-benefit, it was concluded that re-tubing with 304-SS material was the most appropriate choice. The maximum number of plugs for CS material is 1000 pieces while for 304-SS and 316-SS materials it is 750 pieces. Heat exchanger (HE) is used as a medium for heat exchange between fluids. One of the most critical HE at PUSRI, is the 127-C (Ammonia Refrigerant Condenser) in the PUSRI-IV ammonia unit which is supported by 2 identical HEs, namely 127-CA and 127-CB. This HE serves to condense ammonia gas into liquid ammonia. After evaluating the performance of this HE, there was an average decrease of 31.46%. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize this HE, one of which is through research using the HTRI (Heat Transfer Research Inc.) simulator to see the effect of the number of plugs and tube material replacement. The variable number of plugs used are 17, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 for the 127-CA and 21, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 for the 127-CB. As for the tube material variables, namely Carbon Steel (CS), 304- Stainless Steel (304-SS), and 316- Stainless Steel (316-SS). After simulation and analysis were carried out by considering the factors of heat transfer performance, corrosion resistance and cost-benefit, it was concluded that re-tubing with 304-SS material was the most appropriate choice. The maximum number of plugs for CS material is 1000 pieces while for 304-SS and 316-SS materials it is 750 pieces.
Characterization of Biosorbent from Musa acuminata balbisian Peel using FTIR Spectroscopy and Its Application to Cadmium (Cd) Removal: Effect of Activator Type, pH, and Biosorbent Ratio Lia Cundari; Alna Livia Fanneza; Nanda Citra Arisma
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 3 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v9i3.23992

Abstract

Biosorbent that use in this study made from kepok banana peel (Musa Acuminata balbisian). The present study is done to determine the characteristic of biosorbent and the effect of activator type, pH, and ratio of biosorbent for the cadmium removal. The experiments were carried out in batch process, laboratorium scale, room temperature, and 60 mesh of biosorbent size particle. The biosorbent produced by using chemical activation method onto dry banana peel. The variation in this research was the type of activator (H3PO4 and H2SO4), pH of Cadmium (3, 4, and 5), and the ratio of biosorbent dosage to the volume of cadmium solution (1:20, 1.5:20, and 2:20 (g/ml)).  The biosorbent characterized by using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). The cadmium concentration analyzed by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Characterization with FTIR showed the differences in functional groups onto biosorbent before and after adsorption. There was a change in the spectral band of C-H and C=O functional groups for biosorbent that activated with H3PO4 and a change in the spectral band of C-H functional groups for biosorbent that activated with H2SO4. The acid activators showed the best condition was at 90 minutes contact time, pH 4 and the ratio of biosorbent dosage and the volume of 1.5:20 (g/ml). The result showed that the H3PO4 was the best acid activator in the removal of cadmium with amount of 99.91%. 
PROSES PENGERINGAN NPK BERDASARKAN EVALUASI ROTARY DRYER DAN KADAR AIR NPK DI PT. PETROKIMIA GRESIK Guluh Fauziah Marintika; Lia Cundari; Farid Hayu Kurniawan
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v14i1.1279

Abstract

Drying is an important process in the production of NPK fertilizers. The average NPK water content in August 2021 – January 2022 was 1.64%, still exceeding a good NPK water content of < 1.5%. The high NPK moisture content resulted that review are needed in drying process through rotary dryer evaluation and observation by creating multiple linear regression math. The average thermal efficiency is calculated based on the actual data, which is 73%, do not decrease significantly and still close to the value of the design data of 90%. The mathematical equation obtained is Y1 = 114.9292 + 0.000338X1 + 0.0439062X2 -1.711792X3 -0.3749378X4 with a regression coefficient of 0.8657472. Factors that affect the NPK fertilizer water content are the air temperature of dryer, the flow rate of incoming NPK water mass, the flow rate of NPK mass and the flow rate of air dryer mass.
Tempeh Industry Wastewater Treatment using Mix Natural Adsorbents (Zeolite, Bentonite, Water Hyacinth-Activated Carbon): Effect of Mass Ratio and Dosage of Mix Adsorbents on Turbidity and pH Lia Cundari; Muhammad Radhiy Sukandar; Fahmi Nurusman
Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Vol. 14 (2023): special issue
Publisher : Balai Besar Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21771/jrtppi.2023.v14.no3.p41-52

Abstract

Adsorption is the process of agglomeration of dissolved substances in solution by the surface of an absorbent substance which makes the material enter and collect in an absorbent substance. Natural adsorbents that function to treat tempe liquid waste are zeolite, bentonite, and water hyacinth activated carbon. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the mass ratio and dose of natural adsorbents on the turbidity and pH values of tempe wastewater. The mass ratio variation used was the ratio of each material in the form of zeolite: bentonite: active carbon of water hyacinth in the form of R1 (1:1:1); R2 (2:1:1); R3 (1:2:1); and R4 (1:1:2). The adsorbent dose carried out was 1.5 gr; 3 grams; and 4.5 gr per 100 ml volume of liquid waste. The contact time between the adsorbent and the liquid waste is every 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 minutes. Processing of tempe liquid waste was carried out in laboratory-scale batches with 120 rpm stirring. The analysis was carried out in form of turbidity, pH, COD, BOD, and TSS. The results showed that the adsorption was able to reduce turbidity and increase the pH level up to 99% by stirring the mass ratio R2 (2:1:1) for 150 minutes with a dose of 4.5 grams. It was found that the turbidity value decreased from 520.5 NTU to 2.47 NTU =ncrease in pH levels reaching 75% at 150 minutes of stirring at a dose of 4.5 grams. Decreased pH value from 3.7 to 6.4. The maximum adsorption capacity validation results were obtained based on the Frendulinch analysis of 7.07-49.75 mg/g with a Freundlich constant of 0.67-0.70 at a dose of 4.5 grams.
Biocoagulant effectivity test in tempe wastewater treatment: the effect of biocoagulant type and dosage Lia Cundari; Ade Tiara; Kha-Rizma Yudia Zannah
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 13, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v13i2.8098.99-105

Abstract

Tempe is a popular Indonesian food enjoyed by many people. However, the production process generates a significant amount of liquid waste. Liquid waste treatment can be done through coagulation and floctuation processes with the help of coagulants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type and dose of biocoagulant on the turbidity and pH values of tempe wastewater The variations included the use of various biocoagulants (papaya seeds, tamarind seeds, and moringa seeds), biocoagulant doses (500, 1000, and 1500 mg/L) and variations in slow flocculation time (10, 15, 20, 15, 25, and 30 minutes). The analysis encompassed  measurements of turbidity, pH, COD, BOD, and TSS. The research data is then validated in a certified laboratory. The results showed that the type of biocoagulant, dose of biocoagulant and stirring time would affect the turbidity value of tempe wastewater but did not significantly affect the pH value. The highest reduction in turbidity was 52.3 NTU with a percent decrease in turbidity of 96.2% at pH 4.145 using 500 mg/L tamarind seed biocoagulant and stirring time of 25 minutes. The results showed that only the BOD and TSS parameters met the tempe liquid waste quality standards, so that further processing was required, such as by adsorption and electrocoagulation.
EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF ROTARY KILN EQUIPMENT IN FACTORY II PT. SEMEN BATURAJA (PERSERO) Tbk. REVIEW OF THERMAL EFFICIENCY Perdana. Ts, Redho; Cundari, Lia; Safaruddin, Safaruddin; Robiansyah, Robiansyah
Jurnal Multidisipliner Bharasumba Vol 1 No 04 (2022): Jurnal Multidisipliner Bharasumba
Publisher : Pusat Studi Ekonomi, Publikasi Ilmiah dan Pengembangan SDM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62668/bharasumba.v1i04.328

Abstract

Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk. is a factory that produces cement as a raw material for construction for small to large scale. The cement industry is one of the industries that in the production process consumes a large amount of energy, the costs incurred for energy consumption in a cement factory range from 20% - 30% of the total cost of production. The largest energy requirement comes from the combustion process in the kiln. Rotary Kiln is the main equipment in the manufacture of cement which requires heat of combustion for the kilnker formation process. The main source of heat of combustion comes from coal. The evaluation of the rotary kiln was carried out to determine the performance of the calcination process on the rotary kiln which will affect the clinker formation in terms of processing time to the load on process costs. While the calculation method used by calculating the mass balance of each input and output component, as well as the heat balance of each input and output component. Then from the heat balance calculation can be used to calculate efficiency. From the calculation, the average actual efficiency is 60.33% with an average specific fuel consumption of 867.21 kcal/kg. The heat efficiency in the rotary kiln is not efficient because the efficiency of the rotary kiln is below the standard 80-85%.  
Pengoptimalan limbah kulit buah sebagai pupuk organik cair dengan molase dan bioaktivator EM4 untuk peningkatan produktivitas pertanian Wahyuningsih, Dwi Retno; Cundari, Lia; Komariah, Leily Nurul; Arita, Susila; Alisan, Cinthya Putri; Andini, Handalia Putri; Putri, Anisyah Kamila; Sinta, Eis Candra
Jurnal Inovasi Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat (JIPEMAS) Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : University of Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/jipemas.v7i2.20971

Abstract

Sisa hasil perkebunan, khususnya pada komponen yang tidak terpakai seperti kulit buah-buahan dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi pupuk organik cair dengan penambahan EM4, molase, dan air cucian beras. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Tanjung Pering, Kecamatan Indralaya Utara, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Sumatera Selatan. Desa Tanjung Pering sebagian besar penduduknya bermata pencaharian sebagai petani, sehingga memiliki potensi tanaman yang berlimpah. Metode dalam riset berbasis pengabdian ini dilaksanakan melalui metode Participatory Rural Approach (PRA). PRA merupakan metode pendidikan berbasis masyarakat melalui program penyuluhan, pelatihan, demonstrasi, dan pendampingan. Variabel tetap yang ditentukan dalam percobaan ini yaitu jumlah limbah kulit buah-buahan dan volume air cucian beras. Variabel bebas yang digunakan yaitu volume EM4 dan molase. Hasil dari riset berbasis pengabdian masyarakat, menunjukan kondisi optimum pupuk organik cair yaitu dengan konsentrasi EM4 sebanyak 20 ml dan molase 10 ml.  Dari hasil riset berbasis pengabdian masyarakat ini juga pembuatan pupuk organik cair menggunakan limbah kulit buah-buahan dapat digunakan secara efektif sebagai pupuk dan dapat diaplikasikan ke tanaman cabai yang terbukti dengan meningkatnya jumlah daun sebanyak 67% dan tinggi tanaman sebanyak 73%. Pengabdian ini dapat menjadi kegiatan berkelanjutan untuk menghasilkan pupuk organik cair dari limbah dan pemanfaatannya bagi pertanian di Desa Tanjung Pering.
Co-Authors Achmad Naufal Al Ghifary Achmad Zaidan Ade Tiara Afrah, B. Dawami Agung D. Aryansyah Agung Gunawan Agus Suranto Al-Faiz, Ahmad Haris Aldi Ramadhani Alfatih, Muhammad Ma'ruf Alisan, Cinthya Putri Alna Livia Fanneza Althaf Taufiqurrahman Alvina Suryadinata Amanda Nabila Hasya Andini, Handalia Putri Annafi, Muhammad Ariva, Helmi Asha Aisha Julian Asnari, Muhammad Asyeni Miftahul Jannah Azhari, M. Thohir Bazlina Dawami Afrah Bobby Redian David Bahrin Dedek Oktari Dwi Anggraini Dwi Budi Santoso Dyos Santoso Eki Saputra Endang Supriyatna Fachry Abda El Rahman Fahmi Nurusman Faisal Akbar Adin Farid Hayu Kurniawan Fitri Hadiah Fitri, Rizza Fadillah Friskha Hanifah Sakinah Gayatri, Rianyza Guluh Fauziah Marintika Habil Majid Wirawan Hadi Samhudi Herani, Lingga Putri Ihsan Riyadi, Muhammad Ilmiaty, R. Silvia Indahsari, Siti Rachmi Januari, Ristian Julian, Asha Aisha Kha-Rizma Yudia Zannah Larasati, Wulan Ayum Leily Nurul Komariah Leonardo R. Ginting Luthfiyah A. Sayyidah M Ihsan Riady Muhammad A. Rizan Muhammad Alik Aziz Muhammad Ardian Muhammad Radhiy Sukandar Nanda Citra Arisma Novia Sumardi Nucke Aurelia Oktarinasari, Eva Omar Ibrahim Patrick Rudy Meizakh Perdana. Ts, Redho Putri, Anisyah Kamila R. Rosalina Rahmadian, M. Rafly Rahmadian, Muhammad R Ramadhanty, Rizky Vasya Riady, M.I. Ripaldi, Alif Rizka Wulandari Putri Rizki, Fadhilah Rosalina Rosalina RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Selpiana, Selpiana Shailendra, F. Habib Sinta, Eis Candra Suci Dwijayanti Suhendra, Ahmad Adi Susila Arita Susmanto, Prahady Teddy Suryadinata Tubagus Riadz Tuti Indah Sari, Tuti Indah Tuty Emilia Agustina Untung Waluyo uthfiyah A. Sayyidah wahyuningsih, dwi retno Winandyo Mangkoto Wulan Ayum Larasati Yandriani Yandriani Zalman, Arjun