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Insurance, Policy, Knowledge Level and Epidemiology As Factors Affecting Demand And Supply of Pharmaceutical Product Cahaya, Noor; Pramestutie, Hananditia Rachma; Hati, Anita Kumala; Untari, Eka Kartika; Utami, Pinasti
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2022.007.02.2

Abstract

Fulfillment of drug availability is always a challenge from year to year and is determined by supply and demand issues for pharmaceutical drugs. Good management of drugs and pharmaceutical supplies is important in health services. This is related to the quality of health services and the efficiency and effectiveness of the budget. This review study aims to examine the factors that influence drug supply and demand simultaneously with a different perspective from other studies, namely, the focus is to simultaneously discuss the effects of health insurance financing schemes, registration regulations for pharmaceutical products and imports of pharmaceutical products, the level of pharmacist knowledge, changes in disease patterns, disasters, and wars on drug supply and demand. The research design that was used in this study is a narrative review. The data sources that were used are PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria in this study are all research related to the demand for pharmaceutical supplies and drugsthat will be reviewed in the study, either in the form of original research, reviews, or reports. The results obtained articles consisting of 8 articles related to health insurance financing, 6 articles related to registration regulation of pharmaceutical products and import of pharmaceutical products, 5 articles related to pharmacist knowledge level, 3 articles related to changes in disease patterns, and 3 articles related to disasters and wars. Based on the 25 articles that were used as data in this study, it was found that the factors that influence the supply and demand of pharmaceutical supplies are health insurance financing, regulation of registration drug processes and imports of pharmaceutical products, level of knowledge of pharmacists as pharmaceutical service providers, changes in disease patterns, disasters, politics, and war.
Increasing The Digital Health Competency of Salatiga City Pharmacists in The Era of Digital Health Transformation Hati, Anita Kumala; Ratnasari, Yunia; M.N.H, Paulina Ambar
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2024.010.01.7

Abstract

Background: The Indonesia Ministry of Health has established six pillars of health transformation, one of which is health technology transformation. Pharmacist as a professional  health care must have digital health competency to contribute to the success of digital health transformation in Indonesia. Objective: This research aims to analyze and improve the digital health competency of Salatiga city pharmacists. Method: This research is a quasi-experimental research with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The number of participants was 30 pharmacists from the city of Salatiga. Digital health competency levels were measured before and after training using the Public Health Informatics Competencies for Primary Health Care (PHIC4PHC) questionnaire instrument. Competency levels are presented as ordinal data so that the Wilcoxon test is used to determine differences before and after intervention. Result: Participants in this study consisted of 63% pharmacists at pharmacies, 20% Primary Clinic pharmacists, and 17% Community Health Center pharmacists. Participants were aged between 26 and 47 years old with a period of pharmacist practice between 4 and 22 years. Analysis of respondents' digital health competency level before training obtained results of 2% basic level, 27% understanding level, 43% fluent level, and 23% expert level. Meanwhile, after 2 weeks of respondents applying the results of digital health training, there was an increase in respondents' competency to 30% fluent level and 70% expert level. The pharmacist's health competency increased significantly (p-value< 0.05). 20 participants increased their competency level, and 10 participants did not change their competency level. Conclusion: Digital health training has been proven to significantly increase the digital health competency of Salatiga city pharmacists. Keywords: e-Health, Telepharmacy, Informatics, Pharmacists, competence