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All Journal TEKNIK CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia Communications in Science and Technology Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Jurnal Ilmu Fisika SEMAR Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering
Mujtahid Kaavessina, Mujtahid
Program Studi Teknik Kimia, FT, UNS Jl. Ir. Sutami no. 36 A, Surakarta 27126 Telp/fax:0271-632112
Humanities Astronomy Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics Social Sciences

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Konduktivitas Listrik Poly(Lactic Acid) dengan Variasi Bahan Isian Karbon: Review Efendy, Gabrella; Handayani, Indah Dwi; Husni, N Fauziatul; Habibah, Siti; Kaavessina, Mujtahid
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 5, No 1 (2021): Volume 5, No 1 July 2021
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v5i1.54195

Abstract

Abstrak. Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites (CPC) merupakan material yang banyak digunakan sebagai sensor, sel fotovoltaik, kapasitor, dioda, dan perangkat energi yang sangat mudah meregang. CPC memiliki beberapa sifat unggul, diantaranya konduktivitas elektrik yang tinggi, ringan, tahan korosi, dan memiliki karakteristik mekanis yang bagus. Konduktivitas elektrik pada polimer diperoleh dan diatur dengan menambahkan bahan isian berbasis karbon seperti: Carbon Black (CB), Carbon Nano Tube (CNT), Graphite maupun Graphene. Metode panambahan bahan isian dapat dilakukan dengan Melt blending dan Solvent blending. Metode melt blending memiliki beberapa keunggulan, diantaranya mudah, praktis, murah, serta dapat diaplikasikan pada berbagai bahan. Selain itu, metode melt blending termasuk  ramah lingkungan karena tidak ada pelarut organik. Sedangkan kelebihan metode Solvent Blending adalah campuran yang lebih kuat dikarenakan disperse yang terjadi merata dan lebih baik. Pada review, penulis mengulas tentang sifat elektrik dari CPC berbasis poli asam laktat dan berbagai bahan isian  karbon, yaitu CNT, graphene, dan CB. Hasil studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa konduktivitas elektrik CPC meningkat seiring bertambahnya komposisi bahan isian. Pada metode solvent blending faktor yang berpengaruh adalah komposisi PLA dan filler, suhu operasi, kecepatan pengadukan, waktu pengadukan, dan solvent yang digunakan. Sedangkan metode melt blending faktor yang berpengaruh adalah komposisi PLA dan filler, suhu operasi, kecepatan, dan waktu.Kata kunci: Poli Asam Laktat, CNT, CB, Graphene, CPC Abstract. Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites (CPC) are materials that are widely used as sensors, photovoltaic cells, capacitors, diodes, and highly flexible energy devices. CPC has several superior properties, including high electrical conductivity, lightweight, corrosion resistance, and good mechanical characteristics. The electrical conductivity of the polymer is obtained and adjusted by adding carbon-based fillers such as: Carbon Black (CB), Carbon Nano Tube (CNT), Graphite, and Graphene. The method of adding fillers can be conducted by Melt blending and Solvent blending. The melt blending method has several advantages, including being easy, practical, inexpensive, and can be applied to various materials. In addition, the melt blending method is environmentally friendly because there is no organic solvent used. Meanwhile, the advantage of the Solvent Blending method is more homogeneous dispersion. In the review, the author reviews the electrical properties of CPC based on poly(lactic acid) and various carbon filling materials, namely CNT, graphene, and CB. The literature study shows that the electrical conductivity of CPC increases as the increase of fillers composition. In the solvent blending method, the main influencing factors are the composition of PLA and filler, operating temperature, stirring speed, stirring time, and solvent used. While the melt blending method, the influencing factors are the composition of PLA and filler, operating temperature, speed, and blending time. Keywords: Poli(lactic acid), CNT, CB, Graphene, CPC 
Pemanfaatan Cangkang Biji Nyamplung sebagai Penghasil Resin untuk Mengatasi Permasalahan Limbah Padat di CV Plantanesia Setyawardhani, Dwi Ardiana; Kaavessina, Mujtahid; Fadilah, Fadilah; Distantina, Sperisa; Kwartiningsih, Endang; Danarto, Yoseph Calasanctius; Ramadhani, Aida Nur
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Volume 6, No 2 December 2022
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v6i2.66463

Abstract

ABSTRAK. CV Plantanesia merupakan industri penghasil minyak dari biji nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) yang dikenal sebagai Tamanu oil. Minyak tersebut dijual sebagai bahan baku kosmetik untuk produk skin care dan obat tradisional seperti luka, penyakit kulit, rematik, minyak untuk urut maupun obat gatal. Produksi Tamanu oil menghasilkan limbah hasil pengepresan minyak dari bijinya yang berupa bungkil/ampas biji dan cangkang/kulit buah nyamplung. Limbah tersebut dihasilkan dalam jumlah besar dan belum dimanfaatkan sehingga hanya dibuang sebagai sampah dan dibakar. Cangkang biji nyamplung mengandung resin senyawa fenolik yang memiliki sifat antioksidan, anti inflamasi, anti kanker, dan anti mikroba sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan Tujuan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pelatihan pengolahan limbah pengepresan minyak biji nyamplung, khususnya cangkang biji dan pengolahannya untuk menjadi resin. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di CV. Plantanesia yang berlokasi di Tasikmadu, Kecamatan Jaten, Kabupaten Karanganyar. Pelatihan diberikan dalam bentuk penyuluhan, diskusi dan pelatihan pengambilan (ekstraksi) resin dari cangkang nyamplung. Proses ekstraksi resin dari cangkang nyamplung dan pengaturan kondisi optimal ekstraksi dilakukan terlebih dahulu melalui percobaan pendahuluan di Laboratorium Program Studi Teknik Kimia FT UNS. Hasil percobaan tersebut digunakan sebagai materi pelatihan. Penyampaian materi dilakukan melalui kunjungan, penyuluhan dan pelatihan pada pelaku usaha khususnya CV Plantanesia. Materi penyuluhan dikemas dalam modul dan dipraktekkan secara langsung di lokasi CV. Dari kegiatan ini, mitra memperoleh peningkatan wawasan akan pemanfaatan cangkang biji nyamplung. Produk resin yang dihasilkan diharapkan dapat bermanfaat sebagai produk samping yang bernilai jual tinggi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan bagi pelaku usaha, sekaligus dapat mengatasi masalah limbahnya. Kata kunci: cangkang biji nyamplung, resin, tamanu oilABSTRACT. CV Plantanesia is a home industry that produces nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) seed oil known as Tamanu oil. The oil is usually used for skin care products and traditional medicines such as wounds, skin diseases, rheumatism, massage oil and itching medicine. Tamanu oil production leaves solid waste from the pressing process, which is cake/seed dregs and shells/skin of nyamplung fruit. This waste is generated in large quantities and has not been utilized, so it is only disposed of as garbage or just burned. Nyamplung seed shells contain resin phenolic compounds which is used as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties. It can be used for medical treatment. This project aims to provide training on processing waste nyamplung seed oil, especially the seed shells and their processing to become resin. This activity is carried out at CV. Plantanesia which is located in Tasikmadu, Jaten, Karanganyar. The project was implemented in various activities, such as counseling, focus group discussions and workshop for extracting resin from nyamplung shells. The resin extraction and optimization process condition were developed at the Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Sebelas Maret University. The experimental results are implemented in the workshop at the industry. From this activity, partners gain increased insight into the use of nyamplung seed shells. The resin product is expected to be useful as a high value by-product to increase the benefit of the industry, as well as to overcome the waste problem.Keywords: nyamplung seed shell, resin, tamanu oil
Isotherm Adsorbsi Uap Air Komposit Poli(asam laktat) - Grafit Fadilah, Fadilah; Kaavessina, Mujtahid; Distantina, Sperisa; Setyawhardani, Dwi Ardiana; Kwartiningsih, Endang; Ramadhani, Aida Nur; Fakhruddin, Isa; Tane, Amaldo Firjarahadi
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Volume 6, No 1 July 2022
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v6i1.58786

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Poli asam laktat adalah polimer hidrofobik yang termasuk dalam kelas biomaterial yang bersifat biodegradable. Poli asam laktat berpotensi untuk dijadikan komposit polimer konduktif (conductive polymer composite - CPC) yang dipergunakan sebagai bahan semikonduktor dengan cara mencampurkan grafit kepadanya. Perilaku adsorpsi uap air perlu dipelajari untuk mengetahui stabilitas komposit dan ditunjukkan melalui kurva isotherm adsorpsi uap air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari isotherm adsorpsi uap air komposit poli asam laktat/grafit pada berbagai komposisi grafit. Pengamatan terhadap isotherm adsorpsi uap air dilakukan dengan metode gravimetri pada berbagai kondisi kelembaban relatif. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kurva isotherm mengikuti tipe II menurut kasifikasi Brunauer, yaitu kurva berbentuk sigmoidal.  Semakin tinggi kondisi kelembaban relatif, semakin besar kandungan air kesetimbangan. Peningkatan kandungan air kesetimbangan secara tajam terjadi pada kondisi kelembaban di atas 75%.  Semakin tinggi komposisi grafit, semakin besar kandungan uap air kesetimbangan. Data kesetimbangan dicocokkan dengan model kesetimbangan sorpsi uap air yaitu model Guggenhiem-Anderson-deBoer (GAB), model Peleg, dan model Oswin. Model GAB memberikan gambaran isotherm yang terbaik.Kata kunci: Adsorpsi Uap Air, Kesetimbangan, Komposit, Poli Asam Laktat/Grafit, Pemodelan  ABSTRACT. Poly(lactic acid)/PLA is a hydrophobic polymer that belongs to the class of biodegradable biomaterial. PLA can be used as material in the manufacture of conductive polymer composite (CPC), which is used as a semiconductor material by mixing graphite into it. The water vapor adsorption behavior needs to be studied to determine the stability of the composite. This research aims to investigate the water vapor adsorption isotherm in poly(lactic acid)/graphite composites on various graphite compositions. The gravimetric method carried observations on the water vapor adsorption isotherm at various relative humidity conditions. The results obtained indicate that the isotherm curve follows type II according to the Brunauer classification. The higher the relative humidity, the greater the equilibrium water content. A sharp increase in the equilibrium water content occurs at humidity conditions above 75%. The higher the graphite composition, the greater the equilibrium moisture content. The Guggenhiem-Anderson-deBoer (GAB), Peleg, and Oswin sorption models were used to fit the experimental data. The GAB model best described the isotherms of the composites.Keywords: Composite, Equilibrium, Modeling, Poly(lactic acid)/Graphite, Water Vapor Adsorption
Bead Gel Preparation from Cassava Baggase Grafted Acrylamide and Carrageenan Distantina, Sperisa; Banowati, Dea Espina; Aprian, Laura Hanifa; Kaavessina, Mujtahid
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Volume 8, No 2 December 2024
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v8i2.85999

Abstract

Abstract. This research intends to prepare bed gels for medium of plant growth. Bead gels were prepared by grafting cassava bagasse by acrylamide with ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator using microwave energy. This research aims to examine the effect of the ratio of acrylamide to APS initiator on the swelling capacity. Briefly, cassava bagasse powder 1 g in 80 ml distilled water was mixed with acrylamide and APS to form grafted polimer by applying microwave. The resulted grafted polymer powder then was mixed with carrageenan to create bead gels. The formed bead gel was soaked in distilled water to test the swelling capacity. The highest swelling capacity in this research is 1183.333% at a ratio of 0.1 g APS : 15 g acrylamide and 1213.33% at a ratio of 10 g acrylamide : 0.1 g APS. Therefore, the swelling capacity increases with an increase in the ratio of acrylamide and APS. From the results of swelling capacity and FTIR, it can be concluded that the grafting process of cassava bagasse and acrylamide has been successfully conducted. Keywords:Ammonium persulfate, Bead gel, Grafting microwave, Swelling capacity, Cassava bagasse
Co-Authors Al Kamal, Fahrul An'nas Anggreini, Ghea Safiraventa Aprian, Laura Hanifa Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih Bambang Kusharjanta Banowati, Dea Espina Chafidz, Achmad Danarto, Y. Calasanctius Danarto, Yoseph Calasanctius Dwi Ardiana Setyawardhani, Dwi Ardiana Efendy, Gabrella Endang Kwartiningsih Fadilah Fadilah, Fadilah Fakhruddin, Isa Fernando, Yosea Ido Handayani, Indah Dwi Heru Sukanto Husni, N Fauziatul Ikhsanudin, Muhammad Nur Jauhary, Thonthowy Joko Waluyo Latief, Fahamsyah H. Matovanni, Maudy Pratiwi Novia Nabila, Shifa Annisa Nainggolan, Imanuel Daniel Naryani, Rahma Fitri Nurul Hidayatun Pranolo, Sunu Herwi Putra, Novan Aldian Rahmadan Ramadhan, Brilliano Wahyu Ramadhani, Aida Nur Rifa'i, Awaludin Fitroh Rita Rakhmawati, Rita Santoso, Nehemia Herbert Setyawhardani, Dwi Ardiana Siti Habibah Sperisa Distantina Sumarno . Tane, Amaldo Firjarahadi Wibawa Endra Juwana, Wibawa Endra Wibowo Wibowo