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Artikel Kehormatan: Konstitusionalitas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintah Daerah Perwira, Indra
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 2, No 3 (2015): PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Padjadjaran University

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AbstrakUndang-Undang Pemerintahan Daerah yang baru merupakan salah satu Undang-Undang prioritas dalam Program Legislasi Nasional bersama dengan Rancangan Undang-Undang Desa dan Rancangan Undang-UndangÂ Pemilihan Kepala Daerah, menggantikan Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004. Kedudukannya sebagai undang-undang pelaksana perintah Pasal 18 Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, tampak inkonsisten dengan paradigma desentralisasi. Tulisan ini menilai konstitusionalitas landasan pengaturan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dengan susdut pandang konstitusionalitas dan desentralisasi dalam arti sempit. Hasilnya, dapat ditunjukkan bahwa gagasan atau konsep yang mendasari kebijakan otonomi daerah dalam undang-undang tidak konstitusional atau tidak selaras dengan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Letak inkonstitusionalitas ada pada pertentangannya dengan Pasal 18, yang berjiwa desentralisasi dengan asas otonomi seluas-luasnya. Alih-alih melaksanakan Pasal 18, paradigma yang digunakan dalam Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Daerah yang baru ini berbasis sentralistis dari Pasal 4. Jika hendak disepakati pilihan kebijakan yang demikian, maka Undang-Undang DasarÂ 1945 perlu diubah dengan susbtansi bahwa perintah untuk membentuk Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Daerah (atau diubah menjadi Pemerintahan di Daerah) ada pada Pasal 4, bukan Pasal 18.Constitutionality of Law Number 23 of 2014 Concerning Local GovernmentAbstractThe new Law on Local Government is among the prioritized legislations within the National Legislation Program along with the Village Bill and Regional Election Bill, designed to replace/amend Law Number 32 of 2014. As an implemental legislation of Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution, this law seems inconsistent with the paradigm of decentralization. This article aims to review the constitutionality of the foundation of Law Number 23 of 2014 on Local Government by utilizing the perspective of constitutionality and decentralization in their narrow scope. The result shows that the principal concept of regional autonomy in the new law is unconstitutional or inconsistent with the 1945 Constitution. The unconstitutionality lies in its contradiction against the spirit of decentralization with the widest autonomy possible contained within Article 18. Instead of implementing Article 18, new regional law has the centralistic paradigm of Article 4. If the implementation of the law is to persist, the 1945 Constitution must be revised on its substance that the foundation of the Law concerning Local Government lies in Article 4, instead of Article 18.Â DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v2n3.a1

Refleksi Fenomena Judicialization of Politics pada Politik Hukum Pembentukan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Perwira, Indra
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 13, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia

This paper aims to introduce the phenomenon of judicialization of politics in the treasury of legal thought in Indonesia. In addition, this paper also aims to reflect the presence of judicialization of politics in the Constitutional Court, either through legal policy on establishment of constitutional court or through its decisions. Theoretically, the phenomenon of judicialization of politics began to be known at the beginning of the 21st century characterized by the dependence of society to the court to resolve the issues related to morality, public policy, and political controversies. The presence of judicialization of politics can be reflected from the shift in the political settlement of the case which was originally made through political mechanisms to the settlement through a judicial mechanism. To see the phenomenon, this paper will explore the legal policy on establishment of the Constitutional Court. Through a historical perspective on the establishment, this paper would like to indicate that, in nature, the Constitutional Court is a political institution. In addition, this paper also analyzes the Constitutional Court decision in the case of judicial review on “Perpu” of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and the decision regarding the dispute Election East Java province in 2008, to show that the phenomenon of judicialization of politics has lived and practiced in the Constitutional Court as well.

NEGARA BANGSA POS-KOLONIAL SEBAGAI BASIS DALAM MENENTUKAN IDENTITAS KONSTITUSI INDONESIA: STUDI TERHADAP UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR 1945 Jhoner, Franko; Perwira, Indra; Harijanti, Susi Dwi
Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Vol 2, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran

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ABSTRAKKonstitusi negara modern pada dasarnya adalah perwujudan dari gagasan dan cita-cita kebangsaan yang kemudian dimanifestasikan seiring dengan berdirinya suatu negara bangsa. Konstitusi suatu negara modern bukan hanya memuat prinsip-prinsip, norma-norma, aturan-aturan, dan susunan organisasi negara, akan tetapi juga mengandung identitas nasional yang terbentuk dari gagasan pendirian negara bangsa sehingga membedakannya dengan konstitusi negara lain. Artikel ini membahas negara bangsa pos-kolonial menjadi basis dalam menentukan identitas konstitusi Indonesia dan apa saja yang menjadi unsur-unsur pembentuk identitas konstitusi Indonesia dan bagaimanakah implikasi hukumnya terhadap ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Indonesia sebagai negara bangsa pos-kolonial memiliki identitas nasional berupa semangat dekolonisasi. Oleh karena itu, dalam pembentukan konstitusi suatu negara modern selalu muncul upaya mewujudkan sistem sendiri. Dalam suatu konstitusi, terdapat norma-norma yang bersifat sebagai identitas nasional dan fundamental yang menjadi inti dari konstitusi yaitu ‘identitas konstitusi‘. Identitas konstitusi harus dijaga dan dilindungi dari upaya perubahan. Kata kunci: konstitusi, negara bangsa, pos-kolonial, Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. ABSTRACTConstitution of a modern state basically is a manifestation of nations’ ideas and goals which is institutionalized pararel to forming of the state. Constitution of a modern state is not only consist of priciples, norms, regulations and organizational matters, but also consist of national identitiy which is formed from the ideas behind state formation itself. These are factors that make constitutions difrent one another. Indonesia as post-colonial nation state has its national identity in a form of decolonialization spirit. Therefore, there is always effort to make unique system in the forming process of a constitution. A constitution has a fundamental national identitiy which becomes the core of the constitution; this is known as ‘constitutional identity’. The constitutional identity must be guarded and protected from changing process. Keywords: constitution, nation state, post-colonial, 1945 Constitution.DOI : https://doi.org/10.23920/jbmh.v2n2.11

Refleksi Fenomena Judicialization of Politics pada Politik Hukum Pembentukan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Perwira, Indra
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 13, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia

This paper aimsÂ toÂ introduceÂ theÂ phenomenonÂ ofÂ judicializationÂ ofÂ politics in the treasury ofÂ legalÂ thoughtÂ inÂ Indonesia.Â InÂ addition,Â thisÂ paperÂ alsoÂ aims to reflect the presence of judicialization of politics in theÂ ConstitutionalÂ Court, either through legal policyÂ onÂ establishmentÂ ofÂ constitutionalÂ courtÂ orÂ through its decisions. Theoretically, the phenomenon of judicialization of politics began to be known at the beginning of the 21st century characterized by the dependence of society to the court to resolve the issues related to morality, public policy, and political controversies. The presence of judicialization of politics can be reflected from the shift in the political settlement of the case which was originally made through political mechanisms to the settlement through a judicial mechanism. To see the phenomenon, this paper will explore the legal policy on establishment of the Constitutional Court. Through a historical perspective on the establishment, this paper would like to indicate that, in nature, the Constitutional Court is a political institution. In addition, this paper also analyzes the Constitutional Court decision in the case of judicial review on â€œPerpuâ€ of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and the decision regarding the dispute Election East Java province in 2008,Â to show that the phenomenon of judicialization of politics has lived and practicedÂ in the Constitutional Court as well.

The Juridical Impact of the Implementation of the Paradigm Regarding the Determination of the National Capital (IKN) of the Archipelago as an Asymmetric Region Ayyubi, Manggala; Perwira, Indra; Abdurrahman, Ali
JOELS: Journal of Election and Leadership Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): JOELS : Journal of Election and Leadership
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31849/joels.v4i2.16298

The relocation of the National Capital (IKN) of the archipelago to Kalimantan reaped pros and cons from the community. However, as a democratic country, when the State has decided to move the National Capital (IKN) of the archipelago with a democratic process through law, all components of the nation should support it. The Indonesian nation needs to minimize the excesses of moving the National Capital (IKN) of the Archipelago. There is no single decision that satisfies all people, but decisions that provide greater benefits to the Indonesian nation must be supported as a form of love and devotion for the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945. The results showed that and obstacles in determining the National Capital (IKN) of the archipelago as an asymmetric area as described in the discussion were imbalance, injustice, regional conflicts, coordination and integration, resource management, inadequate infrastructure, availability of public services, uneven economic development, lack of investment and private sector development, complex interagency coordination, and social and cultural change. And there is no concrete case study regarding the implementation of the National Capital (IKN) of the archipelago as an asymmetric area because this plan is still in the planning and discussion stage.

Presidential Partisanship in Indonesian Elections: A Legal and Ethical Analysis Zuhdi, Achmad; Suparman, Eman; Perwira, Indra; Nguindip, Nana Charles
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ius.v13i1.1635

Presidential involvement in electoral contests in Indonesia has increasingly raised concerns regarding the neutrality and integrity of democratic processes. Instances such as the politicization of social assistance programs, the strategic appointment of acting governors, and the active participation of ministers in campaign activities have highlighted the pervasive use of state resources for partisan interests. This study examines the permissibility of presidential political partiality in electoral contests from legal and ethical perspectives. Employing a normative legal research method with a statute and analytical approach, the study analyzes primary legal sources, including the 1945 Constitution and relevant electoral regulations, as well as secondary scholarly materials. The findings reveal that presidential partisanship is legally and ethically unjustifiable. Legally, procedural mechanisms, such as the requirement for mandatory leave during campaign activities, fail to guarantee factual neutrality and enable covert partisanship. A systematic and teleological interpretation of Article 299 paragraph (1) of the Election Law demonstrates that the right to campaign applies exclusively to presidents running as candidates, not to incumbents who are not contesting. Ethically, presidential partiality violates principles of impartiality and moral legitimacy, undermining the president’s role as a unifying symbol of national integrity. The study emphasizes the urgent need for regulatory reforms and ethical standards to reinforce fairness and uphold public trust in Indonesia’s electoral process.

Arah Hukum dan Kebijakan Kesehatan dalam Pemerintahan Kabinet Merah Putih: Tinjauan Kritis Terhadap Upaya Peningkatan Derajat Kesehatan Masyarakat Alexander Samosir, Tony Richard; Perwira, Indra; Sudaryat, Sudaryat
Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 6 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/japendi.v6i6.7776

Kesehatan merupakan hak setiap masyarakat di belahan dunia mana pun termasuk di Indonesia. Negara Indonesia sendiri juga memiliki beragam program kesehatan strategis yang ditujukan bagi seluruh rakyatnya di seluruh pelosok tanah air seperti: pemeriksaan kesehatan gratis untuk semua kelompok umur, penurunan kasus tuberkulosis (TBC), dan pembangunan rumah sakit berkualitas di daerah terpencil dan tertinggal. Kebijakan utama seperti regulasi tentang kesehatan dan jaminan sosial pun sudah tersedia. Tetapi, terdapat beragam kendala di lapangan mengingat, status ekonomi sosial masyarakat yang tidak serupa, serta kondisi demografis dan geografis serta ketersediaan sarana dan fasilitas kesehatan yang berbeda satu sama lainnya. Fakta ini menimbulkan permasalahan mengenai bagaimana arah hukum dan kebijakan kesehatan yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah Kabinet Merah Putih dalam menjawab tantangan peningkatan derajat kesehatan masyarakat, khususnya melalui program pemeriksaan kesehatan gratis, penanggulangan tuberkulosis, dan pembangunan rumah sakit di daerah terpencil; serta sejauh mana efektivitas implementasi kebijakan kesehatan prioritas tersebut dalam mengatasi ketimpangan akses layanan kesehatan, meningkatkan kualitas sistem layanan, serta memperkuat perlindungan hukum atas hak kesehatan warga negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan hukum normatif-empiris dalam kerangka refleksi-kritis. Hasil penelitian menemukan; Pertama, Arah hukum dan kebijakan kesehatan yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah Kabinet Merah Putih belum terwujud menyeluruh secara maksimal akibat kendala digitalisasi kesehatan dan masalah demografis serta geografis masyarakat di Indonesia, dan Kedua, Efektivitas implementasi kebijakan kesehatan prioritas, masih terbentur dengan situasi dan kondisi sarana, fasilitas, serta SDM di lapangan

The Absence of Judicial Review on Constitutional Amendments in Indonesia: Urgency and Legal Reform for Constitutional Safeguards Nggilu, Novendri M.; Zulkifli, Zulkifli; Chami, Yassine; Perwira, Indra; Abdurahman, Ali
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): April, 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v6i2.20888

The judicial review of constitutional amendments remains underexplored in Indonesia’s legal framework despite its recognition in global constitutional discourse. Several jurisdictions, including India, Germany, and Colombia, Turkey have established judicial safeguards to prevent amendments from undermining fundamental constitutional principles. This study aims to propose a judicial review model for constitutional amendments in Indonesia to ensure the protection of constitutional identity and democratic principles. Using a comparative legal approach, this study examines international judicial practices alongside a normative analysis of Indonesia’s constitutional framework. The findings highlight three key justifications for judicial review in Indonesia: historical, philosophical-juridical, and sociological. Historically, constitutional transitions have often violated procedural norms, as seen in the 1959 Presidential Decree, which reinstated the 1945 Constitution through executive action. Philosophically, Pancasila, as Indonesia’s foundational ideology, holds a supra-constitutional status and should serve as a benchmark for amendment review. Sociologically, the absence of review mechanisms exposes constitutional amendments to political manipulation, such as attempts to extend presidential term limits. This study advocates for an a posteriori judicial review model, granting the Constitutional Court the authority to assess amendments post-enactment. This model aligns with international practices and strengthens constitutional safeguards against politically motivated amendments. Implementing such a mechanism would uphold constitutional supremacy, democracy, and the rule of law in Indonesia.

Constitutional Repair through Opposition Reform: Designing the Right of the Opposition and Incentive Systems to Counter Democratic Deterioration in Indonesia Susanto, Mei; Harijanti, Susi Dwi; Perwira, Indra; Hernawan, Muhammad Yoppy Adhi
Jambura Law Review VOLUME 7 NO. 2 JULY 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jlr.v7i2.29349

This article explores the deterioration of democracy in Indonesia attributed to the lack of effective opposition within its presidential multiparty system. The dominance of fat coalitions in the legislature has undermined the checks and balances function of the House of Representatives (DPR), reducing it to a body that merely approves government proposals including problematic legislation and controversial public programs without meaningful scrutiny. The lack of institutional support and incentives for opposition parties has contributed to this dysfunction, as coalition participation offers access to public office, funding, and legal protection, while opposition yields none. In response, this article proposes the institutionalization of the Rights of the Opposition, which includes: the right to hold leadership positions in DPR organizational bodies; special rights in the legislative process such as the right to delay the deliberation of constitutionally significant or publicly controversial bills; the right to initiate and lead oversight mechanisms; influence budget deliberations; and participate in the appointment of public officials. It also outlines the need for specific incentives such as protocol privileges, financial resources for policy research, and eligibility for state honours. Framed within the concept of constitutional repair, the article identifies key pathways for reform based on four interrelated aspects: specificity, feasibility, temporality, and priority. These reforms aim to strengthen the DPR’s capacity for oversight and restore its role as a democratic counterbalance to executive power.

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