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All Journal Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan Dinamika Hukum Masalah-Masalah Hukum LAW REFORM DE JURE JURNAL LITIGASI (e-Journal) Jurnal IUS (Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan) Jurnal Wawasan Yuridika Substantive Justice International Journal of Law Jambe Law Journal Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Unes Law Review Jambura Law Review ADLIYA: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum Pagaruyuang Law Journal Journal of Law Science Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI Cepalo SIGn Jurnal Hukum Mulawarman Law Review AL-Ishlah : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum International Journal of Law and Public Policy (IJLAPP) Lampung Journal of International Law (LaJIL) LEGAL BRIEF Journal of Judicial Review Hukum Responsif : Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Hukum Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon RIO LAW JURNAL Jurnal Hukum Malahayati Suloh : Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi Audi Et AP : Jurnal Penelitian Hukum JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Trunojoyo Law Review Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Jurnal Sosial dan Sains Jurnal Smart Hukum (JSH) Journal of Constitutional Law Society (JCLS) SmartComp Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Law & Pass : International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies Hakamain: Journal of Sharia and Law Studies Integralistik Journal of Indonesian Constitutional Law "Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development " JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies)
Firdaus Arifin, Firdaus
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Religion Humanities Astronomy Computer Science & IT Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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From Cultural Heritage to Ethical Obligations: Rethinking Animal Shows in Jurisprudence Tedjabuwana, Rosa; Arifin, Firdaus; Adriansyah, Rian Nurul
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 10, No 1 (2025): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v10i1.4055

Abstract

This paper explores the tension between the preservation of cultural heritage and the growing ethical obligations toward animal welfare, with a focus on animal shows as a site of conflict. Rooted in longstanding traditions, animal shows often carry significant cultural and historical value, serving as expressions of communal identity and continuity. However, they also raise profound ethical concerns regarding the treatment and welfare of animals, particularly when practices involve cruelty or exploitation for human entertainment. Adopting a jurisprudential perspective, the paper critically examines how legal systems navigate this tension. It analyses the extent to which laws accommodate cultural traditions while addressing moral imperatives to protect sentient beings. Through case studies from various jurisdictions, the study evaluates legal frameworks that attempt to balance cultural relativism with universal principles of animal rights. Drawing on theories of legal pluralism, cultural relativism, and utilitarian ethics—particularly Peter Singer’s principle of equal consideration—the paper interrogates the adequacy of existing regulatory mechanisms and the moral underpinnings of legal decisions. The analysis culminates in a call for rethinking jurisprudential approaches to animal shows, advocating for legal reforms that harmonize cultural preservation with ethical progress. By proposing pathways for integrating cultural sensitivity with animal welfare protections, this paper seeks to contribute to a more compassionate and equitable legal landscape that respects both human heritage and nonhuman sentience
Environment as a Legal Subject in the Reconstruction of Indonesia’s Environmental Law Fernando, Zico Junius; Sinaga, Lestari; Iskandar, Iskandar; Mardin, Nurhayati; Arifin, Firdaus
Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): January-June, 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijel.v4i1.20146

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the new paradigm of recognizing the environment as a legal subject within Indonesia's legal system and its implications for environmental law enforcement. Driven by the increasingly complex environmental crisis caused by natural resource exploitation, environmental degradation, and climate change, this paradigm introduces an eco-centric approach and the theory of biocentric justice. The concept acknowledges the environment as a legal entity with intrinsic rights to exist, develop, and be restored when damaged. The research employs a normative approach with qualitative analysis methods and comparative studies of countries such as Ecuador, Bolivia, New Zealand and India which have implemented the recognition of the environment as a legal subject. The findings indicate that recognizing the environment as a legal subject in Indonesia requires comprehensive legal reforms, including constitutional amendments, the enactment of specific laws on environmental rights, strengthening law enforcement institutions, and empowering communities. This recognition is expected to enhance environmental law enforcement, establish ecological justice, and promote sustainable development. Therefore, this paradigm not only serves as a solution to the environmental crisis but also reflects Indonesia's commitment to Pancasila values and the sustainability of future generations.  
Legal and Constitutional Gaps in Strategic Environmental Assessment: Between Formality and Substantive Environmental Protection in Indonesia Arifin, Firdaus; Rahayu, Mella Ismelina Farma; Maarif, Ihsanul; Susanto, Anthon F; Murbani, Anastasia Wahyu
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ius.v13i2.1698

Abstract

The Indonesian Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is governed by Law No. 32 of 2009 on Protection and Management of the Environment. However, the implementation of Strategic Environmental Assessment still faces significant challenges, especially in fulfilling the constitutional rights of citizens to a healthy and sustainable environment. The misalignment between Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) practices and constitutional principles, particularly regarding transparency, public participation, and environmental justice, has contributed to violations of environmental rights and the perpetuation of social injustice in the development processes. This study aims to analyze the constitutionality of SEA’s application in the context of sustainable development in Indonesia. This study uses a normative legal method with legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The research results indicate that the implementation of SEA is still inconsistent with the Constitution, particularly in protecting environmental rights. Weakness of oversight and the lack of sanctions for violations of the Environmental Impact Assessment are the main obstacles to its implementation. This study has implications for the need for reforms in law enforcement, strengthening of oversight, and increasing community participation in the SEA process to ensure environmental protection and citizens’ constitutional rights.
Institutional Configuration and Competence of the Special Judiciary for Regional Election Disputes: A Comparative Study and Prospects for Implementation Arifin, Firdaus; Maarif, Ihsanul; Suryana, Cece; Sugiarti, Taty; Murbani, Anastasia Wahyu
Jambura Law Review VOLUME 7 NO. 2 JULY 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jlr.v7i2.30949

Abstract

The dispute resolution system for Regional Head Elections in Indonesia continues to face challenges related to fragmented authority, inconsistencies in judicial decisions, and procedural limitations, which may lead to legal uncertainty and undermine the legitimacy of election outcomes. This study aims to explore the weaknesses of the existing system and propose a more effective institutional model for resolving Pilkada disputes. Employing a normative legal approach with a comparative study method, this research analyzes electoral judicial systems in Mexico, the Philippines, and Germany to identify institutional principles that can be adapted to the Indonesian legal framework. Additionally, this study examines the national legal framework, including Constitutional Court rulings on Pilkada dispute resolution, to assess the effectiveness and limitations of the current mechanisms. The findings indicate that Indonesia’s Pilkada dispute resolution system still suffers from overlapping jurisdiction among institutions, inconsistencies in judicial rulings, and delays in dispute resolution processes. Comparative analysis suggests that a more integrated system, is more effective in ensuring legal certainty and judicial independence. Therefore, this study recommends the establishment of a specialized judicial body for Pilkada disputes, endowed with exclusive jurisdiction, institutional independence, and a transparent and expedited dispute resolution process. The implications of this research highlight that institutional reform in Pilkada dispute resolution is crucial for enhancing public trust in the electoral judicial system, strengthening electoral democracy, and upholding the rule of law in Indonesia’s  Regional Head Elections  process.
DISSEMINATION OF COMMUNISM/MARXISM-LENINISM AS POLITICAL OFFENSE IN INDONESIAN: NATIONAL SECURITY PROTECTION OR ACADEMIC FREEDOM THREAT Fernando, Zico Junius; Arifin, Firdaus; Sitepu, Sudirman
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 2 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.2.2025.115-135

Abstract

This study examines Indonesia’s historical relationship with Communism and Marxism-Leninism, ideologies linked to the Madiun Rebellion of 1948 and the 1965 attempted coup. Despite the collapse of the Soviet Union and the global decline of Communist influence, legal provisions criminalizing the dissemination of Communism under the Indonesian Penal Code remain, raising concerns about academic freedom. These laws potentially restrict scholarly discussions and research, particularly concerning the 1965 events, both in academic settings and digital platforms. Using doctrinal legal research and comparative insights from Germany and Hungary, this study concludes that criminalizing Communist dissemination is no longer appropriate in Indonesia's current socio-political context. Legal protections should instead focus on safeguarding public interest and the rights of those affected by the 1965 events. Moreover, the vague formulation of Articles 188 and 189 of the Indonesian Penal Code poses a threat to academic freedom. The research suggests that policymakers reconsider these legal provisions and develop a clearer, more precise definition of “clear and present danger” to balance national security concerns with academic freedom. This study contributes to the debate on legal reform, highlighting the need for an updated approach that allows open academic discourse while respecting the rights of those affected by historical events.
The Constitutionality of E-Voting in the Transformation of Digital Democracy: A Normative Analysis and Implications for Electoral Legitimacy Arifin, Firdaus; Maarif, Ihsanul; Suryana, Cece; Permana, Fikri Chandra; Murbani, Anastasia Wahyu
Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Legal Transformation and Policy Challenges in Indonesia: Navigating Technology
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.v10i1.21193

Abstract

Digital technology has changed many parts of life, including how democracies and elections work. Electronic voting, or E-Voting, is a new idea that could make elections better and more open for everyone. But Indonesia still has big problems with putting it into practice. These problems involve legal issues, technical difficulties, and whether people trust elections that use technology. This study looks at if E-Voting fits Indonesia's constitution, what the main problems are, and what other countries do that Indonesia could use. This research uses legal analysis, comparing different systems, and looking at ideas about democratic rules. The results show that Indonesia does not have clear rules for digital elections. This causes problems with legal certainty and could lead to arguments about election results. Also, online security risks and differences in how well people understand technology are important things that could affect how well E-Voting works. The study also found that countries like Estonia, Switzerland, and Brazil have used E-Voting well. They did this by using strong digital checks, strict rules, and independent groups to watch over the process. This study suggests that E-Voting could make Indonesia's democracy more modern. However, it must be put in place slowly, with good rules, and with programs to teach people about digital technology. So, changing laws, making online security better, and teaching voters are important steps. These steps will help make sure that changing to digital elections supports democratic ideas, fair elections, and the power of the people.
Perkembangan Ilmu Hukum Tata Negara Dalam Perspektif Demokrasi dan Rule of Law di Indonesia Sari Gustriani, Wulan; Aswata, I Gede Pantja; Arifin, Firdaus; Noval , Sayid Mohammad Rifqi
Jurnal sosial dan sains Vol. 5 No. 9 (2025): Jurnal Sosial dan Sains
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/jurnalsosains.v5i9.32494

Abstract

This study examines the development of Constitutional Law in Indonesia from the perspective of democracy and the rule of law using a normative legal research method. The evolution of Indonesia’s constitutional system since independence reveals close ties with the dynamics of democracy, ranging from the early parliamentary system, guided democracy, and the authoritarian New Order, to the constitutional reforms that strengthened checks and balances. The application of the rule of law affirms the constitution as the highest norm and a substantive instrument of democracy, although in practice it still faces challenges such as weak law enforcement, political intervention, and a lack of legal culture. The findings confirm that Constitutional Law in Indonesia is never static but continually evolves according to political configurations, social dynamics, and historical needs. The study highlights the importance of consistently strengthening the rule of law to ensure constitutional law functions effectively in safeguarding justice, human rights, and democratic resilience in Indonesia.
Ambiguity and Contestation in Legal Standing Restrictions: Rethinking Public Interest and Constitutional Rights in Indonesia Arifin, Firdaus; Maarif, Ihsanul; Bahri, Robi Assadul; Suryana, Cece; Md. Nor, Mohd Zakhiri
Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi Vol. 8 Issue 2 (2025) Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Profesor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/volksgeist.v8i2.13192

Abstract

In Indonesia, the rules governing that can bring a legal case to the Constitutional Court often unclear and unevenly applied. This creates challenges for individuals and communities trying to protect their constitutional rights. In this article, we take a critical look at these obstacles by examining the Court’s past decisions. We show how the current legal framework overlooks issues of collective harm and structural inequalities, particularly affecting marginalized groups. To better understand these issues, we compare Indonesia’s approach to those of India, South Africa, and the United States, seeking out more inclusive models of judicial decision-making. Our findings show that Indonesia’s focus on specific interpretations of direct and personal harm limits the judiciary’s ability to meet its constitutional responsibilities. The paper draws on insights from other countries as well as Indonesia’s own legal traditions, such as adat (customary law) and musyawarah (deliberation), to propose a more inclusive and culturally sensitive approach to legal standing. We recommend several specific reforms, including rethinking existing laws, creating clearer judicial guidelines, and providing targeted judicial training for judges to improve access to constitutional justice for everyone.
Evaluating the Election Law in Indonesia for Strengthening Democracy and Ensuring Honest and Fair Elections Huda, Uu Nurul; Arifin, Firdaus; Susanto, Anthon F; Abdullah, Mohd Kamarulnizam
LAW REFORM Vol 21, No 2 (2025): Law Reform
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER ILMU HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/lr.v21i2.66848

Abstract

Indonesia’s electoral law established the framework to uphold democracy through free and fair elections. However, its implementation faces structural and procedural weaknesses that undermine effectiveness and public trust. This study employs a legal approach to examine these weaknesses, problems, and propose corresponding reforms. Key issues include overlapping authority among the General Elections Commission, the Election Supervisory Agency, and the Election Organizer Ethics Council; weak campaign oversight due to limited resources; unclear legal definitions; lenient sanctions for violations; and challenges in enforcing strict reporting deadlines. Additionally, systemic problems such as the open-list proportional system and the presidential threshold restrict political competition and foster transactional politics. To address these, the study recommends legal and institutional reforms: clarifying institutional roles, enhancing inter-agency coordination, strengthening campaign finance regulation with digital transparency systems, and improving enforcement mechanisms and sanctions. Further, revising the electoral system and threshold requirements, alongside introducing merit-based recruitment and whistleblower protections, are proposed to ensure inclusiveness, accountability, and democratic integrity. These measures aim to create a transparent, fair, and credible electoral process that reinforces democratic principles in Indonesia.
From Legal Formalism to Algorithmic Justice: Rethinking Consumer Protection in the Digital Economy Prihartanto, Yudi; Arifin, Firdaus; Maarif, Ihsanul; Kwarteng, Abdul Hamid
Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Supremasi Hukum
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/gqmmwr98

Abstract

The rapid expansion of the digital economy has challenged traditional notions of consumer protection, which historically relied on reactive and positivist legal principles. Increasing data commodification, the pervasive role of algorithms, and structural power asymmetries expose the inadequacy of existing legal doctrines to safeguard fairness in digital transactions. This study seeks to address a critical research gap by reconceptualizing consumer protection law through the lens of algorithmic justice and participatory digital rights. Employing a normative legal methodology combined with comparative and critical approaches, the research analyzes doctrinal evolution across jurisdictions such as the European Union, Brazil, and Indonesia. The findings reveal three major shifts. First, consumer law must move beyond post-transaction liability toward proactive models of oversight, including algorithm audits and design-based compliance. Second, legal doctrines should redefine the consumer as a relational subject embedded in data-driven ecosystems, rather than a rational and autonomous actor. Third, consumer rights need to be embedded within constitutional and ethical frameworks to ensure long-term enforceability and democratic legitimacy. The study contributes theoretically by advancing an interdisciplinary paradigm of consumer law that integrates digital fairness, equity, and human dignity. Practically, it offers strategic directions for regulators and policymakers in designing responsive frameworks that anticipate risks, enhance accountability, and strengthen consumer agency in the digital era.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Mohd Kamarulnizam Abdullah, Mohd. Kamarulnizam Bin Adriansyah, Rian Nurul Akhiar, Habibul Al Dhaheri, Luma Ali Faraj Arif Budiman Aswata, I Gede Pantja Bunyamin Bunyamin Eko Nuriyatman Fadly, Deni Farma, Mella Ismelina Fernando, Zico Junius I Gde Pantja Astawa Ihsanul Maarif, Ihsanul Iskandar Iskandar Kusumah, Fardana Kwarteng, Abdul Hamid M. Yasin Al Arif Maarif, Ihsanul Majasius, Damarkunsi Md. Nor, Mohd Zakhiri Mella Ismelina Farma Rahayu Mohammad Humam Muhamad Adystia Sunggara Murbani, Anastasia Wahyu Novendri M Nggilu Nurhayati Mardin Permana, Fikri Chandra Prihartanto, Yudi Putra Perdana Ahmad Saifulloh Qutieshat, Enas Rahmadhani , Sri Ramadhani, Susi Robi Assadul Bahri Rusli Subrata Saraya, Sitta Sari Gustriani, Wulan Sarjo, Musa Sayid Muhammad Rifqi Noval Sinaga, Lestari Sudirman SItepu Sueni, Annisa Sabilla Sugiarti, Taty Sulaiman, Dindha Shahrazade Sulastri, Dewi Suryana, Cece Susanto, Anthon F Syamsir Syamsir Taufiq Abidin, Taufiq Tedjabuwana, Rosa Uu Nurul Huda, Uu Nurul Yeti Kurniati Zulaika, Almira Novia