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Performance and Emission Characteristics Using Dual Injection System of Gasoline and Ethanol Bambang Sulistyo; Herminarto Sofyan; Thomas Sukardi; Agus Widyianto
Automotive Experiences Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.8070

Abstract

This study successfully investigated the engine performance and emission characteristics of a dual injection system that uses both gasoline and ethanol fuels. The study utilized a microcontroller-based control system (PGM-FI) to substitute ethanol fuel injection for gasoline injection. Ethanol fuel was injected at the inlet with three different pressures: 1.0 bar, 1.2 bar, and 1.4 bar, while gasoline injector pressure was fixed at 2 bar. Results showed that substituting ethanol injection with a pressure of 1 bar resulted in a slight decrease in torque and power, but it was the best compared to the other pressures tested. The study found that the use of ethanol injection resulted in improved fuel economy at an ethanol injector pressure of 1 bar with a reduction in SFC of 8.89%. Exhaust emissions were also reduced, with a maximum reduction in CO emissions of 42.54% occurring at a pressure of 1 bar. Similarly, the lowest HC content in exhaust gas was observed at a pressure of 1 bar, which was reduced by 44.48%. However, the results highlighted that ethanol injection pressure could significantly reduce fuel consumption for case A-04 and increase the air-fuel ratio.
Campur Kode dan Alih Kode dalam Pembelajaran Pada Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Ogan Kemering Ulu Bambang Sulistyo; Wikanengsih Wikanengsih; Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa Vol 14, No 1 (2025): Ranah: jurnal Kajian Bahasa
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/rnh.v14i1.8270

Abstract

This study explores the use of code switching and code mixing in elementary education in Ogan Kemering Ulu (OKU) Regency. The main objectives of this study were to identify patterns of code switching and code mixing, factors that influence their use, and their impact on student understanding and engagement. The study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection through classroom observation and semi-structured interviews. This study found that code switching and code mixing are often used by teachers to facilitate student understanding, especially in subjects that use abstract concepts in learning activities. The use of regional languages (Ogan) in teacher explanations helps students understand material that is difficult to understand in Indonesian when the teacher explains. This study also identifies factors that influence the use of code switching and code mixing, such as students' language abilities and socio-cultural contexts. Although the use of these strategies can increase student engagement and participation, there are concerns about the dependence on the mother tongue that can hinder the mastery of Indonesian. The conclusion of the study is that the use of code switching and code mixing strategies in moderation and strategically is important to create an inclusive learning environment and support students' cognitive development and language acquisition. This study contributes to the development of more effective and inclusive teaching practices in multilingual classrooms, as well as providing insights for educational policies in areas with linguistic diversity. Abstrak Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi penggunaan alih kode dan campur kode dalam pendidikan dasar di Kabupaten Ogan Kemering Ulu (OKU). Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pola penggunaan alih kode dan campur kode, faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penggunaannya, serta dampaknya terhadap pemahaman dan keterlibatan siswa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi kelas dan wawancara semi-terstruktur. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa alih kode dan campur kode sering digunakan oleh guru untuk memfasilitasi pemahaman siswa, terutama dalam mata pelajaran yang menggunakan konsep-konsep abstrak yang abstrak pada kegiatan pembelajaran. Penggunaan bahasa daerah (Ogan) dalam penjelasan guru membantu siswa memahami materi yang sulit dipahami dalam bahasa Indonesia ketika guru menjelaskan. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penggunaan alih kode dan campur kode, seperti kemampuan bahasa siswa dan konteks sosial budaya. Meskipun penggunaan strategi ini dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan dan partisipasi siswa, terdapat kekhawatiran mengenai ketergantungan pada bahasa ibu yang dapat menghambat penguasaan bahasa Indonesia. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah penggunaan strategi alih kode dan campur kode secara moderat dan strategis penting untuk menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang inklusif dan mendukung perkembangan kognitif serta penguasaan bahasa siswa. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan praktik pengajaran yang lebih efektif dan inklusif di kelas multibahasa, serta memberikan wawasan bagi kebijakan pendidikan di daerah yang memiliki keragaman linguistik.