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The Role of Sole Proprietorships and Notaries in Developing Female MSME Entrepreneurs in Sumatera Handayani, Rohana Amelia Putri; Rouli Anita Velentina
Journal of Law and Policy Transformation Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Internasional Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37253/jlpt.v10i2.11492

Women-led micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Sumatra continue to face structural barriers, particularly limited access to formal legal status, capital, and regulatory certainty. This study aims to analyze the role of the Sole Limited Liability Company (Sole LLC) framework and Notaries in supporting the development of female MSME entrepreneurs in Sumatra, as well as to identify the key factors inhibiting their business growth. The research employs a normative juridical approach supported by literature review and secondary data analysis on regulatory frameworks and MSME conditions in Indonesia. The findings indicate that the Sole LLC mechanism simplifies business legalization for individual entrepreneurs, reduces administrative burdens, and enhances access to financial institutions. Notaries play a strategic role in ensuring legal certainty, facilitating business establishment, and providing legal guidance that strengthens institutional legitimacy. However, legal facilitation alone is insufficient without parallel improvements in financial literacy, digital capacity, and policy outreach. This study contributes to the discourse on women’s economic empowerment by demonstrating that legal institutional reform—particularly through simplified corporate structures and professional legal support—can function as a structural enabler of inclusive economic development, while highlighting the need for integrated policy support beyond formal legalization.

Sovereign Wealth Fund (Swf) Institution: Roles And Challenges Of The Indonesia Investment Authority (Ina) Vincent Guo; Rouli Anita Velentina
Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 6 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia (Japendi)
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/japendi.v6i6.7963

Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) is a term in the realm of finance that refers to a state-owned financing institution. One of the Sovereign Wealth Funds owned by the Indonesian government, the Indonesia Investment Authority (INA), has been operational since 2024. As a progressive step in the development of Sovereign Wealth Funds in Indonesia, INA can be considered successful as a state investment management institution that has attracted the attention of foreign investors. Since its establishment, INA has played a role in driving investments in infrastructure, transportation, logistics, digitalization, healthcare, food security, green energy, and sustainable development. The sectors funded by INA range from geothermal energy in the green energy sector, the Belawan terminal infrastructure project, until Plasma Derivative Drug Products in healthcare. However, INA’s success is also accompanied by challenges, such as securing prospective investors, balancing economic interests with sustainable developmental priorities, and the impact of the global economic slowdown on investor confidence. Additionally, regulatory challenges—including policy alignment and even jurisdictional conflicts with other government institutions—are critical concerns for INA’s future growth. This research attempts to elaborate on the role of INA in the development of the Indonesian economy and the challenges faced by INA as Indonesia’s Sovereign Wealth Fund.

Party Autonomy, Separability, and Justice in Letter of Credit Dispute Supriyadi, Mohammad Wangsit; Velentina, Rouli Anita; Kumar, Sanjeev; Chhachhar, Varun
UIR Law Review Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): UIR Law Review
Publisher : UIR Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/uirlrev.2026.vol10(1).29415

International commercial disputes frequently involve multiple interconnected yet legally independent agreements, including engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contracts, letters of credit (L/Cs), and bank account agreements. Although the principle of party autonomy permits contracting parties to select their preferred dispute resolution forum, conflicting jurisdiction clauses across related agreements create fragmented jurisdiction and legal uncertainty. This study examines the legal problem of determining the competent forum when forum selection clauses in interconnected contracts are inconsistent. Using a normative juridical method and a case study of Central Jakarta District Court Decision No. 362/Pdt.G/2017/PN Jkt.Pst., affirmed on appeal, cassation, and judicial review, the research analyzes judicial reasoning in resolving competing jurisdictional claims. The findings reveal that the court asserted jurisdiction by treating the L/C as an integral component of the EPC payment mechanism, thereby subordinating disputes arising from the L/C and related banking arrangements to the forum selection clause in the EPC contract. This reasoning overlooks the principles of party autonomy and the autonomy (separability) of letters of credit, potentially undermining legal certainty in international commercial transactions. The study contributes to private international law scholarship by proposing a more coherent framework for resolving fragmented jurisdiction through greater recognition of the separability principle and the independent legal character of banking instruments.

Towards Inclusive Financial Services: The Responsibility Of Financial Sector Business Actors In Providing Disability-Friendly Services Davina Azzahra Aldien; Rouli Anita Velentina
International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol 5 No 5 (2026): IJHESS APRIL 2026
Publisher : CV. AFDIFAL MAJU BERKAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v5i5.2224

This study aims to analyze the responsibility of financial sector business actors (PUSK) in providing inclusive financial services for persons with disabilities. The main focus of this study is the SETARA Guidelines on Accessible Financial Services for Empowered Persons with Disabilities, issued by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) as a reference. The method used is normative juridical with a regulatory approach, through a literature study of laws, regulations, and related policy documents, including Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. The study’s results show that the SETARA Guidelines have comprehensively formulated accessibility principles across six service aspects: physical infrastructure, digital infrastructure, service sensitivity, document accessibility, complaint mechanisms, and assistance. However, the implementation of these guidelines still depends on the commitment of each PUSK. This may potentially create access gaps for consumers with disabilities and does not yet guarantee the fulfillment of their rights to equal financial services. The study recommends integrating the principles of the SETARA Guidelines into mandatory regulations and strengthening the role of the OJK in compliance supervision. These efforts are necessary as part of the transformation towards an inclusive and equitable national financial system.

The Role of Sole Proprietorships and Notaries in Developing Female MSME Entrepreneurs in Sumatera Rohana Amelia Putri Handayani; Rouli Anita Velentina
Journal of Law and Policy Transformation Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Internasional Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37253/jlpt.v10i2.11492

Women-led micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Sumatra continue to face structural barriers, particularly limited access to formal legal status, capital, and regulatory certainty. This study aims to analyze the role of the Sole Limited Liability Company (Sole LLC) framework and Notaries in supporting the development of female MSME entrepreneurs in Sumatra, as well as to identify the key factors inhibiting their business growth. The research employs a normative juridical approach supported by literature review and secondary data analysis on regulatory frameworks and MSME conditions in Indonesia. The findings indicate that the Sole LLC mechanism simplifies business legalization for individual entrepreneurs, reduces administrative burdens, and enhances access to financial institutions. Notaries play a strategic role in ensuring legal certainty, facilitating business establishment, and providing legal guidance that strengthens institutional legitimacy. However, legal facilitation alone is insufficient without parallel improvements in financial literacy, digital capacity, and policy outreach. This study contributes to the discourse on women’s economic empowerment by demonstrating that legal institutional reform—particularly through simplified corporate structures and professional legal support—can function as a structural enabler of inclusive economic development, while highlighting the need for integrated policy support beyond formal legalization.

PERAN REGULASI TINGKAT KOMPONEN DALAM NEGERI (TKDN) DALAM KERJA SAMA PEMERINTAH DAN BADAN USAHA (KPBU) PADA SEKTOR INFRASTRUKTUR DI INDONESIA DAN NEGARA ASEAN: TANTANGAN DALAM INVESTASI ASING Salsabila Sofwah; Wilson Delion; M Daffa Sahrim Wira; Arenza Ravandito; Rouli Anita Velentina
Jurnal Yuridis Vol 12 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Yuridis
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35586/jyur.v12i1.11297

This study examines the role of local content requirements regulations in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) schemes within Indonesia’s infrastructure sector, and compares it with Vietnam’s policy approach. Local content requirements regulations aim to strengthen domestic industries, create employment, and reduce reliance on imported products by prioritizing the use of local goods and services. However, their implementation also presents challenges, especially in attracting foreign investors who require flexibility in supply chains and technology access. The case study of the Cirata Floating Solar Power Plant project illustrates the technical and administrative application of local content requirements and how foreign investors adjust their business strategies accordingly. Compared to Vietnam, which adopts a more incentive-based approach through price preferences without explicit TKDN obligations—Indonesia enforces stricter requirements. The study emphasizes the need for a balanced policy that protects local industries while fostering a competitive investment climate to ensure sustainable infrastructure development. Keywords : local content requirements, PPP, foreign investment, infrastructure

Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF): Comparison between Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia Vincent Guo; Rouli Anita Velentina
Unram Law Review Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Unram Law Review (ULREV)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ulrev.v9i2.435

Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) is a state-owned investment institution that is professionally managed to secure financial surpluses, such as natural resource revenues or foreign exchange reserves. SWF aims to support economic stability, income diversification, and long-term development. Since 2020, the Indonesian Government has begun to strengthen the direction of its investment policy by establishing national SWFs, namely the Indonesia Investment Authority (INA) and Daya Anagata Nusantara (Danantara). The establishment of these two institutions is based on regulations such as the Job Creation Law, the BUMN Law, and their implementing regulations. In a global context, the concept of SWF has developed since 1953 and is standardized through the Santiago Principles by the IMF and the International Forum of Sovereign Wealth Funds. This study aims to examine the structure, role, and effectiveness of Indonesia’s SWF, and compare it with the SWF models in Singapore (Temasek and GIC) and Malaysia (Khazanah and 1MDB). Through a comparative approach, this study provides a more comprehensive picture of Indonesia’s position in SWF management and lessons learned from successful and failed SWFs in neighboring countries.

DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE (ESG) DI INDONESIA TERHADAP DAYA TARIK INVESTOR GLOBAL: STUDI KOMPARASI DENGAN JEPANG Salwa Fakhirah; Rena Elvaretta Suryatantra; Rouli Anita Velentina Napitupulu
Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL PARADIGMA HUKUM PEMBANGUNAN – AGUSTUS 2026
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v11i2.8322

This study examines the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) policies on foreign investors' decisions to invest in Indonesia, while also comparing the situation with Japan's ESG policies. ESG serves as a framework for measuring the extent to which a company's business operations align with sustainability principles. A country's ESG policies influence foreign investor interest, as they often serve as key indicators of profitability and corporate governance. Japan strongly supports the implementation of ESG principles in its investment and financial policies through major strategic directives on sustainable finance. Furthermore, Japan's ESG policies aim to engage companies and relevant stakeholders in efforts to enhance the country's appeal to foreign investors. Compared to Japan's policies, this study suggests that Indonesia should adopt more comprehensive ESG policies.

Tanggung Jawab Notaris Dalam Legalisasi Dokumen Warga Negara Asing Menurut Konvensi Apostille Reza Ria Nanda; Rouli Anita Velentina
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): MAY
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v5i1.4920

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the policy of the Apostille Convention in Indonesia and the responsibilities of a notary in the document legalization process. A simpler legalization process with less time and cost is comprehensively regulated in The Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirements for Legalization for Foreign Public Documents 1961 (Apostille Convention). A notary is a public official who is authorized to make deeds and other authorities. The duties and work of a notary are not only to make authentic deeds but also to register and ratify underhanded deeds, namely legalization and waarmerking efforts. Notaries have a role in the Apostille Convention which has been accessed by Indonesia as a public official who legalizes every deed legalized by the parties. This study questions the legalization of foreign public documents in Indonesia after the Apostille Convention comes into effect and the legal responsibilities of a notary in the document legalization process after the Apostille Convention comes into effect in Indonesia. The conclusion of this study is that the Apostille Convention aims to simplify the authentication of public documents to be used abroad by removing the requirements for legalization, which is often time-consuming and expensive and still requires the role of an authorized notary in legalizing foreign public documents.Tujuan dari tulisan ini untuk menganalisis kebijakan Konvensi Apostille di Indonesia dan tanggung jawab Notaris dalam proses legalisasi dokumen. Proses legalisasi yang lebih sederhana dengan waktu dan biaya yang tidak begitu banyak, diatur secara komprehensif dalam The Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement for Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents 1961 (Apostille Convention). Notaris adalah pejabat umum yang berwenang dalam membuat akta dan kewenangan lainnya. Tugas dan pekerjaan dari seorang Notaris tidak hanya membuat akta autentik, akan tetapi juga melakukan pendaftaran dan mengesahkan akta-akta yang dibuat dibawah tangan yaitu upaya legalisasi dan waarmerking. Notaris mempunyai peran dalam Konvensi Apostille yang telah diaksesi oleh Indonesia sebagai pejabat umum yang melegalisasi setiap akta yang dilegalisasi oleh para pihak. Penelitian ini mempertanyakan legalisasi dokumen publik asing di Indonesia setelah keberlakuan Apostille Convention dan tanggung jawab hukum Notaris dalam proses legalisasi dokumen setelah keberlakuan Apostille Convention di Indonesia. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Konvensi Apostille bertujuan menyederhanakan autentikasi dokumen publik yang akan digunakan di luar negeri dengan menghapus persyaratan untuk legalisasi, yang seringkali memakan waktu dan mahal serta tetap membutuhkan peranan Notaris yang berwenang dalam melegalisasi dokumen publik asing.

Akibat Dari Akta Pendirian Perseroan Yang Tidak Memenuhi Pasal 33 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas (Studi Kasus: Putusan Nomor 1/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Bna) Nur Jani Jalal; Rouli Anita Velentina
Hukum dan Masyarakat Madani Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): November
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/humani.v12i2.5149

Notaris memiliki peran dalam pendirian perseroan terbatas ( perseroan ) yaitu membuat akta pendirian perseroan. salah satu tugas dan tanggungjawab notaris adalah memastikan bahwa modal perseroan pada saat pendirian perseroan harus memenuhi Pasal 33 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas ( UUPT ) yaitu 25% modal ditempatkan dan disetor penuh dari modal dasar perseroan. Oleh karena itu, rumusan masalah dalam penilitian ini adalah bagaimanakah pertanggungjawaban notaris terhadap akta pendirian Perseroan yang tidak memenuhi Pasal 33 ayat (1) UUPT dan bagaimanakah akibat dari akta pendirian Perseroan yang tidak memenuhi Pasal 33 ayat (1) UUPT. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan yuridis normatif dengan tipe penelitian deskriptif dan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pertanggungjawaban notaris terhadap akta pendirian Perseroan yang tidak memenuhi Pasal 33 ayat (1) UUPT adalah tanggung jawab administratif karena telah melanggar Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf a UUJN dan tanggungjawaban kode etik notaris karena melanggar Pasal 3 ayat (3) Kode Etik Notaris dengan bentuk sanksi berupa teguran tertulis. Berikutnya adalah akibat dari akta pendirian Perseroan yang tidak memenuhi Pasal 33 ayat (1) UUPT adalah perseroan dapat dibubarkan atas dasar pengajuan permohonan pembubaran kepada pengadilan oleh pihak yang berkepentingan. Hal ini dikarenakan akta pendirian perseroan tidak menerapkan Pasal 8 ayat (2) huruf c dan Pasal 15 ayat (1) huruf d UUPT, sehingga akta pendirian perseroan mengandung cacat hukum.

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