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All Journal Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Islam Futura LEGITIMASI: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum Dusturiah : Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Diroyah : Jurnal Studi Ilmu Hadis Al-MARSHAD: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir'ah Jurnal Justisia : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Media Syari'ah: Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Shar-E: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Hukum Syariah Jurnal Alwatzikhoebillah : Kajian Islam, Pendidikan, Ekonomi, Humaniora Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy USRAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam El-Hadhanah: Indonesian Journal Of Family Law And Islamic Law Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Indonesian Research Journal on Education Al-Rasikh : Jurnal Hukum Islam As-Siyadah: Jurnal Politik dan Hukum Tata Negara JURISTA : Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan Quru’: Journal of Family Law and Culture Al-Mudharabah
Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
Religion Arts Humanities Astronomy Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences Other

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Qibla Direction Calculation Methods in Islamic Astronomy References in Indonesia Akbar, Reza; Aslan, Aslan; Mustaqim, Riza Afrian
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v22i2.20422

Abstract

This research shows that most Islamic astronomy references in Islamic Universities in Indonesia still use the spherical earth concept to explain the qibla  direction.  However,  based  on  modern  astronomy,  the  earth's  shape  is not a perfect sphere but an ellipsoid. In addition, a contradiction occurs in the  conception  of  magnetic  declination  in  determining  the  qibla  direction. This research aims to examine the relevance of Islamic astronomy reference books  with  the  concept  of  geoscience  based  on  the  magnetic  declination formula  and  concept.  This  research  also  examines  the  calculation  methods for qibla direction based on sharia. This library research applies descriptive- analytic  and  normative  approaches  with  the  data  originating  from  various Islamic astronomy references in the digital library of Islamic universities. This research finds that Islamic astronomy references about the qibla direction are not  yet  relevant  to  the  concept  of  geoscience.  Most  of  those  references  still use references astronomy for qibla calculation. There are still some references contradicting the international consensus regarding magnetic declination. In addition, this study reveals that someone who has the ability to determine the qibla direction through the Vincenty formula should use that concept instead of  spherical  trigonometry.  This  is  because  of  skill  (ahliyyah) and sincerity (juhd)  requirements  in  ijtihad;  Shafi'i's  notion  regarding  ikhtilāf in ijtihād for qibla direction; and Islamic jurisprudence principle stating that certainty is not overruled by doubt.Keywords: Islamic  astronomy;  qibla  direction;  spherical  trigonometry; Vincenty's formula; sharia AbstrakPenelitian  ini  berangkat  dari  fakta  bahwa  sebagian  besar  referensi ilmu falak di perguruan tinggi Indonesia masih menggunakan konsep bumi bulat  dalam  menjelaskan  pokok  bahasan  arah  kiblat.  Padahal,  berdasarkan astronomi modern, bentuk bumi tidaklah seperti bola sempurna, melainkan berbentuk elipsoid. Selain itu, terdapat pula pertentangan konsepsi deklinasi magnetik  dalam  persoalan  penentuan  arah  kiblat.  Penelitian  ini  bertujuan untuk mengkaji relevansi referensi ilmu falak terhadap konsep sains kebumian berdasarkan ketepatan penggunaan formula dan konsep deklinasi magnetik, serta juga menelaah penggunaan formula perhitungan arah kiblat berdasarkan kajian syariah. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kepustakaaan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitik dan normatif sumber data dari berbagai referensi ilmu falak yang ada di perpustakaan digital perguruan tinggi keagamaan Islam. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa referensi ilmu falak pada pokok bahasan  arah  kiblat  belum  relevan  dengan  konsep  sains  kebumian.  Hal  ini disebabkan sebagian besar referensi tersebut masih menggunakan perhitungan referensi astronomi untuk memecahkan persoalan arah kiblat. Beberapa referensi ilmu  falak  juga  tidak  mengikuti  konsensus  internasional  mengenai  konsep deklinasi magnetik. Selain itu, penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa seseorang yang mampu menentukan arah kiblat melalui perhitungan formula Vincenty sebaiknya  menggunakannya  dan  meninggalkan  perhitungan  trigonometri bola.  Hal  ini  disebabkan  beberapa  pertimbangan,  yaitu  pelaksanaan  ijtihād yang mewajibkan kecakapan (ahliyyah) dan kesungguhan (juhd), pandangan Shafi’i  mengenai  penyelesaian  ikhtilāf dalam ijtihād  penentuan  arah  kiblat, dan kaidah ushūl  al-fiqh  yang  menyebutkan  bahwa  keyakinan  tidak  dapat dihilangkan oleh keraguan (shakk).Kata Kunci: ilmu falak; arah kiblat; trigonometri bola; formula Vincenty; syariah
THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE USE OF THE POLARIS STAR AS A REFERENCE FOR THE NORTH POINT IN DETERMINING THE QIBLA DIRECTION Akbar, Reza; Mustaqim, Riza Afrian
Islam Futura Vol 22 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jiif.v22i1.9411

Abstract

The accuracy of determining the north point is a very important matter in determining the Qibla direction. Finding the north using a compass, especially in buildings, is not encouraged so that an alternative method is needed. Apart from using a compass and istiwa stick (gnomon),  Polaris can also be used to reference the north, but it is not popular because of its limited appearance, which is only easily observed in areas which located above latitude 10o N. This study aims to examine theoretically the accuracy of Polaris as a reference for the north point in determining the Qibla direction. This research belongs to library research using secondary data. The data were obtained from various sources such as Stellarium software and various relevant articles. Based on this research, it is concluded that in the region near the equator (less than latitude 10o N),  Polaris is difficult to observe because it is very low above the horizon. Thus, for the sake of determining the Qibla direction, the results are inaccurate. Whereas in regions that are located far north from the equator (at latitude above 10o N) the north point can be determined easily because Polaris can be observed quite high. Thus, its use in determining the Qibla direction is classified as accurate.
Method For Determining the Qiblat Direction of The Mosque: Analysis of Determining the Qibla Direction of the Al-Islahiyah Mosque, Gampong Lambhuk, Ulee Kareng District, Banda Aceh City Aindana Zulfa; Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3442

Abstract

Some village officials want to adjust the direction of the Qibla, but some Gampong residents oppose the plan because residents believe that the direction of the Qibla has been determined by previous generations of scholars. This study will investigate the approach used when the determination of the direction of the Qibla was first carried out, as well as the approach used after the revision in 2017. Qualitative field research (field research) and library research (library research) used descriptive, analytical, and verification approaches. After that, the method of determining the direction of the Qibla of the Al-Ishlahiyah Mosque was described and analyzed. Furthermore, the results of the re-measurement of the current direction of the Qibla were verified using the Compass and Rasdul Qibla/Istiwa A’zam. The results show that first, the direction of the Qibla was determined at the Al-Ishlahiyah Mosque using two methods: Rasdul Qibla/Istiwa A’zam on May 28, 2015 and the Compass tool in 2017. In 1966, the direction of the Qibla was determined with a tool perpendicular to the shadow of the sun's rays before it became a Mosque and was still a Meunasah Gampong. Second, the analysis of the current Qibla direction determination method is appropriate, by following the Compass of the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque in Banda Aceh at point 292o and Rasdul Qiblat/Istiwa A'zam on May 27, 2022 at 16:18 WIB and July 16, 2022 at 16:30 WIB. The calibration results show a slight slope of 11o.
Rekontruksi Kriteria Visibilitas Hilal Serta Dampak Implementasi Kriteria Imkanurukyah MABIMS Baru Dalam Kemaslahatan Ridhokimura Soderi; Darlius Darlius; Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3642

Abstract

The aim of this research is to look at several existing hilal visibility criteria and see the extent of the impact that occurred after the implementation of the new MABIMS imakunurukyah criteria. In this research the author uses qualitative research with library data sources (library research) using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques where in this research the author describes in detail the existing criteria for visibility of the new moon and explains the impact of implementing the new MABIMS criteria from the perspective of ushul fiqh rules. The results of this research have the impact of applying the new MABIMS criteria to provide wider benefits in that at least we as Indonesian Muslims are moving forward in thinking about abandoning the old criteria which are no longer in accordance with the development of the world of astronomical science. Even with the implementation of the new MABIMS criteria, there are still differences in starting and ending the month of Qomariyah between Islamic organizations and the government. Differences will still be unavoidable if there is no agreement on the criteria used in determining the start of the Qomariyah month.
Co-Authors Abdul Jalil Salam Aindana Zulfa Akbar, Reza Al-Faiz, Muhammad Rozaan Ananda, Fadhillah Arifin Abdullah Aslan Aslan Aslan Aslan, Aslan Aulia, Raja Basrul Gunadi Batavia, Nada Boihaqi bin Adnan Bukhari Ali Darlius Darlius Erizaldi Putra Faisal Yahya Fakhrurrazi M. Yunus Hadi, M Naufal Hasnul Arifin Melayu Hayana, Cut Diva Heryanti, Novi Ida Friatna Irwansyah Jamal, Irwansyah Muhammad Jamhir Hasan Khawatinnisa, Husnul Layyinatusy Syifa Mubarrak , Husni Muhammad Iqbal Mutia, Farah Nada Batavia Putra, Erizaldi Reza Akbar Reza Akbar Reza Akbar Ridhokimura Soderi Rismayadi, Dedi Sausan, Rahma Dhiyaa Sulfanwandi, Tgk. Syariful Anami Yanti, julida Zaiyad Zubaidi Zumara Zumara