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All Journal Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Islam Futura LEGITIMASI: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum Dusturiah : Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Diroyah : Jurnal Studi Ilmu Hadis Al-MARSHAD: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir'ah Jurnal Justisia : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Media Syari'ah: Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Shar-E: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Hukum Syariah Jurnal Alwatzikhoebillah : Kajian Islam, Pendidikan, Ekonomi, Humaniora Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy USRAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam El-Hadhanah: Indonesian Journal Of Family Law And Islamic Law Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Indonesian Research Journal on Education Priviet Social Sciences Journal Al-Rasikh : Jurnal Hukum Islam As-Siyadah: Jurnal Politik dan Hukum Tata Negara JURISTA : Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan Quru’: Journal of Family Law and Culture Al-Mudharabah An-nisa: Journal of Islamic Family Law
Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
Religion Arts Humanities Astronomy Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences Other

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Qibla Direction Calculation Methods in Islamic Astronomy References in Indonesia Akbar, Reza; Aslan, Aslan; Mustaqim, Riza Afrian
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v22i2.20422

Abstract

This research shows that most Islamic astronomy references in Islamic Universities in Indonesia still use the spherical earth concept to explain the qibla  direction.  However,  based  on  modern  astronomy,  the  earth's  shape  is not a perfect sphere but an ellipsoid. In addition, a contradiction occurs in the  conception  of  magnetic  declination  in  determining  the  qibla  direction. This research aims to examine the relevance of Islamic astronomy reference books  with  the  concept  of  geoscience  based  on  the  magnetic  declination formula  and  concept.  This  research  also  examines  the  calculation  methods for qibla direction based on sharia. This library research applies descriptive- analytic  and  normative  approaches  with  the  data  originating  from  various Islamic astronomy references in the digital library of Islamic universities. This research finds that Islamic astronomy references about the qibla direction are not  yet  relevant  to  the  concept  of  geoscience.  Most  of  those  references  still use references astronomy for qibla calculation. There are still some references contradicting the international consensus regarding magnetic declination. In addition, this study reveals that someone who has the ability to determine the qibla direction through the Vincenty formula should use that concept instead of  spherical  trigonometry.  This  is  because  of  skill  (ahliyyah) and sincerity (juhd)  requirements  in  ijtihad;  Shafi'i's  notion  regarding  ikhtilāf in ijtihād for qibla direction; and Islamic jurisprudence principle stating that certainty is not overruled by doubt.Keywords: Islamic  astronomy;  qibla  direction;  spherical  trigonometry; Vincenty's formula; sharia AbstrakPenelitian  ini  berangkat  dari  fakta  bahwa  sebagian  besar  referensi ilmu falak di perguruan tinggi Indonesia masih menggunakan konsep bumi bulat  dalam  menjelaskan  pokok  bahasan  arah  kiblat.  Padahal,  berdasarkan astronomi modern, bentuk bumi tidaklah seperti bola sempurna, melainkan berbentuk elipsoid. Selain itu, terdapat pula pertentangan konsepsi deklinasi magnetik  dalam  persoalan  penentuan  arah  kiblat.  Penelitian  ini  bertujuan untuk mengkaji relevansi referensi ilmu falak terhadap konsep sains kebumian berdasarkan ketepatan penggunaan formula dan konsep deklinasi magnetik, serta juga menelaah penggunaan formula perhitungan arah kiblat berdasarkan kajian syariah. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kepustakaaan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitik dan normatif sumber data dari berbagai referensi ilmu falak yang ada di perpustakaan digital perguruan tinggi keagamaan Islam. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa referensi ilmu falak pada pokok bahasan  arah  kiblat  belum  relevan  dengan  konsep  sains  kebumian.  Hal  ini disebabkan sebagian besar referensi tersebut masih menggunakan perhitungan referensi astronomi untuk memecahkan persoalan arah kiblat. Beberapa referensi ilmu  falak  juga  tidak  mengikuti  konsensus  internasional  mengenai  konsep deklinasi magnetik. Selain itu, penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa seseorang yang mampu menentukan arah kiblat melalui perhitungan formula Vincenty sebaiknya  menggunakannya  dan  meninggalkan  perhitungan  trigonometri bola.  Hal  ini  disebabkan  beberapa  pertimbangan,  yaitu  pelaksanaan  ijtihād yang mewajibkan kecakapan (ahliyyah) dan kesungguhan (juhd), pandangan Shafi’i  mengenai  penyelesaian  ikhtilāf dalam ijtihād  penentuan  arah  kiblat, dan kaidah ushūl  al-fiqh  yang  menyebutkan  bahwa  keyakinan  tidak  dapat dihilangkan oleh keraguan (shakk).Kata Kunci: ilmu falak; arah kiblat; trigonometri bola; formula Vincenty; syariah
THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE USE OF THE POLARIS STAR AS A REFERENCE FOR THE NORTH POINT IN DETERMINING THE QIBLA DIRECTION Akbar, Reza; Mustaqim, Riza Afrian
Islam Futura Vol 22 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jiif.v22i1.9411

Abstract

The accuracy of determining the north point is a very important matter in determining the Qibla direction. Finding the north using a compass, especially in buildings, is not encouraged so that an alternative method is needed. Apart from using a compass and istiwa stick (gnomon),  Polaris can also be used to reference the north, but it is not popular because of its limited appearance, which is only easily observed in areas which located above latitude 10o N. This study aims to examine theoretically the accuracy of Polaris as a reference for the north point in determining the Qibla direction. This research belongs to library research using secondary data. The data were obtained from various sources such as Stellarium software and various relevant articles. Based on this research, it is concluded that in the region near the equator (less than latitude 10o N),  Polaris is difficult to observe because it is very low above the horizon. Thus, for the sake of determining the Qibla direction, the results are inaccurate. Whereas in regions that are located far north from the equator (at latitude above 10o N) the north point can be determined easily because Polaris can be observed quite high. Thus, its use in determining the Qibla direction is classified as accurate.
Method For Determining the Qiblat Direction of The Mosque: Analysis of Determining the Qibla Direction of the Al-Islahiyah Mosque, Gampong Lambhuk, Ulee Kareng District, Banda Aceh City Aindana Zulfa; Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3442

Abstract

Some village officials want to adjust the direction of the Qibla, but some Gampong residents oppose the plan because residents believe that the direction of the Qibla has been determined by previous generations of scholars. This study will investigate the approach used when the determination of the direction of the Qibla was first carried out, as well as the approach used after the revision in 2017. Qualitative field research (field research) and library research (library research) used descriptive, analytical, and verification approaches. After that, the method of determining the direction of the Qibla of the Al-Ishlahiyah Mosque was described and analyzed. Furthermore, the results of the re-measurement of the current direction of the Qibla were verified using the Compass and Rasdul Qibla/Istiwa A’zam. The results show that first, the direction of the Qibla was determined at the Al-Ishlahiyah Mosque using two methods: Rasdul Qibla/Istiwa A’zam on May 28, 2015 and the Compass tool in 2017. In 1966, the direction of the Qibla was determined with a tool perpendicular to the shadow of the sun's rays before it became a Mosque and was still a Meunasah Gampong. Second, the analysis of the current Qibla direction determination method is appropriate, by following the Compass of the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque in Banda Aceh at point 292o and Rasdul Qiblat/Istiwa A'zam on May 27, 2022 at 16:18 WIB and July 16, 2022 at 16:30 WIB. The calibration results show a slight slope of 11o.
Rekontruksi Kriteria Visibilitas Hilal Serta Dampak Implementasi Kriteria Imkanurukyah MABIMS Baru Dalam Kemaslahatan Ridhokimura Soderi; Darlius Darlius; Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3642

Abstract

The aim of this research is to look at several existing hilal visibility criteria and see the extent of the impact that occurred after the implementation of the new MABIMS imakunurukyah criteria. In this research the author uses qualitative research with library data sources (library research) using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques where in this research the author describes in detail the existing criteria for visibility of the new moon and explains the impact of implementing the new MABIMS criteria from the perspective of ushul fiqh rules. The results of this research have the impact of applying the new MABIMS criteria to provide wider benefits in that at least we as Indonesian Muslims are moving forward in thinking about abandoning the old criteria which are no longer in accordance with the development of the world of astronomical science. Even with the implementation of the new MABIMS criteria, there are still differences in starting and ending the month of Qomariyah between Islamic organizations and the government. Differences will still be unavoidable if there is no agreement on the criteria used in determining the start of the Qomariyah month.
Patriarchal Dominance and Domestic Violence: A Family Law Perspective in North Aceh Rismayadi, Dedi; Alimuddin, Alimuddin; Mustaqim, Riza Afrian; Paidi, Zulhilmi Bin; Younus, Zinah
An-Nisa: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Yayasan Cendekia Gagayunan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63142/an-nisa.v2i4.269

Abstract

This paper examines patriarchal dominance as a driving factor of domestic violence, the focus of research in this paper is on gender inequality, violence and infidelity from the perspective of positive law and Islamic family law, experienced by one family in Aceh. The problem of gender inequality has been going on for a long time. Gender inequality is still a concern in developed and developing countries around the world, and this contributes to the increasing practice of discrimination against vulnerable groups, especially women. Indonesia's patriarchal culture was brought from the colonial state. Therefore, women often experience discrimination in society in various ways. Research files (field approach) from Cot Matahe, Syamtalira Bayu District, North Aceh Regency, were used to collect data in this paper using qualitative research methodology. This study focuses on the perspective Through the conflict perspective of the multidimensional approach used to review this issue, it can be concluded that patriarchal culture is one of the major factors in the many discriminatory treatments against women to date, which are mostly dominated by men.
Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Pencurian Oleh Anak Menurut Hukum Adat Gayo Tiara Melani; Jamhir; Riza Afrian Mustaqim
As-Siyadah Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Maret (2026) As-Siyadah: Jurnal Politik dan Hukum Tata Negara
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Tata Negara (Siyasah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/as-siyadah.v6i1.8329

Abstract

Penyelesaian tindak pidana pencurian oleh anak menurut hukum adat Gayo mencerminkan kenyataan sosial bahwa masyarakat masih menggunakan mekanisme penyelesaian berbasis adat sebagai alternatif terhadap sistem peradilan formal. Pendekatan penyelesaan tindak pidana pencurian oleh anak di dalam masyarakat Gayo ini bersifat restoratif dengan mengedepankan musyawarah, pembinaan, dan pemberian ganti rugi untuk memulihkan hubungan antar individu serta menjaga keharmonisan sosial. Lembaga adat Sarak Opat, yang terdiri dari Reje, Imem, Petue, dan Rayat Genap Mupakat, berperan penting dalam proses penyelesaian, dengan keputusan yang bersifat mengikat dan berlandaskan nilai-nilai adat serta agama. Secara normatif, prinsip keadilan restoratif telah diakomodasi dalam hukum nasional melalui Undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, yang memberikan ruang bagi penyelesaian perkara di luar pengadilan dengan pendekatan yang lebih humanis. Artikel ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan sosiologi hukum dan konsep dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi lapangan yang dinalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa penyelesaian tindak pidana pencurian yang dilakukan oleh anak melalui mekanisme hukum adat menghasilkan keadilan restoratif yang bersifat kontekstual sekaligus memfasilitasi restorasi relasi sosial antarpihak terkait. Proses musyawarah yang diimplementasikan dalam kerangka Sarak Opat tidak hanya efektif meresolusi konflik secara substantif, tetapi juga meminimalisir dampak psikologis dan sosiogenik dari prosedur pidana formal terhadap pelaku anak, sehingga menawarkan paradigma penyelesaian yang kongruen dengan prinsip-prinsip keadilan restoratif.
Kontroversi Kesaksian Rukyat Hilal Non-Lokal Di Aceh: Tinjauan Yuridis Empiris Terhadap Putusan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Jantho Taufik Maulana; Sitti Mawar; Riza Afrian Mustaqim
As-Siyadah Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Maret (2026) As-Siyadah: Jurnal Politik dan Hukum Tata Negara
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Tata Negara (Siyasah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/as-siyadah.v6i1.8354

Abstract

Penetapan awal bulan Ramadan melalui observasi bulan baru adalah praktik dalam syariat Islam yang melibatkan aspek hukum dan astronomi. Akan tetapi, di Aceh pada tahun 2025, terdapat kontroversi yang disebabkan oleh penolakan kesaksian dua pengamat profesional dari luar Aceh Besar oleh Mahkamah Syar’iyah Jantho. Keputusan ini diambil dengan alasan bahwa pengamat tersebut bukan berasal dari daerah setempat, meskipun mereka memenuhi semua syarat sesuai dengan Keputusan Dirjen Badilag MA RI Nomor: 1711/DjA/SK.HK.00/IX/2024. Keputusan tersebut tidak mencakup kewajiban bahwa para pengamat harus berasal dari kawasan lokal. Kontroversi semakin memuncak ketika Mahkamah Syar’iyah justru menyumpah dua individu lokal yang tidak terlibat dalam observasi bulan baru dan menyatakan mereka tidak melihat bulan baru, sehingga pengajuan isbat ditolak. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode yuridis empiris untuk menelaah aspek prosedural hukum dari pengamatan bulan baru serta penerapannya di lapangan. Temuan penelitian ini mengindikasikan adanya regulatory gap dalam Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Badan Peradilan Agama Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 1711/DjA/SK.HK.00/IX/2024, khususnya terkait wewenang otoritas lokal seperti Mahkamah Syar'iyah dalam menilai kredibilitas kesaksian rukyat hilal non-lokal, sebagaimana tercermin dalam Putusan Mahkamah Syar'iyah Jantho yang menolak dua saksi dari Aceh Besar karena bukan warga lokal meskipun hadir di lokasi observatorium Lhoknga. Terdapat implikasi lebih lanjut mencakup risiko polemik sosial-religius di Aceh, di mana penolakan saksi non-lokal memperkuat konteks keadilan adat namun melemahkan koherensi nasional, sehingga rekomendasi mencakup revisi keputusan melalui koordinasi Dirjen Badilag dan Kementerian Agama untuk mengakomodasi inklusivitas saksi lintas wilayah guna menjaga semangat kesatuan NKRI
Beyond Formal Courts: The Role of Customary Institutions in Resolving Divorce Disputes in East Aceh, Indonesia Miswar, Nabila; Friatna, Ida; Mustaqim, Riza Afrian; Chernysh, Maryna; Batdulam, Munkh-Erdene
An-Nisa: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Maret
Publisher : Yayasan Cendekia Gagayunan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63142/an-nisa.v3i1.489

Abstract

This study examines the authority, effectiveness, and practices of divorce dispute resolution conducted by customary institutions in Lhok Dalam Village, Peureulak District, East Aceh, Indonesia. The research addresses the growing interaction between customary mechanisms and formal religious courts in resolving family disputes within Acehnese society. Using a qualitative socio-legal approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with customary leaders and community members, field observations, and document analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive-analytical techniques to identify patterns of authority, mediation practices, and institutional limitations within the customary dispute resolution process. The findings reveal that customary institutions possess strong moral and social legitimacy in mediating marital conflicts before cases are submitted to the Mahkamah Syar’iyah. Divorce disputes are generally addressed through deliberative dialogue, religious advice, and reconciliation efforts (islah) aimed at restoring family harmony. This process is perceived as effective in reducing social tensions, preventing premature divorce, and preserving community dignity and social cohesion. However, the study also finds that the effectiveness of customary mediation remains institutionally limited because the outcomes lack formal legal recognition within the state legal system. Consequently, decisions reached through customary mediation cannot always guarantee legal certainty for the parties involved. This study recommends strengthening the role of customary institutions by establishing formal documentation of mediation outcomes, enhancing the capacity of customary leaders through legal and mediation training, and developing institutional collaboration with the Mahkamah Syar’iyah to ensure both social legitimacy and legal certainty in divorce dispute resolution.
Legal review of local government procurement of goods or services based on Presidential Instruction No. 1 Of 2025 (Study of the 2025 household budget of the Governor and Deputy Governor of Aceh) Maulana, Ahmad; Mustaqim, Riza Afrian; Eriyanti, Nahara
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i4.1690

Abstract

Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 2025 represents a government initiative to enhance fiscal discipline and reduce the projected deficit of IDR 616.2 trillion (2.53% of GDP). The policy emphasizes budget efficiency through reductions in ministerial and agency spending by IDR 256.1 trillion and regional transfers by IDR 50.9 trillion, as outlined in Minister of Finance Letter No. S-37/MK.02/2025. This study examines the alignment between the 2025 Fiscal Year budget allocation for the household expenditures of the Governor and Deputy Governor of Aceh and the mandate of the Instruction. Using a normative juridical method with a regulatory approach, it analyzes relevant laws on regional financial management and government procurement. The findings reveal that the allocation by the General Affairs Bureau of the Aceh Provincial Secretariat has not fully reflected the principle of efficiency, as ceremonial and consumptive expenditures remain dominant and provide limited public benefit. From an administrative law perspective, this indicates inconsistency with principles of good governance, including efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, accountability, and public interest orientation. Such misalignment may lead to risks of administrative liability and abuse of authority. Strengthening oversight and reorienting budgeting toward public service outcomes are therefore essential.
Co-Authors Abdul Jalil Salam Ahmad MAULANA Aindana Zulfa Akbar, Reza Al-Faiz, Muhammad Rozaan Ananda, Fadhillah Arifin Abdullah Aslan Aslan Aslan Aslan, Aslan Aulia, Raja Basrul Gunadi Batavia, Nada Batdulam, Munkh-Erdene Boihaqi bin Adnan Bukhari Ali Chernysh, Maryna Darlius Darlius Erizaldi Putra Faisal Yahya Fakhrurrazi M. Yunus Hadi, M Naufal Hasnul Arifin Melayu Hayana, Cut Diva Heryanti, Novi Ida Friatna Irwansyah Jamal, Irwansyah Muhammad Jamhir Jamhir Hasan Khawatinnisa, Husnul Layyinatusy Syifa Miswar, Nabila Mubarrak , Husni Muhammad Iqbal Mutia, Farah Nada Batavia Nahara Eriayanti Paidi, Zulhilmi bin Putra, Erizaldi Reza Akbar Reza Akbar Reza Akbar Ridhokimura Soderi Rismayadi, Dedi Sausan, Rahma Dhiyaa Sitti Mawar Sulfanwandi, Tgk. Syariful Anami Taufik Maulana Tiara Melani Yanti, julida Younus, Zinah Zaiyad Zubaidi Zumara Zumara