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All Journal Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Pharmacon Majalah Farmasetika Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Farmasi : Pharmacare Society
Hidayati, Evi Nurul
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Humanities Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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EFFECT OF CHITOSAN CONCENTRATION ON PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTRACT ETHANOLIC OF BAY LEAF (Syzygium polyanthum) NANOPARTICLE PREPARED BY CROSS-LINKING METHODS Rahayyu, Annisa Maulidia; Hidayati, Evi Nurul; Masruriwati, Eni
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis Vol 10 No 2 (May-August 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v10i2.9233

Abstract

Chitosan is a natural cationic polysaccharide that could form bonds with negatively charged polyanions like sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) as a crosslinker. One of the important factors to develop nanoparticles is the concentration of polymer. The increased polymer concentration will increase the viscosity of the solution formed, and the size of the nanoparticles created will increase. However, if the amount of polymer is too small, the particles formed are smaller, and aggregation could be formed. In this study, the ethanolic extract of bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) was used as a drug that has a potent anti-dyslipidemia effect by lowering cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Studies on the ethanolic extract of a bay leaf as an anti-dyslipidemia are still limited. The objective of this research was an investigate effect of the chitosan concentration used 0.6 mg/ml (F1); 1mg/ml (F2); and 1.4 mg/ml (F3) on the physical characteristics of ethanolic extract of bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) nanoparticles (NSPs) prepared by cross-linking methods. The result of particle size evaluation showed that the particle size was 665.1 nm ± 14.71 (F1); 180.1 nm ± 0.5; and 221.35 nm ± 1.91 (F3), while the polydispersity index F1, F2, and F3 were 0.773 ± 0.152; 0.220 ± 0.016; and 0.212 ± 0.024 respectively. The results of this study found F2 was the most optimal chitosan concentration with particle size under 200 nm, and polydispersity index under 0.5 with positive ζ-potential value. In conclusion, chitosan concentration showed has an effect on the physical characteristics of the nanoparticles.
Formulasi dan Uji Sediaan Patch Ekstrak Daun Pacar Air (Impatiens Balsamina L) sebagai Antibakteri Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes Penyebab Jerawat Kristianti, Leonita Wahyu; Hidayati, Evi Nurul; Santoso, Joko
Majalah Farmasetika Vol 9, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/mfarmasetika.v9i6.59459

Abstract

Jerawat adalah penyakit kulit inflamasi yang terjadi akibat penyumbatan kelenjarpolisebasea dan peradangan yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.Prevalensi penderita jerawat di Indonesia berkisar antara 80-85%, dengan puncakkejadian pada usia 15-18 tahun dan 12% pada wanita berusia >25 tahun. Tanamanpacar air (Impatiens balsamina l) memiliki kandungan senyawa kuersetin yangmerupakan turunan senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri,tanaman ini diformulasikan sebagai sediaan patch. Tujuan penelitian ini untukmengetahui mutu fisik dan aktivitas antibakteri sediaan patch ekstrak daun pacar air(Impatiens balsamina l). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metodeeksperimental dengan desain true experimental design yaitu posttest only control group.Hasil penelitian kelompok uji antibakteri terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnesterdiri dari FI (20%) rata-rata zona hambat yaitu 14,8 mm (kuat); uji mutu fisik patchberbentuk solid, berwarna hijau kecoklatan dan memiliki bau yang khas, keseragamanbobot 0,0462, susut pengeringan 9,20%, ketebalan 0,53, ketahanan lipatan (>200), danpH 6,0. FII (25%) memiliki zona hambat 17,8 mm (kuat), berbentuk solid, berwarnahijau kecoklatan dan memiliki bau yang khas, keseragaman bobot 0,0463, susutpengeringan 9,21%, ketebalan 0,54, ketahanan lipatan (>200), dan pH 5,2. FIII (30%)zona hambat 20,68 mm (kuat) berbentuk solid, berwarna hijau kecoklatan dan memilikibau yang khas, keseragaman bobot 0,0465, susut pengeringan 9,22%, ketebalan 0,58,ketahanan lipatan (>200), dan pH 5,6. K(-) basis patch dan K(+) patch oxy memilikizona hambat 0 mm (lemah) dan 31,02 mm (sangat kuat) berturut-turut. FIII (30%)memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling optimum dan mutu fisik yang baik.
Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Kitosan Mengandung Ekstrak Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) Hidayati, Evi Nurul; Santoso, Joko; Ma’rifah, Bahriyatul; Azzahra, Fauzia; Maulidia Rahayyu, Annisa; Masruriati, Eni; Aisyiah, Aisyiah; Dewi Kinanti, Cahya
Majalah Farmasetika Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/mfarmasetika.v10i1.50267

Abstract

Tanaman salam merupakan tanaman yang banyak digunakan di Indonesia dan padabeberapa penelitian telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas farmakologis salah satunya sebagaianti dislipidemia dimana ekstrak etanol daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) dapatmenurunkan kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida. Sistem nanopartikel merupakan sistempenghantaran yang banyak dikembangkan dan dapat meningkatkan efektifitas terapi,menurunkan efek samping, dan aman. Sehingga, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahmeningkatkan efektifitas anti dislipidemia dari ekstrak etanol daun salam yangdiformulasikan dalam bentuk nanopartikel. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji skriningfitokimia ekstrak etanol daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) serta formulasi nanopartikelmenggunakan polimer kitosan dan sodium tripolyphosphate sebagai cross linker.Adapaun variabel yang digunakan rasio kitosan : STPP dimana dibuat tiga formula yaituF1, F2 dan F3. Karakterisasi nanopartikel yang dilakukan yaitu ukuran partikel, indekspolidispersitas, dan potensial zeta. Hasil penelitian ini ekstrak etanol daun salam yangdigunakan memiliki kandungan beberapa metabolit sekunder yaitu flavonoid, alkaloid,tanin, saponinm kuinon dan triterpenoid. Adapun hasil ukuran partikel pada F1, F2 danF3 berturut-turut adalah 384,37 ± 6,53 nm ; 180,1 ± 0,5 nm ; 512,67 ± 21,97 nm. Nilaiindeks polidispersitas adalah 0,566 ± 0,049 (F1) ; 0,220 ± 0,016 (F2) ; 0,636 ± 0,02.Selain itu nilai potensial zeta yang didapatkan pada F2 adalah 21,8 ± 1,74 (mV)menyatakan bahwa nanopartikel yang terbentuk memiliki stabilitas yang baik. Padapenelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil ukuran partikel, indekspolidispersitas, potensial zeta yang didapatkan, formula paling optimum adalah F2 danmengindikasikan formula nanopartikel yang terbentuk bersifat stabil serta berpotensiuntuk memberikan hasil yang baik sebagai anti dislipidemia dikarenakan ukuran partikelkurang dari 1000 nm.
Nanoparticle formulation of ethanolic extract of Syzygium polyanthum leaf using chitosan and cross-linking method Hidayati, Evi Nurul; Rahayyu, Annisa Maulidia; Masruriati, Eni
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i1.25834

Abstract

Syzygium polyanthum (bay leaves) is widely used in Indonesia and has been shown to have pharmacological activity, such as antihyperlipidemia. The nanoparticle is a delivery system that enhances therapy effectiveness, minimizes side effects, and ensures safety. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the antihyperlipidemic efficacy of Syzygium polyanthum extract by formulating it into nanoparticles. The polymer that is used in this nanoparticle formulation is chitosan, while the cross-linking agent that is used is sodium tripolyphosphate. Three formulations have been developed, each with different stirring times after crosslinking: F1 (20 minutes), F2 (90 minutes), and F3 (150 minutes). At the same time, nanoparticles produced were examined for particle size, ζ potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and release study. Syzygium polyanthum extract is abundant in secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, tannins, and quinones. The particle size data for F1, F2, and F3 were 257±6.68 nm, 232±2.54 nm, and 303±1.3 nm respectively, while the polydispersity index ranged from 0.242 to 0.383. The entrapment efficiency represented by quercetin, used to assess the extracted content of the nanoparticles, yielded results between 39.59% and 67.48%. A release study of nanoparticle Syzygium polyanthum (nanoparticle SP) showed that the extract represented by quercetin can be released from the system is 64-82% in 120 min. The ζ potential measurement in F2 indicated a value of 30.9±0.416 mV, suggesting that the nanoparticle SP formed possesses excellent stability. Among the formulas studied, F2 emerged as the most promising due to its combination of factors such as the smallest size, favorable polydispersity index, high entrapment efficiency, and desirable release profile values. All of the formula has the potential to provide a good therapeutic effect, such as antihyperlipidemia but it needs to be proven by further studies.
Sosialiasasi Guna Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Tentang Penyakit Diabetes Melitus pada Siswa SMPN 1 Tulungagung Jawa Timur Putri, Elsa Mahardika; Mawarni, Okky Intan; Winartiana, Winartiana; Pertiwi, Maharani Dwi; Hidayati, Evi Nurul; Dhafin, Anis Akhwan
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Farmasi : Pharmacare Society Vol 4, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : State University of Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/phar.soc.v4i1.31087

Abstract

Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan global dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat. Penyakit ini dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius jika tidak ditangani dengan baik, sehingga diperlukan upaya pencegahan dan pengelolaan yang tepat. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat mengenai diabetes melitus, termasuk penyebab, gejala, pencegahan, dan pengelolaan penyakit ini. Metode kegiatan ini yaitu dengan penyampaian materi/ceramah, leaflet sebagai medianya dan diskusi tanya jawab dengan sasaran yaitu SMPN 1 Tulungagung. Serta memberikan pretest dan posttest yang diolah dengan deskriptif kuantitatif serta analisa data dilakukan dengan mencari nilai rata-rata pada data pre-test dan post-test. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan siswa siswi mengenai diabetes melitus, termasuk pentingnya gaya hidup sehat, deteksi dini, serta pengelolaan kadar gula darah yang optimal. Sebagian besar peserta menunjukkan minat untuk menerapkan informasi yang diperoleh dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya pencegahan dan pengelolaan diabetes melitus, serta mendorong perubahan perilaku yang lebih sehat untuk menurunkan prevalensi diabetes di masyarakat.
Physical Characterization of Chitosan-based Syzygium polyanthum Leaves Extract Nanoparticles Hidayati, Evi Nurul; Rahayyu, Annisa Maulidia; Azzahra, Fauzia
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v20i2.23296

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the most abundant in natural resources countries in the world. The bay leaves are well- known among the locals and have various pharmacological properties, including anti dyslipidemia. Currently, the use of nanoparticle technologies in dyslipidemia treatment is quite popular. These treatments have numerous advantages such as enhancing the potency of dyslipidemia agents. The purpose of this study is to develop chitosan-based nanoparticles made from Syzygium polyanthum leaves extract using crosslink method. Chitosan is used as the polymer and STPP as the crosslinker with the ratio of chitosan:STPP is 5:1. Two formula is generated, F1 is chitosan-based nanoparticle extract and F2 is chitosan-base nanoparticle blank. Syzygium polyanthum extract contains alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, quinone, and tannin, as determined by secondary metabolites screening. The total flavonoid content of Syzygium polyanthum leaves extract determined as quercetin is 0.04%. Physical properties of generated nanoparticles such as size, polydispersity index (PI) and zeta potential are investigated. Particle sizes of nanoparticles F1 and F2 are 180.1 ± 0.5 nm and 464.3 ± 25.98 nm with the PI values of F1 and F2 are 0.220 ± 0.02 and 0.563 ± 0.112 respectively. Zeta potential value for F1 is 21.8 ± 1.74 mV and F2 is 17.8 ± 0.21 mV. The entrapment efficiency is evaluated to determine the extract content of the nanoparticle, and the result is 47.13%. From this research, the chitosan-based nanoparticles containing Syzygium polyanthum formula have good physical properties. Further investigation is needed to evaluate its potential as anti-dyslipidemia. 
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN EMULGEL EKSTRAK BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes Sholaekah, Ayu; Hidayati, Evi Nurul; Sardjiman
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v7i1.581

Abstract

         Acne is a condition of sebaceous follicle disruption caused by keratinization disorders (small keratosis), accompanied by the presence of comedones, papules, pustules, and nodules. Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) harbors compounds exhibiting antibacterial properties against Propionibacterium acnes, making it a promising candidate for developing an anti-acne emulgel product. The starfruit was extracted via maceration using 70% ethanol solvent over 3x24 hours. Test samples of starfruit extract were prepared at concentrations E1 (10%), E2 (15%), and E3 (20%), while emulgel formulations of the extract were formulated as F1 (10%), F2 (15%), and F3 (20%). Physical evaluations included organoleptic, adhesion, spreadability, homogeneity, pH, emulgel type assessments, and antibacterial tests measuring inhibition zones. Inhibition zone data were analyzed using ANOVA statistics. The method used to observe antibacterial activity in the emulgel formulations employed the good diffusion method by measuring inhibition zone diameters around the holes. The results of antibacterial activity testing of starfruit extract emulgel formulations against Propionibacterium acnes sequentially in F1, F2, F3, K+, K- were 11.96 ± 0.38 mm (strong), 13.84 ± 0.50 mm (strong), 15.03 ± 0.56 mm (strong), 17.64 ± 0.69 mm (strong), and 0 ± 0.00 mm (no antibacterial activity). The evaluation results of the physical quality of starfruit extract emulgel formulations indicated that all three formulas exhibited good physical quality. Based on the study findings, F3 demonstrated superior inhibitory efficacy among the emulgel formulations.
FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN CLAY MASK DARI EKSTRAK KULIT PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA LINN.) DENGAN KOMBINASI EKSTRAK KULIT LEMON (CITRUS LIMON BURM F.) SEBAGAI ANTI AGING Patimah, Kusnul; Hidayati, Evi Nurul; Santoso, Joko
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v7i1.588

Abstract

Aging is a change in humans caused by age, psychological and social factors. based on a patient survey at rsud dr. soetomo surabaya in 2017, the group diagnosed with photoaging caused by sun exposure had a prevalence rate of 50.27%. papaya peel and lemon peel contain vitamin c and flavonoids that have properties as natural antioxidants. clay mask preparations are able to remove dirt on the face so that the skin becomes brighter and cleaner. the purpose of this research is to determine the activity and physical quality of the clay mask preparation formulation of papaya fruit peel extract (carica papaya linn.) and lemon peel extract (citrus limon burm f.) as anti-aging. the method in this study is an experimental method with a design in the form of a true experimental post test only control group design. the results of this study obtained the ic50 value of papaya peel extract with a dose of 2 grams of 51.88 ppm and lemon peel extract with a dose of 5 grams of 39.87 ppm, evaluation of clay mask preparations fi obtained brown preparations, homogeneous preparations, ph 5.44, drying time 15.25 minutes; fii obtained brown preparations, homogeneous preparations, ph 5.66, drying time 5.44 minutes; fiii obtained brown preparations, homogeneous preparations, ph 5.50, drying time 20.26 minutes. the conclusion of this study is that papaya peel extract and lemon peel extract have antioxidant activity as anti-aging, the physical quality of clay mask preparations of all formulations has met the standards and the most stable formula is fii. the most preferred formula by volunteers is fii and all formulations do not cause irritation.
Co-Authors Aisyiah Aisyiah, Aisyiah Amrullah, Adhi Wardhana Anis Akhwan Dhafin Bahriyatul Ma’rifah Dewi Kinanti, Cahya Eni Masruriati Fauzia Azzahra, Fauzia Indriastuti, Isnaini Joko Santoso Kinanti, Cahya Dewi Kristianti, Leonita Wahyu Masrul, Moh. Zahir Masruriwati, Eni Maulidia Rahayyu, Annisa Mawarni, Okky Intan Patimah, Kusnul Pertiwi, Maharani Dwi Putri, Elsa Mahardika Rahayyu, Annisa Maulidia Risantie, Destria Usha Widya Sardjiman Sholaekah, Ayu Winartiana, Winartiana