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All Journal Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Agrikultura Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora AGRIMOR Jurnal Pertanian Agros Agrisocionomics: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Martabe : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat JURNAL AGRICA Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal Jurnal Penelitian Agrisamudra Jurnal Triton Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Nusantara MAHATANI: Jurnal Agribisnis (Agribusiness and Agricultural Economics Journal) Jurnal Visi Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Fruitset Sains : Jurnal Pertanian Agroteknologi paradigma agribisnis Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Perikanan Agrifo: Jurnal Agribisnis Universitas Malikussaleh Jurnal Agrisep paradigma agribisnis
Albina Ginting
Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Pendapatan dan Tingkat Kemiskinan Petani di Kawasan Danau Toba, Kabupaten Toba Samosir, Sumatera Utara Hotden Leonardo Nainggolan; Albina Ginting; Sarma Insani Bakkara; Yanto Raya Tampubolon; Susana Tabah Trina
JURNAL TRITON Vol 14 No 1 (2023): JURNAL TRITON
Publisher : Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Manokwari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47687/jt.v14i1.348

Abstract

Produksi usaha tani yang tidak maksimal dan fluktuatif di kawasan Danau Toba, akan turut berdampak pada pendapatan dan tingkat kemiskinan petani. Urgensi penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat pendapatan, pengeluaran petani, dengan demikian penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan, pengeluaran dan tingkat kemiskinan petani di Kawasan Danau Toba. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Ajibata Kabupaten Samosir, pada bulan Agustus hingga November 2021. Populasi penelitian adalah petani di Desa Pardomuan Motung, Sigapiton dan Sirungkungon dengan total 286 kepala keluarga (KK) populasi. Jumlah sampel ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode Slovin, yaitu sebanyak 39 responden, dengan perincian, Desa Pardomuan 12 responden, Desa Sigapiton 16 responden, dan Desa Sirungkungon 11 responden. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan data primer yang diperoleh melalui survey dan wawancara dengan responden dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik dan instansi resmi lainnya. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, dengan analisis pendapatan dan analisis kemiskinan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan; a) pendapatan usaha tani pangan berkontribusi sebesar 56% dan pendapatan usaha tani perkebunan rakyat berkontribusi 44% terhadap total pendapatan usaha tani keluarga petani; b) rata-rata pengeluaran non-pangan lebih kecil dari rata-rata pengeluaran pangan, c) rata-rata pengeluaran perkapita petani sebesar 359,3 kg setara beras/ tahun; d) terdapat 51,28 % petani yang dikategorikan keluarga miskin, dan 41,03% petani dikategorikan keluarga nyaris miskin. Berdasarkan kesimpulan disarankan agar petani membentuk kelompok tani yang berperan sebagai sarana informasi dan berdiskusi dalam rangka pengembangan usahataninya. Pemerintah diharapkan dapat memberikan bantuan sarana dan prasarana bagi petani, yang meliputi bibit yang bersertifikat, pupuk bersubsidi, obat-obatan dan inovasi dan teknologi usaha tani.
ANALISIS EFESIENSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR SOSIAL, EKONOMI DAN TEKNIS YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONVERSI USAHATANI JERUK KE USAHATANI KOPI DI KECAMATAN BARUSJAHE KABUPATEN KARO Albina Ginting; Hotden L Nainggolan; Musfrianto H Ginting
Agrifo : Jurnal Agribisnis Universitas Malikussaleh Vol 3, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Malikussaleh – Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/ag.v3i1.672

Abstract

The aim of this study are; a) to determine the efficiency level of citrus farming and conversion to coffee farming in Barusjahe District, b) to identify social, economic and technical factors affecting conversion of citrus farming to coffee farming in Barusjahe District, and this research uses descriptive data analysis method. The results of research are; a) average income level of citrus farming Rp. 14,867,110/ha/ year < average income of coffee farming Rp.17.675.996 /ha/ year, and efficiency of citrus farming (R/ C: 2.52) < efficiency of coffee farming (R/C: 4,43), b) Social factor that is public acknowledgment is the main reason of 33% of respondents to convert citrus farming to coffee farming. And the economic factor that is the price is the main reason 33.3% respondents, the conversion of citrus farming to coffee farming. As well as technical factors namely the maintenance process is the main reason for 56.67% of farmers respondents to convert citrus farming to coffee farming in Barusjahe District. Based on the research results suggested; a) for the government to conduct continuous counseling for farmers of coffee farming so that its production is increasing, b) so that citrus farmers do better maintenance and maintenance in order to optimize their production, c) so that farmers use pesticide in accordance with recommended dosage, to reduce the cost pesticides, d) for farmers to pay attention to the concept of sustainable agriculture in converting  land  from citrus farming to coffee farming in Barusjahe District so farmers' income can be sustainable.
Sosialisasi Dan Pemahaman Masyarakat Tentang Pembuatan Eco Enzyme Serta Pemanfaatannya Dalam Rumah Tangga Susana Tabah Trina Sumihar; Nainggolan, Hotden; Elisabeth Sri Pujiastuti; Ferlist Rio Siahaan; Albina Ginting; Yanto Raya Tampubolon
Jurnal Visi Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Visi Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat : Edisi Februari 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas HKBP Nommensen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51622/pengabdian.v5i1.2055

Abstract

This service activity aims to ensure that participants understand the importance of managing household organic waste to overcome environmental problems, increase participants' understanding regarding eco-enzymes and their use in the household; increase participants' understanding regarding the materials used to make eco-enzymes in the household. This counseling was carried out at the Church of HKBP Nommensen Resort Pulu Brayan Medan, to 50 parompuan community (Church Women's Community) of the HKBP Pulu Brayan as participants, then an evaluation was carried out on the 25 participants. The method of this service activity is; socialization by resource persons; discussion and direct practice in making eco-enzymes and evaluation processes. Based on the outreach activities carried out, it was concluded; a) there was an increase in participants' understanding regarding eco-enzymes and their use in the household; b) there was an increase in participants' understanding regarding the materials used to make eco-enzymes in the household; c) socialization and training on making eco enzymes for parompuan community in church of the HKBP Nommensen Pulu Brayan plays a role in increasing participants' knowledge about eco-enzymes and the process of making them, good environmental management, and the use of waste into environmentally friendly products. Based on the conclusions, it is recommended that ongoing outreach activities be carried out and include all members of the church congregation, so that they can utilize organic waste into environmentally friendly products.
Analisis pendapatan dan ketahanan pangan nelayan tradisional di Kota Sibolga Provinsi Sumatera Utara Nainggolan, Hotden Leonardo; Tampubolon, Marina Mariana; Ginting, Albina; Tampubolon, Yanto R.
Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Perikanan Vol 9 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Perikanan
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33772/jsep.v9i2.81

Abstract

Low income fishermen tend to have weak purchasing power and reflect the difficulty in accessing food needs, especially since food prices have increased. This study aims to analyze the income and food security of traditional fishermen in Sibolga City, North Sumatra Province. The research was conducted in Sibolga City, from March to July 2023 and the research location was determined deliberately. The population in this study were traditional fishermen in the Subdistrict of South Sibolga, consisting of 645 households. The sample in this study was determined using the slovin formula and based on calculations, a sample of 42 respondents was obtained. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data and then analyzed using descriptive methods.  Based on the research results concluded; a) the average income of traditional fishermen is IDR3,025,921/month, and income outside the sea is IDR954,762/month; b) expenditure of traditional fishermen for food consumption averages IDR1,626,417.86/month, with a proportion of food expenditure to total consumption of 59%. Spending on non-food items averages IDR1,130,142.86/month; c) Approximately 60% of respondents have a proportion of food expenditure > 60.0%, with an average consumption of IDR1,729,482/ month, with an average consumption of non-food IDR877,960/ month; d) As many as 40% of respondents had a proportion of food expenditure < 60.0%, with an average expenditure of IDR 1,474,853/ month, and non-food consumption expenditure of IDR1,501,000/ month. Based on the research results it is suggested; a) so that the government provides ongoing training and counseling to traditional fishermen in Sibolga City related to increased production and income; b) so that the government also provides training and counseling to traditional fishermen related to increasing family food security; c) so that the government provides facilities and infrastructure assistance to traditional fishermen in the context of increasing their income.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHATANI KOPI ARABIKA DI KECAMATAN RONGGUR NIHUTA KABUPATEN SAMOSIR Ginting, Albina; Nainggolan, Hotden; Situmorang, Nolima; Situmorang, Echa; Simanjuntak, Trinitatis
JURNAL AGRICA Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL AGRICA
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Samosir Regency is one of the coffee producing regions in North Sumatra. The decline in coffee production in Samosir Regency indicates the need for a coffee farming development strategy so that the area can become one of the coffee production centers in the future. This study aims to determine the internal and external factors in the development of arabica coffee farming and to determine the development strategy of arabica coffee farming in Ronggur Nihuta District, Samosir Regency. The sampling technique in this study used the Purposive Sampling method through interviews with farmers in a Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The number of samples determined was 30 coffee farmers. The data analysis method was carried out descriptively through the SWOT method by looking at the internal and external factors of coffee farming then developing strategies by evaluating strengths (strenghs), weaknesses (weaknesses), opportunities (opportunities), and threats (threats). The results showed that the strengths of coffee farming development were the availability of land, availability of seeds, support for facilities and infrastructure, availability of capital and experience in coffee farming. Opportunities utilized are geographical conditions and location, coffee price stability, market availability, the role of farmer groups, and high coffee demand. Alternative strategies for the development of arabica coffee farming in Ronggur Nihuta Subdistrict are utilizing the land area as optimally as possible followed by increasing knowledge of coffee maintenance, using superior seeds, utilizing technology to be able to increase production to meet market demand. So that the implication of the results of this study is to increase the income and welfare of coffee farmers. For this reason, the role of agricultural extension officers is needed in assisting farmers to introduce superior seeds, technology and information, the use of organic fertilizers, and the need to strengthen farmer groups and cooperative institutions to support farmers' capital.
Pengaruh Modal Sosial, Fisik Lingkungan, Keuangan Terhadap Pemberdayaan Petani Pasca Pandemi Covid-19 di Kawasan Pesisir Kabupaten Deli Serdang Nainggolan, Hotden Leonardo; Ginting, Albina; Tabah Trina, Susana
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal Vol 12, No 1 (2024): Vol 12, No 1 (2024): Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-12 “Revital
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Nainggolan, H. L., Ginting, A., & Trina, S. T. (2024). The influence of social capital, physical environment, finance on farmer empowerment Post Covid-19 Pandemic in the Coastal Area of Deli Serdang Regency. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-12 Tahun 2024, Palembang 21 Oktober 2024. (pp. 533–542). Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Empowerment is one of the important things in increasing community-economic resilience, which is influenced by various factors. This study aimed to determine the effect of social capital, physical capital, financial capital on the empowerment of post pandemic Covid-19 farmers in the coastal area of Deli Serdang Regency. The study was conducted in Deli Serdang Regency as one of the areas affected by Covid-19 in 2020 ago both directly and indirectly. The population in this study was 12,178 farmers' families who were in the coastal area of Percut Sei Tuan Sub-district, the sample in this study was 99 respondents determined by the Slovin formula. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Data are analyzed with multiple linier regression analysis. The results showed that social capital and financial capital had a positive and significant effect on the empowerment of farmers in the coastal area of Deli Serdang Regency, and the physical capital of the environment had a positive but not significant effect on community empowerment in the coastal area of Deli Serdang Regency. Based on the results of research it is recommended that the government empower the community optimally and continuously by utilizing available community resources, such as social capital, financial capital and environmental physical capital in order to increase farmers' income and welfare in coastal areas.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN KONDISI PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI KOPI SISTEM INTEGRASI DENGAN TERNAK KAMBING BINAAN STARBUCK FARMER SUPPORT CENTRE DI KECAMATAN RONGGUR NIHUTA KABUPATEN SAMOSIR Nainggolan, Hotden Leonardo; Ginting, Albina; Tampubolon, Jongkers; Simanjuntak, Trinitatis Havandi; Situmorang, Echa Yohana
Agros Journal of Agriculture Science Vol 26, No 1 (2024): Januari
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Janabadra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37159/jpa.v26i1.3831

Abstract

This research aims to determine the income of coffee farming and goat farming as well as the conditions for empowering coffee farmers in an integrated system with goat farming. The research was conducted in Sub-district Ronggur Nihuta, Samosir District, which was determined deliberately. The population in this research are farmers who have developed coffee farming in an integrated manner with goat farming and have been fostered by the Starbucks Farmer Support Center for 87 families with a sample size of 30 respondents. This research uses primary data obtained through interviews with respondents and secondary data obtained from official sources such as; from the Samosir Regency Central Statistics Agency, and other sources. The data in the research were analyzed descriptively. Based on the research results it was concluded; a) the average income of an integrated coffee farming system with goat farming is IDR 14,150,186.64; b) the average income of goat farming business with an integrated system with coffee commodities IDR 4,685,738.13; c) The empowerment carried out by the Starbucks Farmer Support Center for coffee farmers with an integrated system with goat farming, plays a very important role in encouraging farmers to follow suit; training, counseling, technical guidance and direction regarding the development of integrated coffee farming and goat farming. Based on the research results it is recommended; a) for farmers to optimize the management of coffee farming with goats in an integrated manner, by increasing farmers' understanding and knowledge through counseling, training, processing plant waste for animal feed and fertilizer; b) so that the Starbucks Farmer Support Center carries out ongoing training, especially increasing human resource capabilities. Keywords: integration, coffee, income, livestock,  INTISARIPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapatan usahatani kopi dan ternak kambing serta kondisi pemberdayaan petani kopi sistem integrasi dengan ternak kambing. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Ronggur Nihuta, Kabupaten Samosir yang ditentukan secara sengaja. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah petani yang mengembangkan usahatani kopi secara terintegrasi dengan ternak kambing dan telah dibina Starbuck Farmer Support Centre sebanyak 87 KK dengan jumlah sampel 30 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan responden dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari sumber resmi seperti; dari Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Samosir, dan sumber lainnya. Data dalam penelitian dianalisis secara deskiptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan; a) rata-rata pendapatan usahatani kopi sistem integrasi dengan ternak kambing Rp14.150.186,64; b) rata-rata pendapatan usaha ternak kambing denga system integrasi dengan komoditi kopi Rp4.685.738,13; c) Pemberdayaan yang dilakukan Starbuck  Farmer Support Centre terhadap petani kopi system integrasi dengan ternak kambing, sangat berperan mendorong petani untuk mengikuti; pelatihan, penyuluhan, bimbingan teknis dan arahan terkait pengembangan usahatani kopi-ternak kambing secara terintegrasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disarankan; a) agar petani mengoptimalkan pengelolaan usahatani tanaman kopi dengan ternak kambing secara terintegrasi, melalui pengingkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan petani melalui penyuluhan, pelatihan, pengolahan limbah tanaman untuk pakan ternak dan pupuk; b) agar Starbuck Farmer Support Centre melakukan pembinaan secara berkelanjutan terutama peningkatan kemampuan sumber daya manusia (SDM). Kata kunci: integrasi, kopi, pendapatan, ternak.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Sentra Produksi Komoditi Kopi di Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Albina Ginting; Hotden Leonardo Nainggolan; Gerald Siahaan
Jurnal Agrisep Vol 18, No 1 (2017): Volume 18 Nomor 1 Juni 2017
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study aims to determine the factors that affect the coffee production center and government policy in the development of coffee production in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. Data analysis method in this research is multiple linear regression analysis and descriptive analysis. Based on the research results can be concluded; (1) the average coffee farming area in Humbang Hasundutan is 0.7 ha, with an average production of 558 kg/ ha and average income of Rp. 5,833,092.5/ year and R C ratio 2.769 so coffee farming in this area is efficient, (2) Value adjusted R2 is 0.832 can be interpreted 83.2% variable of coffee farming production explained variable; (3) Variable area of land and venture capital have positive and significant effect to coffee farming production in Humbang Hasundutan Regency, (4) Government policy in the field of land, capital, price of coffee, education, experience, fertilizer price, it is not enough to ensure the availability of fertilizer, especially subsidized fertilizer, 56% of respondents said that the training of farmers in the framework of human resource development is not sufficient and 55% of respondents said the extension policy to farmers has not supported the development of coffee farming. Based on the result of research suggested to; a) the government facilitates farmers to gain access to capital to develop coffee farming in Humbang Hasundutan Regency, b) the government improves training and extension for farmers and ensures the availability of fertilizers, especially subsidized fertilizers, c) the government undertakes the development of human resources and the development of breeding technology to obtain superior seeds in order to develop coffee farming in Humbang Hasundutan Regency.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN KETAHANAN PANGAN NELAYAN TRADISIONAL DI KOTA SIBOLGA, PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA Nainggolan, Hotden Leonardo; Tampubolon, Marina Mariana; Ginting, Albina; Tampubolon, Yanto R; Panjaitan, Susana Tabah Trina
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 20, No 4 (2024): SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijfst.20.4.214-221

Abstract

Pendapatan nelayan yang rendah cenderung memiliki daya beli yang lemah dan mencerminkan sulitnya mengakses kebutuhan akan pangan, apalagi harga pangan mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan dan ketahanan pangan nelayan tradisional di Kota Sibolga, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Sibolga, pada Juli s/d Nopember 2021 dan lokasi  penelitian ditentukan secara sengaja. Populasi  dalam penelitian  adalah nelayan tradisional yang berada di Kecamatan Sibolga Selatan sebanyak 645 kepala keluarga (kk).  Sampel dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan menggunakan formula slovin dan berdasarkan perhitungan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 42 responden.  Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder dan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan; a) rata-rata pendapatan nelayan tradisional sebesar Rp3.025.921/bulan, dan pendapatan diluar melaut dengan rata-rata Rp954.762/bulan;  b) pengeluaran nelayan tradisional untuk konsumsi pangan rata-rata Rp1.626.417,86/bulan, dengan proporsi pengeluaran pangan terhadap total konsumsi  59%. Pengeluaran untuk non-pangan rata-rata Rp1.130.142,86/bulan; c) Sekitar 60 % responden memiliki proporsi pengeluaran pangan > 60,0%, dengan rata-rata konsumsi Rp1.729.482/ bulan, dengan rata-rata konsumsi non-pangan Rp877.960/ bulan; d) Sebanyak 40% responden memiliki proporsi pengeluaran pangan<60,0%, dengan rata-rata pengeluaran Rp1.474.853/ bulan, dan  pengeluaran konsumsi non-pangan  Rp1.501.000/ bulan.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disarankan; a) agar pemerintah memberikan pelatihan dan penyuluhan yang  berkelanjutan kepada nelayan tradisional di Kota Sibolga terkait dengan peningkatan produksi dan pendapatan nelayan; b) agar pemerintah juga memberikan pelatihan dan penyuluhan kepada nelayan tradisional terkait dengan peningkatan keahanan pangan keluarga; c) agar pemerintah memberikan bantuan sarana dan prasarana serta kemudahan akses modal bagi nelayan tradisional dalam rangka peningkatan pendapatannya.
Analisis Pendapatan Dan Kelembagaan Dalam Mendukung Peningkatan Posisi Tawar Petani Kelapa Sawit Rakyat Di Kabupaten Deli Serdang Sumatera Utara Nainggolan, Hotden Leonardo; Albina Ginting; Jongkers Tampubolon
MAHATANI: Jurnal Agribisnis (Agribusiness and Agricultural Economics Journal) Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Mahatani : Jurnal Agribisnis (Agribusiness and Agricultural Economics Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Garut

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52434/mja.v8i1.42403

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze income and institutions in supporting the improvement of the bargaining position of smallholder oil palm farmers. This study was conducted from June to October 2024. The research sample was 30 samples determined purposively. This study used primary and secondary data and was analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded; a) the income of smallholder oil palm farmers in the research area was IDR 2,560,645/month; b) the existing condition of smallholder oil palm farming institutions is reflected in the existence of; farmers as farm managers, farmer groups, farmer group associations, farmer associations, palm oil processing industries, financing institutions, extension institutions; c) Farming institutions play a role in the development of smallholder oil palm farming, as a social institution and supporting farming; d) Institutions play a role in extension activities and function as economic institutions; e) institutions play a role as information services and act as providers of regional infrastructure services; e) institutions play a role as distribution access to markets and sources of capital for farmers to develop farming businesses. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that the government provide extension and training to smallholder oil palm farmers to improve their understanding of the role of institutions in developing sustainable smallholder oil palm farming businesses so that they can improve the bargaining position of smallholder oil palm farmers. Keywords: bargaining position; farmers; institutions, smallholder oil palm.
Co-Authors Elisabeth Sri Pujiastuti Ferlist Rio Siahaan Ferlist Rio Siahaan Gerald Siahaan Ginting, Musfrianto H Hotden L Nainggolan Hotden Leonardo Nainggolan Johndikson Aritonang Jongkers Tampubolon Jongkers Tampubolon Jongkers Tampubolon K.M.Z Basriwijaya M. H. Siahaan, Toga Manullang, Tri Putra Halomoan Maria R. Sihotang Maria Rumondang Sihotang Memo Alta Putra Gea Musfrianto H Ginting Nainggolan, Hotden Nainggolan, Hotden L Nainggolan, Hotden Leonardo Nainggolan Omirais Lawolo Pakpahan, Dahlia Panjaitan, Susana Tabah Trina Rio Siahaan, Ferlist Ritha Tarigan Sarma Insani Bakkara Siahaan, Ferlist Rio Simanjuntak, Trinitatis Simanjuntak, Trinitatis Havandi Situmorang, Echa Situmorang, Echa Yohana Situmorang, Nolima Susana Tabah Trina Susana Tabah Trina Susana Tabah Trina Susana Tabah Trina Sumihar Tabah Trina, Susana Tampubolon, Marina Mariana Tampubolon, Yanto R Tampubolon, Yanto R. Tampubolon, Yanto Raya Tavi Supriana Toga M. H. Siahaan Trina, Susana Tabah Yanto Raya Tampubolon Yanto Raya Tampubolon