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Effects of Biocatharantine and Colchicine on Ploidy and Morphological Traits of Orange Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai ‘Citra Laga’) Setiyobudi, Rizal Hermawan; Yusuf, Adib Fakhruddin; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 46, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v46i3.4197

Massive production of watermelon is correlated with its nutritional value and attractive appearance. Intensification of plant breeding through polyploidization is of utmost importance in horticulture to improve productivity with desirable morphological traits. Colchicine is a common polyploid inducer with limitations, including effects on plant viability and high costs. Another anti-mitotic agent has been developed from Catharanthus roseus ethanolic extract, but the applicative provisions need further exploration. This research focuses on the efficacy and performance of biocatharantine and colchicine in improving ploidy levels with morphological evaluation on orange watermelon ‘Citra Laga’. Mature seeds were treated with 2% biocatharantine and 0.2% colchicine for 12 and 24 hours. Generally, major morphological traits are unchanged, with significant differences found only in the width of leaves and color characteristics. Flow cytometry is performed to assess the ploidy level of plant cells. Mixoploid plants containing 2C+4C+8C DNA are produced by colchicine, but the lowest germination rate is found to have a negative effect. Biocatharantine increases the peak intensities of tetraploid 4C DNA within mixoploid plants with minimum risk to plant viability. This research discovers the potential of biocatharantine as an anti-mitotic agent, with an evaluation of the octaploid success of orange watermelon ‘Citra Laga’ mediated by colchicine.

Downy Mildew Infection in Indonesian Melon Cultivar 'Melona' Based on Morphological and Anatomical Characters Angellya, Bunga Finovel; Yusuf, Adib Fakhruddin; Wibowo, Wiko Arif; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.8597

Melons are a horticultural crop of the Cucurbitaceae family with high economic value and worldwide distribution. The 'Melona' variety is the result of breeding selection from commercial melons in Indonesia and has a golden yellow skin color with lobes, crisp flesh, and a high degree of sweetness. Downy mildew is a fungal infection that attacks the leaves of the plant causing brownish-yellow-colored symptoms. Downy mildew can cause crop failure under extreme conditions as the plant loses its productive capacity. Infection levels were observed by scoring and calculating disease index scores. The morphology of healthy and diseased plants was documented and analyzed descriptively. Anatomical features of healthy and diseased leaves were compared using anatomical observations on leaf cross-sections. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using the T-test analysis method with a 5% significance level. Melona's resistance to downy mildew is in the tolerant to susceptible category. Chlorosis and necrotic spots on the leaves and stunted growth are symptoms of downy mildew infection. Healthy leaves had a greater axial and abaxial epidermal thickness, a lower mesophyll thickness, a smaller cell size and a better quantity and quality of trichomes than leaves infected with downy mildew.

INTRA-SPESIFIC DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLY PEA (Clitoria ternatea L.) REVEALED BY ISSR WITH INVARIABLE ITS RECORDS Yusuf, Adib Fakhruddin; Latifah, Vida Rahma; Nurcahyati, Vivi Indah; Nurhasanah, Anggun Diyan; Widyasari, Adristi Shafa; Nainggolan, Ananto Puradi; Hasibuan, Aldy Riau Wansyah; Hidayat, Madyan Akmal; Karmilah, Karmilah; Pratiwi, Arini Dian; Aurantika, Rindu; Hasanah, Muslifah; Aristya, Ganies Riza; Handayani, Niken Satuti Nur; Arisuryanti, Tuty; Lesmana, Indra; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025): BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 1 April 2025
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2025.32.1.2362

Article Highlights:- The ITS region exhibits no genetic variation among butterfly pea genotypes.- ISSR reveals high polymorphism, proving effective for genetic diversity analysis.- White single and purple single genotypes show the greatest genetic distance.- ISSR-6 ((CT)₈TG) demonstrates the highest polymorphism and reliability for assessment.- The ITS sequences have been deposited in GenBank under the accession IDs PQ198055–PQ198061. ABSTRACTClitoria ternatea L., a perennial plant in the Fabaceae, is recognized for its resilience in tropical climates and its diverse applications in both culinary and medicinal fields. However, the limited exploration of its genetic diversity constrains breeding efforts aimed at improving desirable traits. This limitation highlights the need to optimize selection strategies, identify superior genotypes, and preserve valuable genetic resources for long-term conservation and crop enhancement. This study aimed to explore genetic variation using molecular markers to analyze C. ternatea genotypes based on petal architecture and color differences. To assess the genetic diversity of C. ternatea, Sanger sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers were applied to seven wild populations from Sleman, Yogyakarta. The ITS region exhibited no genetic variation, indicating its conserved nature and limited ability to differentiate genotypes. In contrast, ISSR markers effectively detected genetic variation, identifying 62 polymorphic fragments out of 162 total bands. The highest genetic distance (0.297) was observed between the WS and PS genotypes, whereas the double-petal genotypes (WD and PD) displayed the closest phenetic relationship. Among the ISSR primers, UBC-808, UBC-812, and ISSR-6 exhibited high PIC and RP values, confirming their reliability in genetic diversity analysis. These results underscore the utility of ISSR markers as a robust tool for genetic diversity assessment, offering valuable insights for breeding programs and germplasm conservation in C. ternatea.

Gama Melon Parfum, a Potential Melon Genotype Tolerant of Salinity Stress Nugroho, Giri; Chikmawati, Tatik; Sartika, Dian; Yusuf, Adib Fakhruddin; Putro, Karso Suryo; Latifah, Vida Rahma; Daryono, Budi Setiadi; Wibowo, Anjar Tri; Nurhayati, Awik Puji Dyah; Meitha, Karlia; Miftahudin, Miftahudin
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Melona, Tacapa Gold, and Gama Melon Parfum are novel Melon genotypes that have been introduced for cultivation in the saline-prone coastal region of Bocor Beach, Kebumen, Central Jawa. Elevated salt concentrations in the area pose challenges, impacting yield. The potential of these new genotypes for saline land remains unexplored. This study aimed to assess the morphophysiological and molecular responses of these genotypes to salinity stress. Seeds were germinated in cocopeat and ABmix 3000 solution and treated with 220 mM NaCl until harvest. The analysis included morphology, chlorophyll content, proline accumulation, malondialdehyde levels, and gene expression were analyzed. After 1 week of salinity stress, the results showed reduced plant height, leaf number, stomatal density, percentage of opened stomata, and width and length of leaves. The malondialdehyde, proline, and root-shoot dry mass ratio increased. The expression of CSD1-1, P5CR, and late embryogenesis abundant genes increased under salinity treatment. Gama Melon Parfum exhibits salt tolerance, as indicated by higher P5CR gene expression, proline accumulation, and leaf-relative water content. P5CR gene expression, proline accumulation, and leaf-relative water content are valuable indicators of salt tolerance for assessing melon genotypes.

Pembuatan sediaan gel dari ekstrak melon (Cucumis melo L. “Gama Melon Parfum”) di Laboratorium Farmasi Universitas Gadjah Mada Nurdilfa, Nurdilfa; Meriem, Selis; Sulaiman, â€ªTeuku Nanda Saifullah; Yusuf, Adib Fakhruddin; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
Filogeni: Jurnal Mahasiswa Biologi Vol 4 No 1 (2024): Januari-April
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/filogeni.v4i1.34887

Kosmetika bahan alam saat ini menjadi penggunaan yang sangat esensial misalnya penggunaan Gama Melon Parfum sebagai bahan baku pembuatan gel, karena penggunaan tumbuhan sebagai bahan dasar kosmetika memiliki bahan baku yang aman untuk digunakan dan memiliki efek samping yang lebih kecil. Gama Melon Parfum merupakan melon yang saat ini dikembangkan oleh Universitas Gadjah Mada yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku kosmetik alami karena memiliki metabolit sekunder berupa flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid dan cucurbitacin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembuatan gel dari ekstrak Gama Melon Parfum. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimental, yang terdiri atas pembuatan ekstrak melon melalui metode dekokta (pemanasan) dan pembuatan gel. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan yaitu sediaan gel dengan banyak gelembung udara di dalamnya disebabkan karena proses pengadukan yang terlalu cepat dan banyaknya udara yang masuk pada saat pembuatan sediaan gel. Hal ini menunjukkan proses pembuatan gel harus diperhatikan agar mendapatkan sediaan gel yang sesuai.

Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats Application on the Identification of Genetic Variation of a New Indonesian Melon Cultivar “Melona” Salsabila, Tantri Ajeng Salma; Yusuf, Adib Fakhruddin; Wibowo, Wiko Arif; Kusnanda, Prima Sekti; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The field of identification of molecular markers has seen significant advancements, with the Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) emerging as a prominent tool for characterizing genetic variation within species. This study focuses on the new Indonesian melon cultivar “Melona,” developed through selective breeding of commercial melons. This study aimed to assess the utility of ISSR markers in evaluating the genetic variation and stability of the “Melona” cultivar. Comparisons were made with established cultivars—‘Inthanon,” “Rich Sweetness,” “Chamoe,” and “Hikapel”—using five ISSR primers: UBC 807, UBC 808, UBC 810, UBC 812, and UBC 826. A total of 70 DNA fragments with a high polymorphism rate were produced, thereby providing insight into phenetic relationships among the cultivars with simi-larity indices <70%. These genetic distinctions were corroborated through morphological evaluations. These findings indicate that ISSR markers effectively reveal genetic variation within species, offering a practical approach for devel-oping new plant varieties in the Cucurbitaceae family.

Downy Mildew Infection in Indonesian Melon Cultivar 'Melona' Based on Morphological and Anatomical Characters Angellya, Bunga Finovel; Yusuf, Adib Fakhruddin; Wibowo, Wiko Arif; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.8597

Melons are a horticultural crop of the Cucurbitaceae family with high economic value and worldwide distribution. The 'Melona' variety is the result of breeding selection from commercial melons in Indonesia and has a golden yellow skin color with lobes, crisp flesh, and a high degree of sweetness. Downy mildew is a fungal infection that attacks the leaves of the plant causing brownish-yellow-colored symptoms. Downy mildew can cause crop failure under extreme conditions as the plant loses its productive capacity. Infection levels were observed by scoring and calculating disease index scores. The morphology of healthy and diseased plants was documented and analyzed descriptively. Anatomical features of healthy and diseased leaves were compared using anatomical observations on leaf cross-sections. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using the T-test analysis method with a 5% significance level. Melona's resistance to downy mildew is in the tolerant to susceptible category. Chlorosis and necrotic spots on the leaves and stunted growth are symptoms of downy mildew infection. Healthy leaves had a greater axial and abaxial epidermal thickness, a lower mesophyll thickness, a smaller cell size and a better quantity and quality of trichomes than leaves infected with downy mildew.

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