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Family Socioeconomic Status and Risk of Stunting Among Children Under Five Years of Age Nur Safitri Yunus; Sri Andriani Ibrahim; Rini Wahyuni Mohamad
Medical and Health Journal Vol 6 No 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.6.1.19314

Stunting is a chronic nutritional issue among children under five, characterized by a height that is shorter than that of other children the same age. A low family socioeconomic status is a risk factor for stunting, as family finances are closely linked to the ability to secure adequate nutrition, nutritious food, and healthcare services for pregnant women and infants. This study aimed to determine the relationship between family socioeconomic status and the risk of stunting among children under five in Limboto District, Gorontalo Regency. A quantitative, observational-analytic study design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. The sample consisted of 97 children aged 0–24 months, selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires assessing family socioeconomic status and stunting risk. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, yielding a p-value of 0.001 (less than 0.05). These results indicate a significant relationship between family socioeconomic status and the risk of stunting among children under five in Limboto District, Gorontalo Regency. It is hoped that these findings will enhance parents' understanding of how family economic conditions influence stunting risk facilitated by health education at integrated health posts (Posyandu) thereby enabling them to take proactive measures to prevent stunting from an early stage.

Sleep Quality and Learning Concentration in School Age Children Ferdiyanto Hendra; Sri Andriani Ibrahim; Rini Wahyuni Mohamad
Medical and Health Journal Vol 6 No 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.6.1.19378

Learning concentration is an individual’s ability to focus attention or thoughts during the learning process, leading to behavioral change. Good concentration allows students to understand the learning material more effectively and encourages greater enthusiasm and motivation during the teaching and learning process. This study aims to analyze the association between sleep quality and learning concentration among school-age children at SDN 16 Limboto Barat, Gorontalo Regency. This study employs a quasi-experimental design with a cross-sectional approach, using purposive sampling to obtain 83 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed both manually and with SPSS version 21, using univariate and bivariate analyses. The results show that the majority of respondents have good sleep quality (70 respondents, 84.3%) and good learning concentration (63 respondents, 75.9%). The results also indicate that sleep quality is associated with learning concentration among school-age children at SDN 16 Limboto Barat, Gorontalo Regency with a value of 0.000 < α (0.05). These results are expected to serve as a foundation for efforts to improve the sleep quality of school-age children in order to support learning concentration.

Implementation of Puzzle Play Therapy to Reduce Hospitalization Anxiety in Preschool Children with Febrile Seizures: A Case Study Astriyani Ali; Rini Wahyuni Mohamad
Medical and Health Journal Vol 6 No 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.6.1.20589

Hospitalization is an experience that can cause anxiety in preschool children due to changes in their environment, invasive medical procedures, and the children’s limited ability to understand their illness. Anxiety that is not properly managed can hinder the treatment process and worsen the child’s condition. One nonpharmacological nursing intervention that can be used to reduce anxiety in preschool children is puzzle play therapy as a form of distraction and developmental stimulation. This study aims to describe the application of puzzle play therapy in reducing hospitalization anxiety levels in preschool children diagnosed with febrile seizures in the pediatric ward of Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe General Hospital in Gorontalo City. The method used was a case study with a nursing care approach that included assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The interventions carried out were anxiety reduction and puzzle play therapy, conducted over three days. Anxiety levels were assessed through observation of the children’s behavior using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS). The results of the intervention showed a decrease in the anxiety score from 86.6 (severe anxiety) to 31.6 (mild anxiety), as well as changes in the child’s emotional responses and behavior, marked by a reduction in crying and restlessness; the child appeared calmer, more cooperative, and able to interact with the nurses. The conclusion of this case study indicates that the application of puzzle play therapy as part of nursing care, along with therapeutic communication and parental involvement, can support children’s adaptation process during hospitalization.

Application of Balloon Blowing Therapy in Improving Respiratory Function in Children with Bronchopneumonia in Pediatric Treatment Warning: A Case Report Alpionita Adam; Rini Wahyuni Mohamad
Medical and Health Journal Vol 6 No 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.6.1.20594

Bronchopneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children in Indonesia. It is characterized by inflammation of the lower respiratory tract, resulting in impaired respiratory function, including shortness of breath (tachypnea), secretion retention, and reduced pulmonary ventilation. One of the non-pharmacological nursing interventions that can be implemented to improve respiratory function is balloon blowing therapy. This therapy is a breathing exercise designed to enhance lung expansion, strengthen the respiratory muscles, facilitate secretion clearance, and provide a relaxation effect that supports the implementation of atraumatic care in children. This study aimed to describe the effect of balloon blowing therapy on respiratory function in a child diagnosed with bronchopneumonia at Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe Regional General Hospital, Gorontalo City. The study employed a case study design involving a six-year-old child (M.A.E.) diagnosed with bronchopneumonia who presented with shortness of breath, difficulty expectorating sputum, and additional breath sounds (rhonchi). Balloon blowing therapy was administered as part of airway management for three consecutive days, with each session lasting 10–15 minutes. Evaluation was conducted by measuring the respiratory rate (RR) before and after the intervention and by observing the patient's clinical condition. The results demonstrated a gradual decrease in RR, from 39 to 37 breaths/minute on the first day, from 36 to 34 breaths/minute on the second day, and from 32 to 27 breaths/minute on the third day, reaching the normal range for the patient's age. In addition, shortness of breath decreased, sputum was expelled more easily, and rhonchi diminished. Balloon blowing therapy has the potential to improve respiratory function in children with bronchopneumonia and may be considered a complementary non-pharmacological nursing intervention. However, further studies involving larger sample sizes and more rigorous research designs are required to confirm its effectiveness.

Parental Smoking Behavior Inside the Home and Pneumonia Incidence Among Under-Five Children Vivi Suryaningsih Suratman; Sri Andriani Ibrahim; Rini Wahyuni Mohamad
Medical and Health Journal Vol 6 No 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Pneumonia is an acute lower respiratory tract infection that remains a major health problem among infants and young children worldwide, including in Indonesia. Globally, pneumonia poses a serious health threat, with more than 700,000 deaths occurring among infants and young children each year. This situation is also evident in Gorontalo Province, where reported cases of pneumonia have increased annually from 2021 to 2024, with the highest number of cases in Gorontalo City recorded at the Dungingi Community Health Center. Exposure to secondhand smoke indoors is a modifiable risk factor for pneumonia; however, local evidence regarding the association between parental smoking behavior and the incidence of pneumonia among infants in Gorontalo City remains limited. This study aims to analyze the association between parental smoking behavior indoors and the incidence of pneumonia among toddlers in the service area of the Dungingi Community Health Center in Gorontalo City. The study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 95 respondents selected using accidental sampling. Data on smoking behavior were collected via a structured questionnaire, while data on pneumonia incidence were obtained from medical records. Analyses were conducted using univariate and bivariate methods, including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results showed that the majority of respondents exhibited moderate smoking behavior (80.0%), followed by high (15.8%) and low (4.2%) levels, and 18.9% of toddlers were diagnosed with pneumonia. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between parental smoking behavior indoors and the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers (p=0.011). These findings suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke in the home environment is associated with an increased incidence of pneumonia in toddlers. The study results can serve as a basis for strengthening education on smoke-free homes as part of pneumonia prevention efforts at the family level and in primary health care.

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