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INDONESIA
e-GIGI
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 2338199X     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
JURNAL e-Gigi diterbitkan oleh Perhimpunan Ahli Anatomi Indonesia (Komisariat Manado) bekerja sama dengan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Jurnal ini diterbitkan 2 (dua) kali setahun (Juni, Desember). e-Gigi memuat artikel telaah (review article), hasil penelitian, dan laporan kasus dalam bidang ilmu kedokteran gigi.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 593 Documents
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Management of Localized Gingival Overgrowth in Patient under Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Case Report Neira N. Sakinah; Yuliana M. D. Arina; Depi Praharani; Peni Pujiastuti; Desi S. Sari; Melok A. Wahyukundari
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.40683

Abstract

Abstract: Recently, the need for orthodontic treatment has increased along with the increasing need and public awareness of the importance of dental and oral health. During treatment, problems sometimes occur with periodontal tissue. Orthodontic devices that bond to the tooth surface can cause difficulties in controlling plaque, especially in marginal areas which can cause inflammation and gingival overgrowth. Too high tensile strength and weak tissue capacity are also the factors that can cause gingival overgrowth. This case report described the management of gingival growth in a patient under fixed orthodontic treatment. We reported an 18-year-old female patient with a good systemic condition that had gingival overgrowth localized on the anterior part of mandibula. The surgical intervention was performed by using conventional surgical methods. Its goal was to remove the gingival pocket, therefore, the plaque could be easily controlled. The use of a scalpel was considered very effective for eliminating excessive gingiva. Two weeks after surgical treatment, the gum resulted in good repair. The continuity of orthodontic treatment could be achieved properly after 3-month surgical treatment. Instructions and motivation to maintain oral hygiene were important to avoid recurrence. In addition, multidisciplinary dentistry between orthodontist and periodontist was needed to achieve a better result. Keywords: gingival overgrowth; gingivectomy; orthodontic appliance
Efforts to Modify Dental Practices in Badung Regency in Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic Desak Nyoman A. Susanti; Putri Rejeki; Alexander K. Wijaya
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.40883

Abstract

Abstract: Dentist has a high risk of being infected of COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the practice modification efforts carried out by dentists in Badung regency in facing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a mixed method design with a sequential explanatory strategy. Quantitative research was conducted with a questionnaire that was arranged based on PB PDGI guidelines and has been tested for validity and reliability with 72 respondents. Qualitative research was conducted by doing in-depth interview with two informants who had filled out the questionnaire to find out the reasons for the choice of answers and the possibility of other practice modifications carried out. The results showed that modifications to patient management procedures have been carried out such as screening the patients, asking patients to wash their hands, limiting the distance in the waiting room, and measuring body temperature. Modifications to the transmission prevention management carried out by dentists such as the use of complete PPE, limiting the duration of contact with patients, asking patients to rinse their mouth with povidone iodine, and installing exhaust fans in the practice room. The modifications that are slightly carried out are delaying the elective treatment and the use of rubber dams. In conclusion, dentists in Badung regency have made 83% modifications to patient management procedures and 93% modifications to the transmission prevention management recommended by PDGI, while the use of rubber dam is the least modification effort done because dentists are not used to it.Keywords: COVID-19; dentist; practice modification  Abstrak: Dokter gigi merupakan profesi yang memiliki risiko tinggi tertular Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya modifikasi praktik yang dilakukan dokter gigi di Kabupaten Badung dalam menghadapi pandemi COVID-19. Desain penelitian ialah mixed method dengan strategi eksplanatoris sekuensial. Penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner yang disusun berdasarkan pedoman PB PDGI dan telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya dengan 72 responden. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam kepada dua orang informan yang telah mengisi kuesioner untuk mengetahui alasan pilihan jawaban serta kemungkinan modifikasi praktik lainnya yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan modifikasi prosedur tata kelola pasien yang telah dilakukan seperti melakukan skrining pasien, meminta pasien mencuci tangan, membatasi jarak di ruang tunggu, dan pengukuran suhu tubuh. Modifikasi tata laksana pencegahan transmisi yang dilakukan dokter gigi seperti penggunaan APD lengkap, membatasi durasi kontak dengan pasien, meminta pasien berkumur dengan povidone iodine, serta pemasangan exhaust fan di ruang praktik. Modifikasi yang masih sedikit dilakukan yaitu penundaan perawatan yang bersifat elektif serta penggunaan rubber dam. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah dokter gigi di Kabupaten Badung telah melakukan 83% modifikasi prosedur tata kelola pasien dan 93% modifikasi tata laksana pencegahan transmisi yang direkomendasikan oleh PDGI, sedangkan penggunaan rubber dam merupakan upaya modifikasi yang paling sedikit dilakukan (33%) dikarenakan dokter gigi belum terbiasa.Kata kunci: COVID-19; dokter gigi; modifikasi praktik
Oral Manifestation of Sexual Transmitted Diseases Milinia Mongkaren; Aurelia S. R. Supit; Christy N. Mintjelungan; Janno B. B. Bernadus
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.41029

Abstract

Abstract: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are transmitted through sexual contact, and can manifest in the oral cavity. This study aimed to determine the oral manifestations of STDs. This was a literature review study using two databases namely Google scholar and PubMed. The results obtained six cross-sectional studies. Oral manifestations that could occur in patients with STD were necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, necrotizing ulcerative stoma-titis, linear gingival erythema, oral candidiasis, sarcoma Kaposi, oral hairy leukoplakia, gonococcal stomatitis, chancre, condyloma acuminata, snail track, and gumma. Oral manifestations caused by bacteria were necrotizing ulcerative gingiva, necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, necrotizing ulcera-tive stomatitis, gonococcal stomatitis, chancre, snail track, linear gingival erythema, and gumma. Oral manifestation caused by fungi was oral candidiasis and oral manifestations caused by viruses were oral hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi sarcoma, and condyloma acuminata. In conclusion, oral mani-festations of STDs can caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The most common oral manifestation of STDs is oral candidiasis.Keywords: oral manifestations; sexually transmitted diseases Abstrak: Penyakit menular seksual (PMS) merupakan infeksi yang ditularkan melalui hubungan seksual, yang dapat bermanifestasi pada rongga mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manifestasi oral PMS. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature study. Penelitian ini mempelajari tentang manifestasi oral penyakit menular seksual dengan menggunakan database Google scholar dan PubMed serta tahun publikasi pustaka Februari 2011-September 2022. Hasil penelitian mendapat-kan sebanyak enam pustaka. Manifestasi oral yang terjadi pada pasien akibat infeksi PMS ialah necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis, linear gingival erythema, oral candidiasis, sarcoma Kaposi, oral hairy leukoplakia, gonococcal stomatitis, chancre, Condyloma acuminata, snail track, dan gumma. Manifestasi oral yang disebabkan oleh bakteri ialah necrotizing ulcerative gingiva, necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis, gonococcal stomatitis, chancre, snail track, linear gingiva erythema, dan gumma. Manifestasi oral yang disebabkan oleh jamur ialah oral candidiasis dan manifestasi oral yang disebabkan oleh virus yaitu hairy leukoplakia, sarcoma Kaposi dan condyloma acuminata. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah manifestasi oral PMS dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri, jamur dan virus. Manifestasi oral yang terbanyak ditemui yaitu oral candidiasis.Kata kunci: manifestasi oral; penyakit menular seksual
Behavioral Changes in Cleansing Complete Denture among Elderly after Instructions through Video Educational Method Niko Falatehan; Wilson Edric
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.41044

Abstract

Abstract: Tooth loss experienced by elderly can be alleviated with complete denture usage. Good complete denture hygiene behaviour is achieved due to effective instructions from dentists. Generally, instructions are given verbally or written but they are often ineffective due to misunderstanding or being forgotten by patients. Educational video method can be used by dentists to enhance the complete denture hygiene instructions. This study aimed to determine the effect of instructions given through educational video method on the complete denture hygiene behaviours of the elderly. This was an experimental study with the one group pre and posttest approach. Respondents were elderly at Yayasan Bina Bhakti Nursing Home. Hygiene behaviour was measured using a questionnaire and data were processed with SPSS T-Wilcoxon test. Data collection was done twice with same respondents, before and after the instructions were given through video, with 3-week interval. The results showed that complete denture hygiene behaviour of the elderly at Yayasan Bina Bhakti Nursing Home was categorized initially as bad category, and improved to good category after the instructions were given through video. Better hygiene behaviour was found in the elderly respondents (60-74 years old). In conclusion, positive change in complete denture hygiene behaviour was observed in the eldery after instructions through video.Keywords: complete denture hygiene behavior; educational video method; elderly Abstrak: Kehilangan gigi yang dialami oleh lanjut usia (lansia) dapat teratasi dengan penggunaan gigi tiruan lengkap (GTL). Perilaku pembersihan GTL yang baik tercipta melalui pemberian instruk-si yang efektif dari dokter gigi. Secara umum pemberian instruksi dapat secara lisan dan tulisan, namun seringkali hal tersebut kurang efektif karena dapat disalahartikan dan dilupakan oleh pasien. Penggunaan metode edukasi video dapat dimanfaatkan oleh dokter gigi untuk menunjang pemberian instruksi kepada pasien lansia mengenai pemeliharaan kebersihan GTL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian instruksi melalui metode edukasi video terhadap perilaku pembersihan GTL pada lansia. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan one group pre and posttest design. Perilaku lansia diukur menggunakan kuesioner dan data diproses dengan SPSS uji T-Wilcoxon. Pengambilan data dilakukan dua kali pertemuan dengan individu yang sama, sebelum dan setelah menerima instruksi melalui video dengan interval waktu tiga minggu. Responden penelitian ialah lansia di Panti Werdha Yayasan Bina Bhakti. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan perilaku pembersihan GTL dari responden sebelum diberikan instruksi berada pada kategori buruk dan terdapat peningkatan menjadi kategori baik setelah diberikan instruksi melalui video. Perilaku yang lebih baik ditemukan pada responden elderly (60-74 tahun). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perubahan perilaku pembersihan GTL pada lansia setelah diberikan instruksi melalui metode edukasi video.Kata kunci: perilaku pembersihan GTL; metode edukasi video; lanjut usia
Management of Exfoliative Cheilitis Sarah Mersil; NIcholas Limanda
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.41102

Abstract

Abstract: Cheilitis is an inflammation of the vermilion border of lips. Exfoliative cheilitis occurs on the upper and lower lips in the form of exfoliation of the keratinized surface’s lips, accompanied by redness and edema. We reported a 21-year-old female patient, a dental student, with a chief complaint of sores on the cracked lower and upper lips, and bleeding since two weeks ago. She was not sure when this condition started, but she had realized it for almost three years. The patient used to feel dry lips, therefore she licked and sucked her lips and then peeled the dry surface off. She did not drink enough water, did not like fruits and vegetables very well, and was allergic to certain lipsticks, so, she discontinued using it since one year ago. She treated her lips with lip balm, but it did not show any improvement. Extraoral examination showed that the lower lip was not covered by epithelia, there was a blackish red crust of 1 cm around the vermilion border mixed with exfoliating yellowish crust. Several fissures were seen on the upper and lower lips associated with erythema. This patient was diagnosed as exfoliative cheilitis and was managed with applying lip balm and triamcinolone acetonide 0.1%, twice a day that showed satisfying result. In conclusion, in managing exfoliative cheilitis, the causative factors have to be determined and controlled, and administration of topical steroid and moisturizer showed significant improvement.Keywords: exfoliative cheilitis; steroids Abstrak: Keilitis adalah adanya inflamasi pada vermilion border bibir. Kasus keilitis eksfoliatif terjadi pada bibir atas dan bawah berupa pengelupasan permukaan keratin bibir, disertai adanya kemerahan dan edema pada bibir. Kami melaporkan kasus seorang pasien perempuan 21 tahun, mahasiswi, dengan keluhan sariawan di bibir bawah dan atas tampak pecah-pecah, berdarah dan perih sejak dua minggu lalu. Tidak diketahui pasti sejak kapan kondisi ini dialami, namun mulai disadari sejak sekitar tiga tahun. Pasien sering merasa bibir kering, sering menjilat/menghisap bibir kemudian mengelupasnya. Kurang minum air, kurang menyukai buah-buahan dan sayur, serta alergi pemakaian lipstik tertentu dan sudah dihentikan sejak satu tahun lalu. Sudah melakukan pengobatan dengan lip balm, namun tidak menunjukkan perubahan. Pemeriksaan klinis ekstraoral menunjukkan sebagian besar bibir bawah tidak tertutupi epitel, terdapat krusta merah kehitaman ±1cm sekitar batas vermilion bercampur dengan krusta kekuningan hampir mengelupas (eksfoliasi). Beberapa fisur terlihat pada bagian bibir atas dan bawah disertai eritema. Pasien didiagnosis sebagai keilitis eksfoliatif. Penatalaksanaan dengan melanjutkan pemakaian lip balm dan pemberian obat oles bibir triamcinolone acetonide 0,1%, dipakai dua kali sebelum penggunaan lip balm yang memberikan hasil memuaskan. Simpulan kasus ini ialah dalam penatalaksanaan kasus keilitis eksfoliatif harus ditentukan faktor penyebab dan dikendalikan. Pemberian steroid topikal dan pelembab memberikan perbaikan yang berarti.Kata kunci: keilitis eksfoliatif; steroid
Management of Primary Tooth in Agenesis of Lateral Incisor of Upper Jaw Amelia Nurmaldiana; Jeffrey Jeffrey
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.41279

Abstract

Abstract: Agenesis is commonly found in maxillary lateral incisors with a relative high preva-lence. We reported a case of agenesis of the lateral upper incisor associated with dental caries. A 20-year-old man came to Unjani Dental Hospital with a complaint of cavities in the left upper incisor. His only complaint was lack of confidence due to the dental caries; no complaint of pain. At the first visit, anamnesis and clinical examination were performed on him. Oral hygiene was good. Tooth 63 had moderate caries, vital, no mobility, and the percussion and pressure tests were negative. Radiography examination revealed agenesis of tooth 22. This case was confirmed as reversible pulpitis of tooth 63, associated with agenesis of tooth 22. First treatment was restoration of the labial surface of tooth 63 using restoration material with the same color (composite).  At the second visit a week after, the examination revealed positive vitality and no more complaint. The purposes of restorative treatment in this patient were to repair caries damage, protect and prevent further damage of the pulp and other tooth structures, reduce symptoms and pain, restore the tooth function, improve esthetics, support good oral hygiene, and maintain the tooth space and arch. In conclusion, primary teeth can be preserved as a substitute for agenesis teeth. Successfull treatment depends on the collaboration between the dentist and the patient.Keywords: agenesis; primary teeth; lateral incisivus lateral of maxilla Abstrak: Umumnya agenesis dijumpai pada gigi insisivus lateral rahang atas dengan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi. Kami melaporkan sebuah kasus agenesis yang terjadi pada gigi insisivus lateral atas disertai karies gigi. Seorang laki-laki berusia 20 tahun datang ke Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut (RSGM) Unjani dengan keluhan adanya gigi berlubang pada gigi depan kiri atas. Pasien tidak mengeluhkan rasa nyeri, hanya merasa kurang percaya diri karena gigi tersebut tampak berlubang. Pada kunjungan pertama pasien dilakukan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan klinis. Didapatkan oral hygiene baik. Gigi 63 mengalami karies media, vital, tidak terdapat kegoyangan, serta tes perkusi dan tes tekan negatif. Pada hasil pemeriksaan radiografi tidak didapatkan adanya benih gigi 22. Diagnosis untuk kasus ini ialah pulpitis reversibel gigi 63 disertai agenesis gigi 22. Perawatan pertama berupa restorasi pada permukaan labial gigi 63 menggunakan bahan restorasi sewarna gigi yaitu komposit. Pasien diminta untuk kembali kontrol setelah satu minggu. Saat kontrol dilakukan pemeriksaan vitalitas gigi dengan hasil positif serta tidak ada keluhan dari pasien. Tujuan perawatan restoratif pada pasien ini ialah memperbaiki kerusakan jaringan akibat karies, melindungi dan mencegah kerusakan pulpa dan struktur gigi, mengurangi gejala dan nyeri, mengembalikan fungsi, meningkatkan estetik, mendukung kebersihan mulut yang baik, dan mempertahankan ruang serta lengkung gigi. Simpulan kasus ini ialah gigi sulung dapat diper-tahankan sebagai pengganti gigi yang mengalami agenesis. Keberhasilan perawatan tergantung pada koordinasi antara dokter gigi dan pasien.Kata kunci: agenesis; gigi sulung; insisivus lateral rahang atas
Effect of Servo Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) extract on Incision Wound Healing Agustina P. Khumara; Henry Y. Mandalas; Vinna K. Sugiaman
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.41503

Abstract

Abstract: Herbal medicines such as Servo tomato containing flavonoids and saponins can increase the number of fibroblasts in the wound tissue, therefore, it can help to speed up wound healing time. This study aimed to determine the effect of servo tomato ethanol extract on wound healing time based on the day of the incision. This was a true laboratory experimental study using 30 male Wistar rats (Rattus Norvegicus) divided into six groups; each group consisted of five rats, Group I was given aquadest as a negative control, Group II was given 10% povidone iodine solution as a positive control, and Groups III-VI were given 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% solutions of Servo tomato ethanol extract, consecutively. The results showed that there were differences in the length of the incision wounds among groups from time to time as a response of wound healing. Incision wound length in Group VI (100%) after seven days had a mean of zero (0.00 mm). The ANOVA test resulted in a p-value of 0.1537 (<0.05) in the six treatment groups. The mean incision length was the shortest in the group applied with 100% Servo tomato ethanol extract. In conclusion, there was an effect of Servo tomato ethanol extract on incision wound healing time on the labial mucosa of male Wistar rats.Keywords: tomato ethanol extract; incision wound; healing time Abstrak: Tanaman herbal seperti tomat Servo yang mengandung flavonoid dan saponin dapat mening-katkan jumlah fibroblas dalam jaringan luka yang membantu mempercepat waktu penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol tomat Servo terhadap waktu penyembuhan luka berdasarkan hari dilakukan insisi. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorik dengan hewan coba tikus Wistar jantan (Rattus norvegicus) berjumlah 30 ekor, dibagi menjadi enam kelompok penelitian; setiap kelompok terdiri dari lima ekor tikus. Kelompok I diberikan larutan aquadest sebagai kontrol negatif, kelompok II diberikan larutan povidone iodine 10% sebagai kontrol positif, dan kelompok III-VI diberikan larutan ekstrak etanol tomat Servo 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan perbedaan panjang luka insisi antar kelompok dari waktu ke waktu sebagai respon penyembuhan luka. Panjang luka insisi pada kelompok VI (100%) setelah tujuh hari memiliki rerata nol (0,00 mm). Hasil uji ANOVA mendapatkan nilai p=0,1537<0,05 pada keenam kelompok perlakuan. Jumlah rerata panjang luka insisi paling kecil pada kelompok yang diaplikasikan dengan ekstrak etanol tomat Servo 100%. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat pengaruh ekstrak etanol tomat Servo (Solanum lycopersicum) terhadap panjang luka selama waktu penyembuhan luka insisi pada mukosa labial tikus Wistar jantan.Kata kunci: ekstrak etanol tomat; luka insisi; waktu penyembuhan
Relationships between Levels of Knowledge and Attitude towards Behavior of Using Personal Protective Equipment among Professional Students at RSGM Baiturrahmah during COVID-19 Pandemic Nada H. Salsabila; Abu Bakar; Ricky Amran; Valendriyani Ningrum
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.41721

Abstract

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection that can cause serious respiratory problems. Several studies stated that the levels of knowledge and attitude about personal protective equipment (PPE) can affect the behavior of using PPE. This study aimed to identify the relationships between levels of knowledge and attitude towards behavior of using PPE among students of the professional stage at RSGM Baiturrahmah during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a quantitative study using an observational and analytical method with a cross sectional design. There were 85 respondents obtained by accidental sampling in this study. Data were collected by giving questionnaires to the respondents. The results showed that most respondents (94.1%) had levels of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of good category. The statistics analyses showed that there were significant relationships between the levels of knowledge and attitude towards behavior of using PPE (p<0.05). In conclusion, there are relationships between the levels of knowledge and attitude towards behavior of using PPE among students at the professional stage at RSGM Baiturrahmah during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: personal protective equipment; knowledge; attitude; behavior; COVID-19 Abstrak: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan infeksi saluran pernapasan yang dapat menyebabkan masalah pernapasan serius. Beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap tentang alat pelindung diri (APD) dapat memengaruhi perilaku penggunaan APD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku penggunaan APD mahasiswa tahap profesi di RSGM Baiturrahmah pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan metode analitik observasional dan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 85 responden yang diambil secara accidental sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan memberikan kuesioner kepada responden. Sebagian besar responden (94,1%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku dengan kategori baik. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku penggunaan APD, masing-masing dengan nilai p<0,05. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku penggunaan APD pada mahasiswa tahap profesi di RSGM Baiturrahmah di masa pandemi COVID-19.Kata kunci: alat pelindung diri; pengetahuan; sikap; perilaku; COVID-19
Effect of Strawberry Extract (Fragaria x ananassa) towards Discoloration of Artificial Teeth due to Tea Immersion Bernadetta S. D. Simamora; Brigitta N. R. Purnomo; Edward K. S. Limijadi; Nadia Hardini
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.44273

Abstract

Abstract: Discoloration of acrylic resin teeth can cause esthetic problem. Alkaline peroxide is commonly used as a denture cleanser, however, due to its side effects, an alternative material such as strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) that contains ellagic acid and malic acid can be used to whiten and clean the teeth. This study was aimed to determine the effect of strawberry extract with concentrations of 65%, 75%, 85%, and 95% towards discoloration of artificial tooth due to tea immersion. This was an experimental laboratory study with a pre-test and post-test control group design. Artificial teeth made from acrylic resin were tested for color changes after immersion in tea for seven days followed by immersion in strawberry extract with concentrations of 65%, 75%, 85%, 95%, and alkaline peroxide for seven days. Color measurement was carried out using the chromameter and CIE L*a*b* system. Paired t-test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in all values of 'L', 'a', and 'b' groups before and after treatment except for the value of 'b' immersion with alkaline peroxide and 75% strawberry extract. One way Anova test showed significant results in all groups. The strongest to the weakest tea stain cleanser was the group of 95% strawberry extract, 85% strawberry extract, alkaline peroxide, 75% strawberry extract, and 65% strawberry extract, respectively. In conclusion, strawberry extract at 65%, 75%, 85%, and 95% concen-tration affected the brightness of discolored artificial tooth due to tea immersion. The best change in brightness occurred at 95% concentration of strawberry extract.Keywords: strawberry extract; discoloration; artificial tooth; tea; alkaline peroxide Abstrak: Diskolorasi anasir gigi tiruan resin akrilik dapat menyebabkan masalah estetik. Alkalin peroksida merupakan pembersih gigi tiruan yang umum digunakan dengan beberapa efek samping sehingga diperlukan bahan alternatif seperti buah stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa) yang mengandung asam elagat (ellagic acid) dan asam malat (melic acid) yang dapat digunakan untuk memutihkan dan membersihkan gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak stroberi konsentrasi 65%, 75%, 85%, dan 95% terhadap diskolorasi pada anasir gigi tiruan akibat perendaman teh. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratoris dengan pre-test and post-test control group design. Anasir gigi tiruan berbahan resin akrilik diuji perubahan warna setelah direndam teh selama tujuh hari dan setelah direndam ekstrak stroberi dengan konsentrasi sebesar 65%, 75%, 85%, 95%, serta alkalin peroksida selama tujuh hari. Pengukuran warna dilakukan dengan menggunakan chromameter sistem CIE L*a*b*. Hasil uji paired t-test menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) pada semua nilai ‘L’, ‘a’, dan ‘b’ kelompok sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan kecuali pada nilai ‘b’ perendaman dengan alkalin peroksida dan ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 75%. Hasil uji one way Anova menunjukkan hasil bermakna pada semua kelompok. Pembersihan noda teh terkuat hingga terlemah yaitu pada kelompok ekstrak stroberi 95%, ekstrak stroberi 85%, alkalin peroksida, ekstrak stroberi 75%, dan ekstrak stroberi 65% secara berturut. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat pengaruh ekstrak stroberi konsentrasi 65%, 75%, 85%, dan 95% terhadap kecerahan anasir gigi tiruan yang telah terdiskolorasi oleh teh. Perubahan kecerahan terbesar terjadi pada ekstrak stroberi konsentrasi 95%.Kata kunci: ekstrak stroberi; diskolorasi; anasir gigi tiruan; teh; alkalin peroksida
Potency of Young Coconut Water as a Mouthwash to Saliva pH and Flow Rate in Smokers Yunita P. D. Nurazizah; Dian Lesmana; Silvi Kintawati
e-GiGi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v10i2.44279

Abstract

Abstract: Smoking causes harmful effects on health, especially the oral cavity. However, the oral cavity has saliva as a defence system that can eliminate harmful substances from the body. Normally saliva secreted by the salivary glands has a pH of 6.7-7.4 while in smokers the pH tends to be more acidic. This study aimed to determine the potential of coconut water as a natural mouthwash on the pH and salivary flow in smokers. This was a literature review study by searching scientific journals in Indonesian and English from 2019-2020 through search engines at SINTA, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were young coconut water, gargling, cigarette, salivary flow rate, smoking, and salivary pH. The results obtained 17 suitable articles. Individuals who smoked more than 10 cigarettes/day, more than 6 years could have decreased pH and salivary flow. Therefore, coconut water was needed to reduce its effect, which was believed could increase pH and salivary flow. Coconut water had a pH that was almost the same as normal pH of saliva, which was 7.3. Coconut water contained tannins which gave a bitter taste, therefore, it stimulated salivary secretion and increased pH and salivary flow. In conclusion, young coconut water has a pH which is similar with normal saliva, therefore, it could become a natural potential mouthwash to increase pH and salivary flow in smokers. Keywords: young coconut water; mouthwash; salivary flow rate; smoking; salivary pH Abstrak: Merokok memberikan efek berbahaya bagi kesehatan terutama rongga mulut karena mengandung kurang lebih 5000 bahan kimia yang berbahaya. Rongga mulut memiliki saliva sebagai sistem pertahanan yang dapat mengeliminasi zat berbahaya dari tubuh. Cairan saliva disekresikan oleh kelenjar saliva 0,5-1,5 liter/hari dengan pH 6,7-7,4 sedangkan pH pada perokok cenderung lebih asam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi air kelapa sebagai cairan kumur alami terhadap pH dan aliran saliva perokok. Metode penelitian berupa literature review dengan mencari jurnal ilmiah berbahasa Indonesia dan Inggris dari tahun 2019-2020 melalui mesin pencarian di SINTA, PubMed, dan google scholar dengan kata kunci: air kelapa muda, berkumur, laju aliran saliva, merokok, pH saliva, rokok. Hasil pencarian mendapatkan 17 artikel yang sesuai. Individu yang merokok lebih dari 10 batang/hari lebih dari enam tahun dapat mengalami penurunan pH dan aliran saliva. Dibutuhkan upaya untuk menguranginya, salah satunya dengan berkumur menggunakan air kelapa, yang diyakini dapat meningkatkan pH dan aliran saliva. Hal ini terjadi karena air kelapa memiliki pH yang sama seperti pH normal yaitu 7,3. Air kelapa mengandung tannin yang memberikan rasa pahit sehingga merangsang sekresi saliva yang dapat meningkatkan pH dan aliran saliva. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah air kelapa mempunyai pH mendekati pH saliva normal sehingga dapat menjadi potensi alami untuk meningkatkan pH dan laju aliran saliva pada perokok. Kata kunci: air kelapa muda; berkumur; laju aliran saliva; merokok; pH saliva

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