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INDONESIA
Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,118 Documents
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Spectrum of Digestive Tract Diseases 1985-1987 at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Pirngadi General Hospital, Medan Siregar, Charles Darwin; Sinuhaji, Atan Baas; Sutanto, A. H.
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 30 No. 5-6 (1990): May-June 1990
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

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Abstract

A retrospective study has been done on infants and children attending to the Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic of Dr.Pirngadi General Hospital in Medan, from 1985 through 1987. During the study there were 874 patients, 477 (54,58%) suffered from diarrhea, 209 (23,91%) had bloody stool, 20 (2,99%) jaundice, 57 (6,52%) abdominal pain, 48 (5,49%) abdominal distention, 30 (3,43%) vomiting, 13 (1,49%) constipation, and 20 (2,29%) others. Of all cases with diarrhoea, watery diarrhoea were found in only 319 (66,88%), diarrhoea with vomiting 84 (17,61%), and bloody diarrhoea 74 (15,51%). Stool examination in patients with diarrhoea revealed 144 (30,19%) cases with Candida albicans, while 16 (3,35%) of them with steatorrhoea. Of 63 patients with diarrhoea on which the clinitest had been performed, sugar intolerance were found in 30 (47,62%) cases.
lntussusception at the Pediatric Ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan Lubis, Azwan Hakmi; Sinuhaji, Atan Baas; Sutanto, A. H.; Yosodiharjo, Asmui
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 30 No. 5-6 (1990): May-June 1990
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

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Abstract

A retrospective study had been conducted on hospitalized infants and children in the Pediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan from January 1, 1987 through December 31, 1988. The purpose is to assess the incidence and clinical manifestations of intussusception. During the same period, there were 6484 infants and children hospitalized, 39 (0.6%) with intussusception, consisting of 23 (58.9%) males and (41.1%) females. Most of the cases (53.85%) were in the age group of 4-6 months. Thirty four patients (87,12%) were well-nourished, and 5 patients (12.82%) were undernourished. The major symptoms of intussusception were bloody diarrhoea (87.17%), vomiting (82.05%) and abdominal distention (66.41%). Successful reposition with barium enema occured in I (20%) out of 5 patients. The major symptoms of intussusception were bloody diarrhoea (87.17%), vomiting. Surgical intervention was performed in 22 patients (56.41%). The result was as follows: discharged in good condition in 15 (68.18%) and deaths occurred in the remaining cases (7 cases = 31.82%). Of those 7 cases who died after operation, 2 cases were hospitalized in less than 2 days, 3 cases in less than 3 days and the remaining 2 cases in more than 3 days, after the symptoms developed.
Short Chain Peptide in the Treatment of Chronic Diarrhoea with Protein Maldigestion/Malabsorption Suharyono, Suharyono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 30 No. 5-6 (1990): May-June 1990
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

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Abstract

A trial using formula Pepti Junior (Nutricia, Holland) containing short chain pep­tides (SCP) was done for treating 35 children suffering from chronic diarrhoea with pro­tein inaldigestion/malabsorption. The other 30 children who suffered from those diseases were treated with non-SCP formula, as a control. Tryptic activity test of duodenal juice was performed 2 or 3 times with a 4-week-interval. The results indicated that the gaining of body weight and improvement of protein maldigestion was better in SCP group compared with non-SCP group (p <0.01). However, the acceptance of non-SCP f ormu/a was better than SCP f ormu/a (p < 0.05); this might be due to higher tasteless MCT content in the SCP formula. No significant difference was found in duration of diarrhea during the period of treatment between the 2 groups. The explanation of these findings is that the intestinal mucosa can absorb protein better in the form of di- or tripeptide than that of free amino acids, even when the mucosal integrity was impaired due to chronic diarrhoea. It can be concluded that SCP is beneficial for treating protein maldigestion/malabsorption in chronic diarrhoeal children.
Rapid Intravenous Rehydration in the Treatment of Acute Infantile Diarrhoea with Severe Dehydration Sunoto, Sunoto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 30 No. 5-6 (1990): May-June 1990
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

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Abstract

During a 6-month-period from July to December 1989, 21 patients below 2 years of age hospitalized at the Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indonesia Jakarta, with acute diarrhoea and severe dehydration had been studied. The mean age was 9.21 months with the mean body weight of 6.732 grams. No accompanying diseases nor complications were found in these patients. The patients were treated with rapid i.v. rehydration using RL solution 70 mL/kg/3 hours, followed by ORS and continued by feeding. After a 3- hour-period the average body weight increased by 6.71%, fourteen patients had been rehydrated whereas the rest were still in mild dehydration which could be rehydrated by ORS. Clinical and laboratory examinations revealed improvement of the condition in all o patients. No complications nor death occur in this study. Compared to the earlier method by Sutedjo et al. (1960) and the recommendation of the First National Seminar on Rehydration in 1974, i.e. 30 mL/kg/hr in the first hour and 10 mL/kg/hr in the next 7 hours, this method is better, simpler, easier, shorter, practical and thus lessened the cost of hospitalization, i.e. US $22.17 per patient with an average of hospital stay of 2.76 days only.
Chest drainage for neonatal spontaneous pneumothorax: a rare case report in a rural area Patty, Elisabeth Ernawati; Soegianto, Sugi Deny Pranoto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.4.2025.346-9

Abstract

Spontaneous pneumothorax can occur in a term neonate male through a wide variety of mechanisms, including traumatic disruption of the barriers between tissues and air, generation by infectious sources, or spontaneously through alveolar disruption. The maternal risk factor was anhydramnion with a bad obstetric history. Predisposing factors were male sex, neonate born by cesarean section, and the presence of respiratory distress syndrome. Conservative treatment was adopted for neonatal pneumothorax with mild symptoms, good general condition, and small pneumothorax. This included proper sedation, oxygen inhalation, and anti-infection therapy. If there is a presence of respiratory distress, abnormal blood gas levels, and cardiovascular instability, definitive management was evident, including expectant therapy, thoracentesis, or chest drainage. Early recognition and prompt treatment of pneumothorax were key to good outcomes in this case.
Edwards Syndrome and Trisomy 8: a case report of a newborn with multiple congenital anomalies with double aneuploidy Utari, Agustini; Maharani, Nani; Indriyati, Rita; Sihombing, Nydia Rena Benita; Sarosa, Gatot Irawan; Winarni, Tri Indah
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.4.2025.350-6

Abstract

Chromosomal aneuploidy is the most common genetic cause of multiple congenital anomalies (MCA), contributing to high neonatal mortality and morbidity rates in intensive care units. Prevalence of live birth double trisomy is rarely reported, with previous studies reporting the involvement of autosomal aneuploidy combined with sex chromosomal aneuploidy that is a more tolerable or benign phenotype. Mostly, a live-born baby with a double trisomy is associated with mosaicism.  This report aims to present a rare case of a viable baby with non-mosaic double autosomal trisomy involving chromosomes 8 and 18. A term baby from advanced maternal and paternal age with low birth weight and height was born from spontaneous vaginal delivery from unremarkable pregnancy. The phenotype was suitable with Edward syndrome with congenital heart anomalies confirmed by cytogenetic analysis with additional extra chromosome 8 (48, XX,+8,+18). The baby was on and off the mechanical ventilator due to respiratory failures, and her health condition gradually deteriorated, leading to her death at the age of 2.5 months due to neonatal pneumonia.
Risk factors for poor initial response to valproic acid therapy in children with epilepsy Sari, Eva Devita; Anidar, Anidar; Amna, Eka Yunita; Andid, Rusdi; Yusuf, Sulaiman; Sovira, Nora
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.4.2025.286-90

Abstract

Background The initial response in the first three months of valproic acid therapy is a prognostic factor for predicting treatment success, and it is considered to be poor if seizures persist during the three months of valproic acid treatment. Several factors might influence the initial response to valproic acid therapy, including gender, age, family history of epilepsy, electroencephalogram (EEG), head circumference, type of seizure, cerebral palsy, and pre-therapy seizure frequency. Objective To determine the risk factors for poor early response to valproic acid therapy in children with epilepsy. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted in children newly diagnosed with epilepsy. Data were collected from medical records of patients who had been treated at the Pediatric Polyclinic of dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital for one year. Results Of 90 subjects, most were male (58; 64.4%) and aged three years or older (79; 87.8%). Forty-five (50%) patients had a family history of epilepsy. More than a quarter of the subjects (35; 38.9%) showed initial poor responses to valproic acid therapy. Bivariate analysis revealed risk factors for poor initial response to valproic acid therapy were age ≥ 3 years, family history of epilepsy, normal EEG, normal head circumference, generalized seizure type, cerebral palsy, and pre-therapy seizure frequency. However, multivariate analysis revealed that risk factors for poor initial response to valproic acid therapy in children with epilepsy that retained significance were family history of epilepsy (RR 6.58; 95%CI 1.67 to 25.95; P=0,001), abnormal EEG (RR 5.27; 95%CI 1.16 to 23.87; P=0,000), focal seizures (RR 7.10; 95%CI 1.15 to 43.80; P=0,000), and cerebral palsy (RR 62.62; 95%CI 3.93 to 996.45; P=0,001). Conclusion The risk factors for poor initial response to valproic acid therapy in children with epilepsy are family history of epilepsy, abnormal EEG, focal seizures, and cerebral palsy.
Risk factors for progression of chronic kidney disease in children with nephrotic syndrome Adrian, Riki; Sovira, Nora; Haris, Syafruddin; Andid, Rusdi; Darnifayanti, Darnifayanti; Yusuf, Sulaiman
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.4.2025.291-6

Abstract

Background Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is a progressive kidney disease in children that can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Understanding the interactions between various risk factors is critical in developing new strategies to prevent the progression of CKD in pediatric patients with NS. Objective To determine the risk factors for the progression of CKD in children with nephrotic syndrome at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Public Hospital, Banda Aceh. Methods This analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted from September 2021 to September 2023. Data were obtained from medical records of 52 children aged 2 to 18 years in the inpatient and outpatient wards of Dr. Zainoel Abidin Public Hospital, Banda Aceh who met the inclusion criteria. Bivariate analysis using the Chi-square and Fisher's tests and multivariate analysis using logistic regression test were performed. Results Of 52 subjects, most were male and over ten years of age; 53.8% of subjects had Stage 1 CKD. The majority of stage 3-5 of CKD cases had immunosuppressive toxicity and anemia, while the majority of all subjects had hyperfiltration and proteinuria. Risk factors for CKD progression in children with NS are Hypertension (OR 2.54; 95%CI 0.32 to 20.1; P=0.003), immunosuppressant toxicity with (OR 33.67; 95%CI 2.59 to 437.5; P=0.007) and anemia (OR 33.92; 95%CI 2.77 to 414.5; P=0.006). Conclusion Hypertension, immunosuppressant toxicity and anemia for CKD progression in children with NS.
Autonomic function based on heart rate variability in children with laryngopharyngeal reflux Yunizaf, Rahmanofa; Restuti, Ratna Dwi; Rachmawati, Elvie Zulka Autzia; Putranto, Rudi; Kusumayati, Agustin; Hegar, Badriul
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.4.2025.273-8

Abstract

Background The pathophysiology of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is yet to be completely understood, but autonomic dysregulation may have a role in the opening of esophageal sphincters controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system, especially the vagal nerve. Autonomic dysregulation can be detected through heart rate variability (HRV). Currently, studies that identify autonomic nerve dysfunction through HRV in LPR patients are few, especially in the pediatric population. Objective To identify autonomic nerve dysfunction  in pediatric LPR patients with HRV components. Method This study involved 74 pediatric patients, 35 with LPR and 39 without LPR, from  Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from September 2023 to April 2024. Diagnostics for LPR included endoscopy and Reflux Symptom and Sign Instrument (RSSI) scoring, while measurement of autonomic nerve dysfunction was determined by HRV. The HRV was evaluated by standard deviation normal to normal (SDNN) assessment of the heart’s interbeat interval (IBI) and low frequency/high frequency ratio (LF/HF). Results  Neither HRV measurement, SDNN or LF/HF, were significantly associated with autonomic nerve dysfunction in pediatric patients with LPR. Conclusion Autonomic nerve dysfunction measured by HRV was not associated with LPR in pediatric patients.
Predictors of pediatric Henoch-Schönlein purpura recurrence Santoso, Dara Ninggar; Kurniati, Nia; Hendarto, Aryono; Chozie, Novie Amelia; Prawira, Yogi; Marsubrin, Putri Maharani Tristanita
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.4.2025.307-15

Abstract

Background Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common systemic vasculitis in children and is usually self-limited with a favorable prognosis. However, recurrence in children is associated with a poorer prognosis, i.e., a higher risk of progressing to chronic kidney disease (CKD) as a long-term complication. In Indonesia, the recurrence rate of HSP and its predictors in children have not been well established . Objective To estimate the incidence of recurrent HSP and determine its predictors in children at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSCM). Methods A retrospective cohort review of medical records followed children aged <18 years at RSCM for 6 months after HSP diagnosis based on the the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/ Paediatric Rheumatology European Society (PRESS)/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) criteria. Multivariate, Cox logistic regression, and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed. Results This study included 116 children aged 2–17 years with HSP. Twenty-six (22.4%) of the subjects experienced recurrence, with an incidence of 3.56 per 100,000 person-years. The only statistically significant predictor for recurrence was  the presence of infection after the first episode of HSP (HR 11.301; 95%CI 4.327 to 29.519; P<0.001). The cumulative survival of subjects with infection for recurrence over 6 months  was  51%, with mean 5.3 months survival duration (95%CI 4.76 to 5.99; P< 0.0001). Chronic kidney disease, a long-term complication of HSP, was noted in 22 (19%) participants. Conclusion Recurrence of HSP was  observed in 22.4% of our subjects within 6 months follow up. However, subjects with a history of infection after their first episode of HSP resolution should be notified about the possibility of recurrence. Chronic kidney disease occurred in 22 participants (19%), possibly becoming a long-term complication of HSP.

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