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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 559 Documents
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Reverese Engineering Burnishing Tool Untuk Proses Finishing Kekasaran Permukaan Pada Mesin Milling Konvensional Adi Soetopo, Thopo Antonius; Diratama, Mohammad Yazid; ., Andri Suhendri; ., Ahmad Fauzi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4605

Abstract

The advancement of the manufacturing industry demands improved surface quality for components produced by conventional milling processes. Typically, grinding is required to achieve surface roughness levels up to N4; however, this process involves significant machine investment and high operational costs. This study presents the design of a burnishing tool as a finishing aid that can be mounted directly onto a conventional milling machine spindle without the need for additional equipment. The tool was developed using the systematic design methodology VDI 2222 and a manufacturing plan involving turning, milling, and grinding of the tool components. Test specimens made of ST37 and S45C steel were initially milled to a surface roughness (Ra) of 2.6–5.7 µm, then burnished using a feed depth of 0.5 mm and spring deflection ranging from 0 to 1.5 mm. The experimental results showed a significant reduction in Ra, reaching as low as 0.16 µm for ST37 and 0.17 µm for S45C. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the burnishing tool in enhancing surface finish efficiently and economically using conventional milling machines.
Wave Tank Skala Laboratorium dengan Pembuat Ombak Tipe Piston Murdianto, Deny; Jerius, Rusli; Waluyo, Marhadi Budi; Santoso, Hadi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4342

Abstract

Pembangkit listrik tenaga gelombang laut sangat memungkinkan untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia. Selain memiliki potensi wilayah perairan yang sangat luas, penelitian terkait pembangkit listrik tenaga gelombang laut juga sudah banyak dilakukan dan terus dikembangkan hingga saat ini. Sebagai langkah awal sebelum melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut, dibuatlah wave tank skala laboratorium sebagai media untuk mengamati karakteristik gelombang. Tinggi dan panjang gelombang merupakan salah satu parameter yang dijadikan tolak ukur dalam penelitian ini. Desain pembuat ombak tipe piston dengan ukuran tangki yang sudah ditentukan, yaitu panjang 150 cm, lebar 35 cm, dan tinggi 35 cm dibuat sedemikian hingga dengan menghitung beban mekanik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah perancangan teknik. Hasil rancang bangun menghasilkan mesin wave tank model piston dengan ukuran rangka, yaitu panjang 155 cm, lebar 40 cm, dan tinggi 122 cm yang digunakan untuk menopang tangki, motor listrik, dan wavemaker. Jenis penggerak yang digunakan yaitu model piston dengan satu kecepatan putaran yang diatur oleh dimmer. Tinggi gelombang yang dihasilkan bervariasi mulai dari 1,1 cm – 2,5 cm sedangkan panjang gelombang yang dihasilkan bervariasi juga yaitu, 10,5 cm – 20,5 cm.
Pengujian Eksperimental Keausan Bahan Alumunium, Tembaga dan Baja Karbon Menggunakan Uji Keausan Skala Laboratorium Type Pin On Disc Aswar, Aswar; Parekke, Simon; Harjuma, Harjuma; Surono, Bambang; Handono, Sulis Dri
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4677

Abstract

Keausan menentukan kinerja dan umur pakai komponen mekanik. Studi ini mengevaluasi ketahanan aus aluminium, tembaga, mild steel, alloy steel, dan stainless steel menggunakan tribometer Pin-on-Disc skala laboratorium pada gesekan kering. Spesimen silinder (Ø10mm×30 mm) diuji pada kecepatan 290 rpm, lintasan 150 m, dengan dua variasi beban yaitu 3,5 N dan 4,0 N. Laju keausan spesifik dihitung dari perubahan massa dan beban, disertai observasi makroskopik pola keausan. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antar material: stainless steel terbaik dengan laju keausan terendah 1,1×10⁻5 cm³/N·m dan pola abrasi ringan. Mild steel dan alloy steel menunjukkan stabilitas terhadap peningkatan beban dengan respon keausan rendah, masing-masing 3,9% dan 5,0%. Aluminium memiliki laju keausan tertinggi dan respons hingga 19,9%, dengan indikasi delaminasi serta akumulasi serpih aus. Korelasi antara data kuantitatif dan morfologi permukaan menegaskan bahwa kombinasi kekerasan tinggi, keuletan memadai, dan stabilitas lapisan oksida merupakan penentu utama ketahanan aus.
Perancangan Sistem Air blast freezing Berkapasitas 25 Kg dengan Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade Menggunakan Refrigerant R290/R32 Martin, Awaludin; Sihombing, Tikkos; Rizqullah, Ibnu; Auliaswan, Fayzil; Mainil, Rahmat Iman
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4399

Abstract

Indonesia is a country rich in marine catch, especially shrimp commodities, with a production volume reaching 1.12 million tons, but only 220 thousand tons or approximately 19.64%, are exported. One contributing factor to the low export rate is poor temperature control throughout the cold chain supply process. The aim of this study to design and develop an air blast freezing system with a capacity of 25 kg, and to compare the design results with experimental data. The main focus of the research is to increase the cooling system’s capacity to meet the demands of the cold chain in the storage of marine catch, while maintaining product temperatures consistently between -18 °C and -25 °C. The design results for the low-temperature cycle (LTC) yielded evaporator load of 788.66 W, compressor power of 221.78 W, condenser load of 1317.64 W, and an evaporator surface area of 4.84 m². For the high-temperature cycle (HTC), the evaporator load was 1499.76 W, compressor power was 159.61 W, condenser load was 948.27 W, and condenser surface area was 8.98 m². Experimental tests showed that the system was able to reach product temperatures between -19.6 °C and -25.3 °C, with a design COP of 2.014 and an actual COP of 2.413 for the cascade system
THE EFFECT OF OFFSET RATIO ON OFFSET JET FLOW STRUCTURE Ramadhani, Rifqi; Julian, James; Wahyuni, Fitri; Purba, Riki Hendra; Madhudhu, Fathin Muhammad; Armadani, Elvi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4538

Abstract

Jet flow is a crucial fluid dynamic phenomenon that has been extensively studied. It is essential for various industrial applications, including surface cleaning, flow control, and cooling electronic components.  Offset jet is an innovation in jet flow configuration that offers advantages in flow pattern control by expanding the impingement area and regulating surface pressure distribution. This study employed a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach to investigate the influence of variations in the offset jet ratio on the aerodynamic characteristics of the flow, specifically the impingement zone area, pressure coefficient distribution, and skin friction coefficient. The standard k-ε turbulence model, utilizing a structured mesh and a Reynolds number of 10,000, was employed in this research. The number of mesh elements used was a fine mesh of 200,000 with an error percentage of 0.09436%. The results of the study show that an offset ratio of 3 produces the highest cf value of 0.0047 and a stable Cp distribution of 0.218, while also providing the best impingement zone area. These findings indicate that OR 3 is the most optimal configuration in terms of aerodynamics for precision system applications, with a focus on flow pattern control and wide impingement zone coverage.
Analisis Perbandingan Kekuatan Mekanik Komposit Resin Polyester Berpenguat Serat Sabut Kelapa, Serat Ijuk, dan Serat Pohon Pisang sebagai Material Alternatif Pembuatan lambung Perahu Yuliyanto, Yulianto; Riska, Riska; Rollastin, Boy
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4626

Abstract

Keterbatasan material kayu konvensional sebagai bahan baku konstruksi perahu mendorong pengembangan material alternatif berbasis serat alami. Salah satu material alternatif yang bisa dijadikan material tersebut adalah material komposit. Material komposit adalah gabungan dari dua material yang terdiri dari perekat dan penguat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi jenis serat sabut kelapa, serat ijuk dan serat pohon pisang terhadap kekuatan lentur dan ketahanan impak komposit yang diperkuat dengan resin polyester. Tiga jenis serat yang digunakan  diberi perlakuan dengan perendaman NaOH 5%. Pembuatan spesimen dilakukan metode hand lay-up dan pengujian mekanik mengacu pada standar ASTM D790-02 untuk bending dan ASTM E-23 untuk impak. Komposisi resin 70% dan serat 30%. Hasil pengujian bending tertinggi 69,63 Mpa pada komposit serat sabut kelapa dan nilai terendah 32,6 Mpa pada komposit serat ijuk. Pada pengujian impak nilai tertinggi 49,08 kj/m2 pada komposit serat kelapa dan nilai terendah sebesar 13,63 kj/m2 pada komposit serat ijuk. Hasilnya menunjukkan komposit serat sabut kelapa lebih baik dibandingkan serat batang pisang dan serat ijuk. Ini menunjukan bahwa kandungan hemiselulosa yang seimbang memberikan fleksibilitas tanpa mengurangi kekuatan. Berdasrkan BKI  komposit serat sabut kelapa bisa dijadikan bahan untuk pembuatan lambung  perahu
Analisis Nilai Elongasi Material Terhadap Cracksheet Pada Proses Deep drawing Nozzle pada Unit Evaporator wira yudha, bhima endra; Akbar, Ali; Firdaus, Rachmat; Mulyadi, Mulyadi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4401

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis nilai elongasi pada material Galvanized (DX51D, DX54D, DX53D) dan Stainless Steel (SUS304, SUS316, SUS441) sebagai parameter utama dalam proses deep drawing nozzle unit evaporator. Uji tarik dilakukan untuk menentukan kemampuan deformasi plastis tanpa menyebabkan keretakan, serta pencarian indikasi cracksheet yang dapat terjadi selama proses pembentukan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa material stainless steel, khususnya SUS304 dan SUS441, memiliki nilai elongasi tertinggi sebesar 45%, menunjukkan ketahanan unggul terhadap deformasi ekstrem. Sementara itu, DX54D menjadi galvanis dengan elongasi tertinggi (36%) dan tidak mengalami retak saat deep drawing, berbeda dengan DX51D dan DX53D yang menunjukkan gejala cracksheet. Batas elongasi minimum untuk menghindari kegagalan struktural pada deep drawing ditentukan sekitar 30%. Pemilihan material dengan elongasi tinggi serta optimalisasi parameter proses menjadi krusial dalam menjamin kualitas dan efisiensi produksi. Hasil ini memberikan dasar untuk menentukan material optimal berdasarkan kombinasi performa teknis dan efisiensi biaya.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI MESIN PENGERING BIJI KOPI MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM SOLAR PANEL Rohmat, Yusup Nur; Luthfi, Muhammad; Kusmayadi, Adi; Setiawan, Nanang; Susanto, Ferdian Dwi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4551

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengintegrasikan perancangan, pembuatan, dan pengujian mesin pengering biji kopi berbasis energi terbarukan menggunakan sistem panel solar untuk meningkatkan efisiensi proses pascapanen. Mesin dirancang dengan rangka besi hollow galvanis (50 × 50× 0,8 mm), tabung pengering berkapasitas ±2–2,4 kg, motor listrik 0,5 HP, gearbox rasio 1:20, serta sistem transmisi gear dengan total rasio 69 yang menghasilkan putaran 20,29 RPM dan torsi 175,624 N·m. Desain mesin dibuat menggunakan perangkat lunak SolidWorks 2022 dan diuji melalui simulasi statik, dengan hasil menunjukkan tegangan maksimum 1,177 MPa, deformasi 0,012 mm, serta faktor keamanan mencapai 174 sehingga rangka aman digunakan. Perhitungan efisiensi termal mencapai 67,36% dengan daya heater 500 Watt yang menghasilkan energi panas 3600 kJ dan diserap 2425,1 kJ oleh biji kopi. Proses fabrikasi dilakukan melalui tahapan marking, cutting, rolling, bending, welding, assembly, wiring, dan finishing dengan material utama besi hollow, plat galvalum, dan plat jaring stainless steel. Pengujian kadar air biji kopi dilakukan dengan variasi waktu 20, 40, dan 60 menit, namun hasil signifikan baru dicapai setelah 3 jam 30 menit ketika kadar air turun dari 26% menjadi 12% sesuai standar SNI, dengan massa berkurang dari 1320 gram menjadi 695 gram. Sebagai pembanding, metode pengeringan manual menggunakan sinar matahari memerlukan waktu ±3–4 minggu untuk mencapai kadar air serupa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mesin pengering kopi berbasis panel solar mampu mempercepat proses pengeringan secara signifikan, lebih konsisten, ramah lingkungan, tidak bergantung pada kondisi cuaca, serta berpotensi meningkatkan produktivitas petani kopi di Indonesia.
Reverse Engineering dan Evaluasi Desain pada Komponen V-Plow Conveyor Belt Jenis Bulk Material Handling menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga Febriyanto, Febriyanto; Cahyati, Sally
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.3890

Abstract

This paper discusses reverse engineering and design evaluation of the V-Plow component in conveyor belt systems used for handling bulk materials in the mineral and coal industry. V-Plow functions as a carryback material cleaning tool that can be carried to the bottom of the tail pulley on the conveyor belt. The absence or non-optimality of this tool can cause extreme damage to the tail pulley due to material carryback from the head pulley. This research aims to evaluate and redesign the V-Plow so that it has a more appropriate safety factor compared to the existing design. Design changes also include the addition of springs to improve V-Plow performance. Tests were carried out using SolidWorkss software, and the stress analysis on the belt was calculated physically. The research results show that the existing design has a safety factor that is too large, namely 22.5, which indicates high production costs and over-specification. The redesign succeeded in reducing the safety factor to 6, which is still within safe limits. In accordance with CEMA standards, the optimum tension on the belt is 5 lb/in belt width. By adding a three spring design, the optimal force F = 355.67 N, twisting moment 𝑀=11.3 𝑁𝑚, torsion spring constant 𝐾 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛=28.577 𝑁𝑚/𝑟𝑎𝑑, and working angle of the torsion spring 𝛼= 22.63 degrees. The frame weight has also been reduced from +116 kg to +83 kg (28%) through the new design. This research proves that the V-Plow redesign not only increases efficiency but also reduces production costs, making it a more optimal and economical solution for the mineral and coal industry.
Studi Performa dan Analisis Kerusakan Sistem Hidrolik Excavator Mini Excavator Zhugimada Ar-Rizqi, Muhammad Hisyam; Prihadianto, Braam Delfian; Sugiyanto, Sugiyanto; Aisyah, Nyayu
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4608

Abstract

The hydraulic system plays a vital role in supporting excavator performance by transmitting power through pressurized fluid to actuate the boom, arm, and bucket. However, fluid leakage can significantly reduce operational efficiency and performance. This study aims to analyze the hydraulic system performance of the Zhugimada mini excavator trainer unit before and after repair. Tests were conducted on three main parameters: silinder drift, silinder speed, and silinder pressure, under three load conditions zero capacity, struck capacity, and heaped capacity. The results show that leakage was caused by damage to the fittings on the arm and bucket silinders, the seal on the boom silinder, the valve connecting the tank and pump, and an electric motor speed exceeding the standard (1,491 rpm). The leakage impact was indicated by a decrease in silinder speed 1.41% for the boom, 1.34% for the arm, and 0.51% for the bucket and a 16.28% pressure drop in the boom under no-load conditions. After the repair, system performance improved significantly, with boom speed increasing by 0.92%–2.04% and arm speed by 0.82%–1.77%. The repair effectively addressed both internal and external leakage and improved the overall efficiency of the hydraulic system.

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