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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 559 Documents
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Construction and Performance Testing of Young Coconut Waste Shredding Machines Sundari, Ellys Mei; Suhendra, Suhendra; Anjiu, Leo Dedy; Windari, Sri
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4545

Abstract

The problem of coconut husks and shells that are not utilized was that they are usually discarded as waste, so further processing was needed to overcome this. This study aims to manufacture and test the performance of a young coconut waste shredder. The research methods include machine construction, performance testing, and analysis of test results. The independent variables tested were rotational speed and number of test material cuts. The rotational speed was varied to 1,400 rpm, 1,750 rpm, and 2,333 rpm, while the number of cuts was varied to 4, 6, and 8 cuts. The data obtained were analyzed using a completely randomized design with an F-test. The shredder machine was constructed using a 1 HP electric motor drive, a V-belt transmission system, a shredding chamber diameter of 400 mm, a shredding chamber height of 150 mm, and is equipped with 4 shredding blades. The test results showed the highest chipping capacity of 77.56 kg/hour obtained at a speed of 1,750 rpm and 8 pieces, while the finest chipping results with a chipping length of 4.214 mm and a chipping width of 1.271 mm were obtained at a speed of 2,333 rpm and 8 pieces. Based on the analysis results, the rotation speed had a significant effect on the chopping capacity, while the number of cuts had no significant effect on the chopping capacity. Other analysis results showed that the rotation speed and number of cuts had a very significant effect on the chopping results.
Komposit Berbasis Serat Tangkos Kelapa Sawit: Kajian Fisik dan Mekanis Zaqy, Sandi Yudha Barri; Utama, Satrio Darma; Pramanda, Wibi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4725

Abstract

This research explores the use of oil palm empty fruit bunch waste fibers as an environmentally friendly reinforcement material for composite applications, aiming to replace conventional materials. The fabrication process utilized empty fruit bunch fibers, resin, and polylactic acid (PLA), with components produced using 3D printing technology. Mechanical properties were evaluated through tensile testing (ASTM D3039), compressive testing (ASTM D695), and Vickers microhardness testing (ASTM E384). The results showed an average maximum tensile strength of 8.18 MPa, while compressive testing yielded a maximum strength of 3.95 MPa. Vickers hardness values ranged from 19.53 to 29.04, with an average of 25.73. These findings highlight the potential of empty fruit bunch fiber composites as an alternative material that supports waste reduction and sustainability in the palm oil industry. However, further optimization of fiber fraction and surface treatment is needed to improve mechanical performance. This study not only contributes to scientific knowledge but also opens opportunities for sustainable material innovation in engineering applications
Pengembangan dan Optimasi Sistem Pendinginan Mesin Pembakaran Internal dengan Penggunaan Material Phase Change Material (PCM) untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Bahan Bakar dan Mengurangi Emisi Gas Buang pada Kendaraan Bermotor Zustian, Zus tian
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4306

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan Phase Change Material (PCM) dalam sistem pendingin mesin pembakaran internal untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pendinginan, mengurangi buangan gas emisi, dan meningkatkan efisiensi bahan bakar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PCM dapat mengurangi berat sistem, mempercepat waktu pemanasan, serta meningkatkan efisiensi termal dan kinerja sirkulasi mesin. Teknologi ini juga berkontribusi dalam pengurangan pengurangan bahan bakar dan emisi berbahaya, serta memberikan keuntungan signifikan bagi industri otomotif, termasuk pengurangan biaya perawatan dan perpanjangan umur komponen. Penelitian ini menggunakan simulasi CFD-FEM dan pengujian siklus WLTP dan NEDC untuk menghasilkan analisis yang lebih akurat, yang mengonfirmasi keunggulan PCM dalam sistem pendingin. Dengan aplikasi PCM pada berbagai jenis mesin, penelitian ini menawarkan solusi lebih ramah lingkungan, mengurangi emisi COâ‚‚, dan mengoptimalkan kinerja mesin kendaraan.
Perancangan Freeze Vacuum Drying Menggunakan Thermal Energy Storage untuk Mengeringkan Lidah Buaya dengan Kapasitas 4 kg Martin, Awaludin; Cahyati, Wulan; Adriyandy, Warits; Mainil, Rahmat Iman
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4398

Abstract

Freeze vacuum drying is known as the best drying method in maintaining the nutritional quality and physical appearance of the product. However, this method has the disadvantages of a slow drying rate and high energy consumption. This study aims to improve the efficiency of the drying process by utilizing waste heat from the condenser using a thermal energy storage system using Phase Change Material (PCM) in the form of paraffin wax. This study uses a system design method that is continued to the testing stage with the results of the design of the tube diameter used, namely 0.00953 m, then the evaporator dimensions are obtained with a pipe length of 23 m, and the evaporator surface area is 7.13 x 10-5 m2. For the condenser, the pipe length is 15.9 m, and the condenser heat transfer area is 0.4762 m2. Energy consumption for drying 4 kg of aloe vera using Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is 8.937 kWh, with a design Coefficient of Performance (COP) value of 3.8 and an actual COP of 2.5.
Analisis Numerik Multifase Transportasi Slurry Abu Terbang Berkonsentrasi Partikel Tinggi Apriansa, Farul; Ridwan, Ridwan; Setyawan, Iwan; Mulyanto, Tri
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4506

Abstract

Transportasi slurry abu terbang mengalami inefisiensi energi akibat resistensi aliran yang tinggi pada pipa konvensional berbentuk lingkaran. Penelitian ini memancarkan pengaruh geometri penampang pipa yaitu lingkaran, spiral dengan empat lobus, dan spiral dengan enam lobus terhadap penurunan tekanan, faktor akurasi, reduksi drag, dan distribusi fraksi volume pada konsentrasi padatan masing-masing 50%, 60%, 65%, 68%, dan 70%. Simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dilakukan dengan kondisi kecepatan masuk konstan 1.5 m/s. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa pipa spiral enam lobus secara konsisten memberikan penurunan tekanan dan faktor terjadinya terendah, dengan reduksi drag maksimum sebesar 33,78% pada konsentrasi padatan 70%. Analisis fraksi volume mengindikasikan akumulasi partikel yang lebih signifikan di dekat dasar pipa pada konsentrasi tinggi, yang disebabkan oleh pengendapan gravitasi. Secara keseluruhan, pipa spiral enam lobus menampilkan kinerja hidrolik yang unggul melalui pengurangan resistensi aliran secara efektif, sehingga menjadi alternatif desain yang menjanjikan untuk sistem transportasi slurry dengan konsentrasi tinggi.
Analisis Performa dan Efisiensi Pompa Sentrifugal Tag Number 220 P1 A/B pada Unit Distillate Hydrotreating di PT. XY Sitohang, Roberto Fermadi; Ridwan, Abrar
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4421

Abstract

Salah satu pompa yang memanfaatkan gaya sentrifugal dengan hasil kinerja dari impeller serta dapat menggerakkan fluida disebut pompa sentrifugal. Jenis pompa ini tergolong tekanan dinamis, impeller pada pompa ini bekerja untuk mentransfer cairan dari titk satu ke titik lainnya, baik dari aspek ketinggian maupun tekanan. Berdasarkan data, penulis mencoba memaparkan hasil penelitian tentang Analisa kinerja dan effisiensi pompa sentrifugal. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini mencakup data real time dari tekanan hisap, tekanan debit, laju aliran (Q), Densitas (𝜌), voltase pompa (V), dan kuat arus (I). Dengan demikian, titik kerja maksimum dari pompa sentrifugal berdasarkan kapasitas flowrate (Q) 57,96 m³/h, Head (H) 688 m, Daya poros (W) 196022,25, Daya hidrolik (W) 85095,45, dan Effisiensi pompa (η) 43,41 %. 
Analisis Mikrostruktur dan Performa Aus Baja S45C Dengan Perlakuan Panas pada Suhu 700 °C, 750 °C, dan 800 °C Supriyanto, Agung; Jamaldi, Agus; Margono, Margono; Nugroho, Budi; Faishal, Afif; Rengga, Fedrian Ahmadthur
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4561

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of heat treatment with varying temperatures on the hardness, microstructure, and wear resistance of S45C carbon steel. Specimens were heated at temperatures of 700 °C, 750 °C, and 800 °C for 30 minutes, then rapidly cooled using a saltwater medium. Test results indicate that increasing the heat treatment temperature significantly enhances surface hardness, with the highest value recorded at 800 °C. Microstructural observations reveal that martensite phase dominates at high temperatures, contributing to increased hardness and resistance to deformation caused by friction. Wear testing showed a negative correlation between hardness and wear volume, with specimens of higher hardness exhibiting narrower and smoother wear marks. These findings confirm that heat treatment temperature control is a key factor in optimising the surface performance of S45C steel for engineering applications requiring high wear resistance.
Evaluasi Termal Heatsink dengan Variasi Arah Aliran pada Sirip Vertikal dan Sirip Bersegmen untuk Pendinginan Pasif Photovoltaic Yonanda, Ahmad; Aziz, Qithfirul; Amrizal, Amrizal; Irsyad, Muhammad; Riszal, Akmad; Harmen, Harmen
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4549

Abstract

Penurunan kinerja modul Photovoltaic (PV) akibat meningkatnya temperatur permukaan masih menjadi tantangan utama yang membatasi efisiensi konversi energi listrik. Salah satu solusi yang potensial adalah menambahkan heatsink pada bagian bawah modul sebagai media pelepas panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sekaligus membandingkan kinerja termal heatsink dengan konfigurasi sirip vertikal dan sirip bersegmen terhadap variasi arah aliran udara. Simulasi numerik dilakukan menggunakan ANSYS Fluent (CFD) melalui beberapa tahapan: perancangan geometri PV dan heatsink, pembuatan mesh, penentuan boundary condition, serta pengujian variasi sudut aliran udara sebesar 0°, 22,5°, 45°, 67,5°, dan 90° dengan kecepatan 2 m/s. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa heatsink dengan sirip bersegmen mampu menurunkan temperatur maksimum permukaan PV hingga 3 °C (5,6%) dibandingkan sirip vertikal pada sudut aliran 0°. Selain itu, perubahan sudut aliran memberikan pengaruh lebih besar pada sirip vertikal dengan selisih temperatur rata-rata 1,7 °C, sementara pada sirip bersegmen hanya 0,5 °C. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa konfigurasi sirip bersegmen lebih adaptif terhadap dinamika arah aliran udara, sehingga berpotensi diterapkan pada kondisi nyata dengan karakteristik angin berubah-ubah. Nilai kebaruan (novelty) penelitian ini terletak pada pemodelan numerik yang secara langsung membandingkan kinerja sirip vertikal dan sirip bersegmen terhadap variasi arah aliran — topik yang masih jarang dilaporkan dalam studi pendinginan pasif PV.
Hazard identification and risk analysis in apron movement control services at Mopah Merauke airport Sahupala, Peter
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.3662

Abstract

Airside facilities that directly support aircraft operations include runways, taxiways and aprons. As far as possible, these facilities must be free from all forms of potential dangers and disturbances that could impact aircraft operations. The aim to be achieved is to determine the risk tolerance limit for each potential danger that exists on the Apron Movement Control service side at Mopah Airport by carrying out statistical analysis of each risk that may arise.   Methods: The analytical method used is descriptive statistical analysis. Respondents were targeted at 50 (fifty) respondents specifically aimed at related parties, including: AMC Personnel, Regulators/Local Aviation Authorities, Mopah Airport Management, Commercial Airlines and Related Services at Mopah Airport which are closely related to the research. Results: The maximum score of respondents' responses to potential danger (Hazard) in the entire Apron Movement Control service activity at Mopah Merauke Airport is 125 with the highest potential in cleaning services and markings/signs on the side of the apron with a risk matrix of 1A, meaning there needs to be risk control/mitigation. which requires management decisions and the potential to be accepted after reviewing the implementation of operations.   Conclusion: Mopah Merauke Airport's Apron Movement Control service activities are 125 with the greatest potential in cleaning services and markings/signs on the side of the apron. In this service activity, management decisions are needed in an effort to control the risk/mitigation of the existing potential and this potential can be accepted after reviewing implementation of operations.
Characteristics of Briquettes Produced from Rubber Seed Shell and Palm Kernel Shell Using Tapioca Flour as Binder Jayadi, Farid; Cindi Alfian, Devia Gahana; Pratama, Muhammad Hasbi; Nurullah, Fajar Perdana; Silitonga, Dicky Januarizky; Afisna, Lathifa Putri
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4607

Abstract

Indonesia faces challenges in managing renewable energy as an alternative to fossil fuels. This study aims to compare commercially available briquettes with experimental briquettes produced from a mixture of rubber seed shells and palm shells using tapioca flour as a binder. The raw material composition variations between rubber seed shells and palm shells used were 80:20, 50:50, and 20:80, with 10% tapioca flour binder, and dried at a temperature of 100°C for 3 hours. The purpose of this research is to compare the produced briquettes with those already marketed. Based on the experiments and tests carried out, the results show that the 20:80 variation produced briquettes most comparable to the market samples, with a density of 0.7438 g/cm³, moisture content of 3.43%, calorific value of 6849.46 cal/gram, combustion rate of 0.1117 g/minute, and a drop test value of 4.7672%.

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