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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 559 Documents
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Screw Modification On Plastic Extruder Machine Andriani, Devi; Pratomo, Tri; Ariyanto, Muhammad; Suhendra, Diky Rahmat; Nurhaidah, Nurhaidah; Dewi, Sukhma Kusuma
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4582

Abstract

Plastic extruder machine is a machine that processes material changes from the form of plastic making into extruded changes from solid to liquid form. In the plastic extruder machine there are many machine components used. The components found in the plastic extruder machine are the frame, reduction gear, puller roller, bearing, v-belt, electric motor, pulley, stepper, clutch, air chamber, nozzle, feeder, compression spring, panel box and screw. This study uses an experimental method by changing the screw diameter which was originally 37 mm to 41 mm in addition to changing the diameter size, changes were also made to the screw pitch size which was originally 12 mm to 14 mm. The modified screw that was tested using PLA material with a rotation of 38 rpm produced a flow rate of 0.00129 m ^ 3 / s with a maximum pressure of 10.2866 Mpa. While the screw before modification produced a flow rate of 0.000921 m^ 3 / s and a maximum pressure of 9.5151 Mpa. From the data obtained from the screw, the modification results obtained quite good results compared to the screw before modification.
Effect of Current Variation on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of GTAW-Welded SS400 Steel Hasan, Hasan; Aprianto, Muchammad Chusnan; Maulana, Johan; Apipah, Epa Rosidah; Heryana, Ghany; Amir, Amir
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4588

Abstract

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) or Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Welding employs a tungsten electrode and argon shielding gas to protect the molten metal from atmospheric contamination, resulting in strong and permanent joints. SS400 steel, widely used due to its favorable mechanical properties, can be welded using this method. However, weld quality is strongly influenced by variations in welding current. Too low a current leads to shallow penetration, while excessive current may cause defects and microstructural damage. This study aims to analyze the effect of GTAW current variation on the tensile strength, hardness, and microstructure of SS400 steel with different thicknesses (1.2 mm, 5 mm, and 6 mm). A total of 27 specimens were tested using an experimental method. Tensile strength was evaluated with a universal testing machine, hardness was measured using the Rockwell test, and microstructure was analyzed through metallography. The results show that hardness and tensile strength values are affected by the combination of welding current and plate thickness. Lower current increases hardness, while higher current reduces it. Yield strength and tensile strength decrease with increasing current and thickness due to higher heat input, while elongation varies depending on plate conditions. The microstructure reveals that martensite forms only in medium-thickness plates (5 mm), whereas thin and thick plates are dominated by ferrite and pearlite with grain growth at higher currents.
Pengaruh Diameter Kawat dan Panjang Koil Pegas Tekan terhadap Defleksi pada Sistem Getaran Ayak Yokasing, Yohanes Benediktus; Santhiarsa, I.Gusti Ngurah Nitya; Parwata, I. Made; Lokantara, I. Putu
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4409

Abstract

The design of a vibration-based screening system requires adjustment of the compression spring characteristics to meet the required amplitude and working frequency. This study analyzes the effect of wire diameter (d) and spring coil length (No) on spring deflection (δ) and stiffness (k) as key parameters in the design of vibratory sieve systems. A quantitative approach was employed through deflection testing using a spring tester and performance graphs. The results show that increasing the wire diameter from 3 mm to 4 mm reduces deflection by up to 38% and increases spring stiffness by approximately 50%. Conversely, increasing the coil length from 80 mm to 120 mm raises deflection by about ±48%. The spring stiffness constant ranges from 2.4 N/mm to 3.8 N/mm, depending on the dimensional combination. The combination of d = 4 mm and No = 80 mm is suitable for low-frequency vibrations, while d = 3 mm and No = 120 mm is appropriate for high-frequency vibrations. These findings provide technical guidance for adjusting spring characteristics to match the vibration design targets of screening systems, particularly in the processing of both light and heavy materials.
Optimalisasi Panel Surya dengan Sirip Pendingin untuk Pengembangan Kapal Listrik Berbasis Energi Terbarukan di Sungai Mahakam Binyamin, Binyamin
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4355

Abstract

Penggunaan energi surya melalui panel fotovoltaik semakin meluas sebagai solusi penyediaan listrik untuk kebutuhan domestik dan sistem penerangan jalan. Salah satu tantangan utama dalam optimalisasi panel surya adalah kenaikan suhu operasional akibat tingginya intensitas radiasi matahari, yang berdampak langsung pada penurunan kinerja konversi energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penerapan sirip pendingin berbahan aluminium pada panel surya, dengan variasi sudut kemiringan sirip sebesar 30° dan 45°, serta dibandingkan dengan kondisi tanpa sistem pendinginan, dalam menurunkan suhu kerja panel. Pendinginan dibantu oleh aliran udara untuk meningkatkan efisiensi perpindahan panas. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi sirip pada sudut 30° menurunkan suhu panel menjadi 43,60°C pada iterasi ke-13, setara dengan reduksi temperatur sebesar 3,13%. Sementara itu, sudut 45° menghasilkan suhu akhir 41,80°C dengan efisiensi penurunan suhu sebesar 6,68%. Sebagai perbandingan, panel tanpa pendingin mengalami suhu tertinggi mencapai 44,40°C. Secara umum, penggunaan sirip pendingin terbukti mampu menurunkan suhu panel, dengan sudut 45° memberikan performa pendinginan yang lebih baik dibandingkan sudut 30°, meskipun selisih hasilnya tidak terlalu signifikan.
Optimizing the Production of Glass Ceramic from East Lampung Basalt Rock Using Taguchi and ANOVA Analysis Methods Anwar, Syaipudin; Sukmana, Irza; Zulhanif, Zulhanif; Saputra, Rizal Adi; Tarkono, Tarkono; Risano, A Yudi Eka
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4611

Abstract

Glass-ceramics are fine-grained polycrystalline materials produced by controlled crystallization in the glass phase. The raw material for glass ceramics is basalt rock from East Lampung mixed with additives (SiO₂, MgO, and CaO). The production of glass ceramics begins with melting at 1200 °C for 2 hours until melting. The melted basalt is quenched using aquadest water with a pH of 7 to produce glass material. The glass material is ground using a ceramic ball mill and sieved with a 325 mesh. The glass material undergoes nucleation at 600 °C for 2 hours, followed by crystallization at 1,050 °C for 3 hours, and thermal crystallization (devitrification) at 1,050 °C for 3 hours to form the crystalline phase. The additive composition was varied using the Taguchi method to analyze its effect on density. The density test results showed values ranging from 2.1 to 3.8 g/cm³, depending on the additive ratio used. An increase in CaO and MgO content tends to increase density due to the formation of crystalline phases such as pyroxene, anorthite, and olivine. Conversely, excessive addition of SiO₂ can reduce density due to the growth of amorphous phases. Taguchi analysis identified Silica (SiO2) as the Rank 1 parameter influencing density. Meanwhile, ANOVA analysis yielded an optimal percentage contribution of silica at 34.57%.
STUDI TENTANG PENGARUH TEKANAN KOMPAKSI DAN SINTERING PADA CAMPURAN SERBUK Cu, Fe, Si, Ni Dermawan, Muhammad
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.3712

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tekanan kompaksi dan suhu sintering terhadap  keausan dan kekerasan green body berbahan dasar campuran logam tembaga (Cu), besi (Fe), silikon (Si), dan  nikel (Ni). Green body dibuat melalui proses metalurgi serbuk dengan tekanan kompaksi 1178 MPa dan suhu sintering 700°C. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengukur tingkat keausan menggunakan metode Universal Wear  Testing dan kekerasan menggunakan metode Brinell. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tekanan  kompaksi dan suhu sintering berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sifat mekanik green body. Nilai keausan rata-rata spesimen yang diuji adalah 0,0000318 mm³/kg.m, sementara kekerasan rata-rata mencapai 31,84 BHN. Hal ini  mengindikasikan bahwa material memiliki ketahanan aus yang baik dan kekerasan yang memadai untuk aplikasi  industri. Korelasi antara kekerasan dan keausan juga menunjukkan bahwa material dengan kekerasan yang lebih  tinggi cenderung lebih tahan terhadap keausan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan  material green body dengan sifat mekanik yang optimal, yang diharapkan dapat mendukung peningkatan kualitas  produk berbasis logam komposit di industri.
Evaluasi Pemilihan Material pada Pemotong Kertas Manual Kapasitas Besar untuk Optimalisasi Desain Produk Lokal pada Komponen Pisau dan Rangka Iswanto, Iswanto; Wijoyo, Agung Budy; Mulyadi, Mulyadi; Fahruddin, A’rasy
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4424

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji pemilihan material pada pemotong kertas manual kapasitas besar melalui pendekatan berbasis literatur dan data sekunder, dengan mengacu pada konfigurasi umum produk yang telah tersedia di pasaran. Fokus diarahkan pada analisis karakteristik teknis material dua komponen utama—pisau dan rangka—guna merumuskan rekomendasi desain produk lokal yang efisien, andal, dan tetap ekonomis. Analisis difokuskan pada perbandingan teknis material secara komparatif dan evaluasi multi-kriteria melalui weighted decision matrix. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa material seperti baja perkakas D2 dan SKD11, serta baja paduan rendah solid, memberikan performa unggul pada produk profesional, namun tidak efisien secara biaya untuk skala UMKM. Alternatif material seperti SK5 untuk pisau dan AISI 1020 untuk rangka dinilai mampu memberikan kompromi optimal antara performa teknis dan efisiensi biaya, dengan tetap mempertimbangkan ketersediaan lokal dan kemudahan manufaktur. Kajian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap perancangan ulang pemotong kertas berbasis prinsip rekayasa material yang adaptif terhadap kebutuhan industri nasional skala kecil dan menengah.
PENGARUH WAKTU PEMANASAN DAN MEDIA KOROSI TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI BAJA ASTM A36 SEBAGAI BAHAN CHAMBER INCENERATOR Nugroho, Eko; Rajabiyah, Nurlaila; Surono, Bambang; Aji, Wahyu Seto
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4734

Abstract

An incinerator is a machine designed to process solid waste through high-temperature combustion technology. Continuous combustion may lead to corrosion, which is often considered an inevitable problem. The purpose of this study is to investigate how combustion duration and corrosive media affect the corrosion rate. The research method employed was an experimental design involving the heating of material. Tests were conducted to analyze the effect of combustion time and corrosive media in the incinerator chamber on the corrosion rate. The material used was ASTM A36 steel with dimensions of 70 mm × 50 mm × 5 mm. The corrosive media employed were rainwater, H₂SO₄, and HCl. The material was heated at 700 °C for 3, 5, and 7 hours. The immersion time in corrosive media was 30 minutes, followed by a cooling period of 7 days. The results indicated that the highest corrosion rate occurred at a combustion time of 7 hours. Thus, the longer the combustion time, the greater the reaction, resulting in an increased corrosion rate. The use of different corrosive media also influenced the corrosion rate. It was found that the highest corrosion rate was 0.00534 mm/year after 7 hours of heating in HCl solution, while the lowest corrosion rate was approximately 0.00077 mm/year in rainwater after 3 hours of heating. Therefore, prolonged heating not only enhances the reaction but also significantly increases the corrosion rate.
Advancing Green Urea Recovery Flow: Enhancing Efficiency Through Flow Conditioning to Control Turbulence and Pressure Drop Saeful, Albarrobi Nabila; Saiful, Jusef; Fikri, Ahmad Atif
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4086

Abstract

Green urea production requires high efficiency, in addition to reducing carbon emissions, high efficiency is needed to prevent waste from being wasted too much. High turbulence results in the creation of biuret that can interfere with the efficiency of urea production, one of the solutions that can be used to overcome this problem using flow conditioners. The analytical method is used to analyze and select the flow conditioner design, with the aim of having the most optimal turbulence and pressure drop values. The numerical method of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is also used in this study, the purpose of which is to validate the results and visualize the flow. The results show that the difference between the results of the analytical and numerical methods is not more than 5%, and the turbulence value can be reduced by about 5x by only losing about 0.3 bar of pressure from the system without the use of flow conditioners. This shows that the green urea production process can be more efficient and reduce the waste produced.
Performance Test of Water Flow Control System and Nozzle Movement in Fountains Integrated with Automatic Plant Irrigation Suhendra, Suhendra; Nopriandy, Feby; Fahrizal, Irma; Rianto, Ari
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4556

Abstract

The presence of fountains in public areas can create a comfortable atmosphere for everyone. Green spaces can provide ecological and aesthetic benefits, so fountains that combine ecological and aesthetic functions were essential. Based on this, research was conducted to test the performance of the water flow control system and nozzle movement control in a fountain integrated with automatic plant irrigation. Water flow testing was conducted by setting the dimmer at angles of 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, and 65°. Nozzle movement testing was carried out by giving servo motor movement commands at angles of 50° – 130° and gradually adding an angle of 4° for each test. The data collected in the study were water flow and nozzle movement accuracy. Based on the test results, the minimum flow rate recorded was 0.141 l/s at an angle of 20°, the maximum flow rate reached 0.775 l/s at an angle of 65°, while the average flow rate from the tests was 0.490 l/s. The nozzle movement system showed an average accuracy of 98.84%, indicating that the system performs very well. The test results showed that the water discharge control and nozzle movement systems were able to produce controlled water jets, both in terms of flow rate and direction.

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