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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 661 Documents
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Kajian sifat listrik bayam merah dan daun kelor sebagai fotosensitizer pada DSSC solar cell Nurlaila Rajabiah; Tri Cahyo Wahyudi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 1 (2022): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i1.2119

Abstract

DSSC (Dye Sensitized Solar Cell) uses dye as a sensitizer material which is used as an electron donor to TiO2 nanoparticles and uses an electrolyte as an electron transport medium. One of the dye extracts of purple spinach and moringa leaves used as a photosensitizer is chlorophyll extract or anthocyanin. The nature of chlorophyll which is able to absorb light is a function of the dye in DSSC. Making Moringa leaf and red spinach leaf dye after being blended, dried and ground into powder. Then the Moringa leaf powder was mixed with 70% ethanol with the ratio of Moringa leaves and ethanol, namely 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. Meanwhile, red spinach leaf powder was mixed with ethanol solution in a ratio of 1:3. DSSC fabrication shows that the voltage, current, and power produced increases with the increasing amount of ethanol used, namely 1.879 mW, 1.573 mW, and 1.98 mW. Meanwhile, red spinach leaves mixed with ethanol in a ratio of 1:3 showed that the results were higher than Moringa leaves. So from the results of DSSC Solar Cell fabrication using Moringa leaves and red spinach leaves, it shows that there is light absorption from these materials and an increase in the conductive properties of Moringa and red spinach DSSCs.
Optimasi kinerja reaktor pirolysis biomassa dengan penambahan pipa udara Kemas Ridhuan; Fajar Khusaini; Ridwan Ridwan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 1 (2022): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i1.2121

Abstract

The pyrolysis reactor is a tool that functions to decompose organic compounds from biomass materials which is carried out by a heating process without or little air with temperatures ranging from 300-600°C. The results obtained from the pyrolysis reactor process are charcoal and liquid smoke. The existing air will accelerate the process of biomass oxidation, but if there is excess air it will cause combustion of the biomass so that most of it will be oxidized and decomposed into smoke and this will cause less charcoal yield. However, without air, the pyrolysis process will take longer. Therefore, an ideal air requirement is needed so that the effectiveness of this biomass pyrolysis process can be maintained because it will produce optimal charcoal and liquid smoke. The purpose of this research is to find out how many air pipes for the pyrolysis reactor are needed in this combustion process and how long the time and temperature of the pyrolysis process combustion and how much charcoal and liquid smoke are obtained. This research was conducted at the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Metro, this study used a pyrolysis reactor with a diameter of 40 cm, height 50 cm, air pipe diameter inch with variations in the number of 1,3 and 5. Using 8 kg of corncob biomass. Straight pipe condenser with 12 mm diameter copper material 3 m long, outer pipe diameter 4 inch. The results showed that the highest pyrolysis temperature in air pipe 5 was 485°C with a pyrolysis process time of 120 minutes and the lowest temperature in pipe 1 was 353°C with a pyrolysis process time of 185 minutes. The results of the most liquid smoke in air pipe 5 are 0.5 liters or 6.25% and the least liquid smoke results are in air pipes 1 as much as 0.32 liters or 4.0% For the highest charcoal yields in air pipes 1 weighing 4 kg or 50% and for charcoal yields at least on air pipe 5 of 3.2 kg or 42.5%. The highest pH level in the air pipe 1 is 3.43 and the lowest level in the air pipe is 3.11.
Audit energi sistem tata cahaya dan tata udara lantai 2 & 3 pada bangunan gedung toko buku di Pekanbaru Awaludin Martin; Dhiky Rahman Agusta; Nehemia Simangunsong
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2133

Abstract

Energy audit is a technique used to analyze the amount of energy consumption in buildings and identify ways or methods to save it. Based on the Minister of Human Resources Regulation No. 13 of 2012 stated rules regarding energy management and energy saving standards. Shopping buildings are one of the sectors that use electrical energy to operate. A bookstore in Pekanbaru which consists of three floors also uses electrical energy for lighting and air conditioning systems. The use of electricity for lighting and air conditioning for a month is 37985.5 kWh and then ECO is carried out so that the use of electrical energy can be reduced to 30,138 kWh in each month. The use of electrical energy can be expressed in Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE), before the ECO IKE was carried out for the 2nd and 3rd floors of the bookstore building in Pekanbaru was 28.59 and after energy saving opportunities, the Energy Consumption Index became 23.09.
Analisis kekuatan struktur ramp door haluan pada kapal Ferry Ro-Ro 1500 GT dengan variasi beban menggunakan Finite Element Method Alamsyah Alamsyah; Amalia Ika Wulandari; Muhammad Uswah Pawara; Muhammad Yusuf Al-Hafidz
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2161

Abstract

Ramp Door is a door to put a vehicle into a Ro-Ro ship or any other type of ship that transports vehicles. The use of Ramp Door is needed to facilitate the process of unloading and loading vehicles from the crossing dock to the ship and vice versa. This study aims to analyze the strength of Ramp Door structure with load variations from various types of vehicles in order to compress the maximum stress results and safety factors. The method used is the FEM method with the help of an element-based application up to. The results of the study obtained the maximum stress value of Ramp Door Bow with MPV vehicle type at an even load is 43.26 MPa. In this type of SUV vehicle, the maximum stress with an even load is 50.37 MPa. In sedan vehicle type the maximum stress with an even load is 37.61 MPa. in commerial vehicle type the maximum stress with an even load is 45.70 MPa. In this type of small truck vehicle, the maximum stress with an even load is 81.53 MPa. In large truck vehicles the maximum stress with an even load is 302.48 MPa. In this type of vehicle, the maximum stress bus with an even load is 178.08 MPa. For the largest safety factor value is a type of Commercial vehicle with a value of 8.91. While the smallest safety factor value is the type of Big Truck vehicle with a safety factor value of 1.01.
Pengaruh fraksi volume dan orientasi sudut serat komposit polyester-serbuk kayu ulin (eusideroxylon zwageri)-kawat kasa terhadap kekuatan bending Akhmad Syarief; Taufik Irfansyah Sofian; Akhmad Ghiffary Budianto; Andy Nugraha
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2163

Abstract

A composite is a material formed from the combination of two or more constituent materials through an inhomogeneous mixture. The ironwood waste has less economic value, which makes the authors interested in conducting research using mosquito nets and particle composite ironwood waste. Which is to find out the effect of volume fraction and angle orientation of the fiber composite polyester-ulinwood powder (Eusideroxylon zwageri)-mosquito wire on the bending strength. The bending test was carried out using the ASTM D-790 standard with the three point bending test method and the composite was manufactured using the hand lay-up method with the particle composition: polyester: 10%: 90%, 15%: 85%, 20%: 80%, and 25%: 75%. The results obtained in the comparison of the composition of less ironwood powder, a finer mesh size with an orientation angle of 45°, and mosquito wire show the highest bending strength and high deformation ability (ductile), and the addition of mosquito net as one of the composite specimen fibers of polyester resin does not increase significant bending strength but can reduce the deformability reduction effect.
Karakterisasi pengecoran connecting rod dengan penambahan unsur paduan titanium-boron (Ti-B) Andika Wisnujati; Muhammad Abdus Shomad; Mudjijana Mudjijana
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2170

Abstract

Nowdays, motorcycles become a primary need for people, especially in Indonesia. This has resulted in the increasing number of motorcycle spare parts waste. The waste is in the form of motorcycle components such as wheels, tires, drums, canvas, gear, chains and pistons and many others. Until now, the community has not used this waste, especially the use of used pistons as raw material for casting connecting rods. Connecting rod itself is a motorcycle component made of aluminum. In this study, the authors wanted to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of the casting (imitation) connecting rods made from used pistons with the addition of Titanium Boron (Ti-B) elements. The characterization of the casting results was analyzed by observing the microstructure and Vickers hardness test. The results showed that the physical properties of the foundry material contained 81.6% aluminum and 13.09% silicon, while on microstructure observations with a magnification of 100x, the Al phase and Al-Si alloys were more dominant. In the Vickers hardness test, the hardness result was 79.59 VHN. This is due to the addition of Ti-B elements which can refine grains and reduce porosity in aluminum silicon (Al-Si) alloys for motorcycle connecting rod spare parts.
Pengaruh parameter proses friction stir welding dengan material aluminium alloy AA6061-T651 terhadap distorsi dan kekerasan Mulyadi Mulyadi; Rachmat Firdaus; Iswanto Iswanto; Mochammad Nur Rizki
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2171

Abstract

Welding is a process of uniting two or more materials into a form of connection using heat energy. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding method that can produce high-quality welding joints for some materials with low weldability such as aluminum. The research objective was to determine the effect of process parameters on the distortion and resistance of aluminum AA6061-T651 material through the Brinell hardness test. The FSW tool used has a hexagonal pin geometry. The experimental design used the Taguchi method. This study uses 4 factors and each factor has 4 levels, the elements used are tool rotation speed, welding speed, tool tilt angle, and concave shoulder angle. The responses analyzed are distortion and hardness of the welded joint material. The effect of process parameters on the response was analyzed using ANOVA. The results of ANOVA on distortion obtained the value of Brinell hardness in the weld metal area, and in the TMAZ area. Specimen 13 with tool rotation speed parameters of 3022 rpm, welding speed of 43 mm/min, tool tilt angle of 3.5°, and concave shoulder angle of 2° with a distortion value of 0.117°. Then we get the results of the Brinell hardness of the weld metal which is close to the target of the base metal with the parameter tool rotation speed of 3022 rpm, welding speed of 90 mm/min, tool tilt angle of 2.5°, and concave shoulder angle of 8° with a Brinell hardness value of 75. 7 BHN, and the Brinell hardness value at TMAZ with tool rotation speed parameters of 1208 rpm, welding speed of 65 mm/min, tool tilt angle of 2.5°, and concave shoulder angle of 2° with a Brinell hardness value of 74.7 BHN.
The effect of blade density variation to cocopeat mass that produce by Poltesa cocopeat machine Pande Putu Agus Santoso; Iklas Sanubary; Diah Mahmuda
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2186

Abstract

Cocopeat machines that have been developed today, were carried out with variations in the speed of rotation, blade length, blade shape, and treatment of objects (coconut coir immersion). There has been no development of a cocopeat machine that focuses on variations of blade density. It is suspected that the blade density affects to the difference of cocopeat mass produced. This study was a true experiment. The dependent variable was cocopeat mass. The independent variables were blade density, consisting of σ1 (84/210π), σ2 (42/210π) and σ3 (21/210π). For each variation of the independent variable was conducted 10 experiments. The study sample was 30 pieces of coconut coir. The mass of each coconut coir was 50 grams. The engine's spin speed, length and blade shape, are the same for all samples. The data was analyzed using the t test at a significance level of 5%. The average mass values of cocopeat were σ1 (  = 16.5430; S1 = 1.9674), σ2 (  = 12.2650; S2 = 1.8341) and σ3 (μ3 = 10.0988; SD = 1.8943). The t test showed that the difference in the average value of cocopeat mass between groups were to12 = 5,030; to23 = 2,598; and to13 = 7,462. If t-table value for ν = 18 was 2,101, so . Ho was rejected and H1 accepted, so there was a difference of cocopeate mass that produced by poltesa cocopeat machine, which is effected by variations of blade density.
Studi eksperimental variasi media pendingin dan holding time tempering terhadap kekerasan material pengganti pin track link excavator 305.5E2 Auliana Diah Wilujeng; Misbakhul Fatah; Laily Ulfiyah
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 12 No 1 (2023): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v12i1.2223

Abstract

The frequency of using heavy equipment that exceeds capacity often occurs in construction projects. This can cause components to fail or wear out as in track link pin components. Therefore, this study aims to obtain a good quality of heat treatment using quenching and tempering methods, to the hardness values of AISI 1045 and AISI 1037 steels for replace the track link pin components of Excavator 305.5E2. In this study, the method of heat treatment is hardening with a temperature of 800℃. After that it is cooled quickly using water and oil media. After that, the specimens were tempered based on differences in holding times of 30, 35, 40 minutes. Specimens that have been heat treated will be tested using a hardness test using the Vickers method. From the results of this study, it was found that the effect of the cooling medium and holding time on the hardness value of AISI 1045 steel. At a holding time of 30 minutes the hardness value was 41.5 HRC. Meanwhile, in water media at a holding time of 30 minutes, the hardness value is 32.2 HRC.
Eksperimental karakteristik api dari suplai udara pada pembakaran uap partalite-partamax A'yan Sabitah; Ichwan Noor Ardiyat
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2232

Abstract

Partamax and partalate fuel are used as vehicle fuel in parts of the world, especially in Indonesia. Partamax and partalate have their own characteristics and if they are mixed, they will change the physicochemical properties of the pure fuel and affect the combustion behavior. In this study, an experiment was conducted on the combustion of partamax vapor, partalate and a mixture of partamax and partalate by varying the air supply by 1 liter/minute, 2 liters/minute and 3 liters/minute. The results of the combustion of fuel vapors were observed in the form of temperature by measuring using a thermocouple placed in two places with a height of 20 mm and 40 mm from the nozzle mouth and observing the flame using a camera. The results obtained from the observations are the flow of fire produced in the form of a laminar flame of all fuels, The highest flame temperature is owned by partamax fuel with an air supply of 3 liters/minute of 1047 oC on a thermocouple at an altitude of 20 mm and 1027 oC at an altitude of 40 mm, while the lowest temperature is owned by partalate fuel. This is because the octane value of partamax is higher. As the octane value increases, the flame temperature increases, but the flame height decreases. In addition, when the air supply is 3 liters/minute, a lift off phenomenon occurs in the partamax fuel and partamax-partalate mixture. This is because the octane value of partamax is higher. As the octane value increases, the flame temperature increases, but the flame height decreases. In addition, when the air supply is 3 liters/minute, a lift off phenomenon occurs in the partamax fuel and partamax-partalate mixture. This is because the octane value of partamax is higher. As the octane value increases, the flame temperature increases, but the flame height decreases. In addition, when the air supply is 3 liters/minute, a lift off phenomenon occurs in the partamax fuel and partamax-partalate mixture.

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