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Enhancing nutritional literacy and improving dietary patterns in obese adolescents through e-booklets Bektiningrum, Afifah; Sitasari, Almira; Rialihanto, Muhammad Primiaji; Nurhidayat, Nurhidayat; Waluyo, Waluyo; Suryani, Isti; Azizan, Nurul Ain; Siswati, Tri
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 13 ISSUE 6, 2025
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2025.0(0).%p

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Obesitas merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat dengan peningkatan prevalensi di semua kelompok usia di dunia. Salah satu faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap obesitas pada remaja adalah rendahnya literasi gizi dan pola makan yang tidak sehat. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui dampak intervensi edukasi dengan media e-booklet terhadap pengetahuan dan asupan makanan. Metode: single group pre-posttest intervention pada remaja di SMA di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Sampel ditentukan dengan kriteria inklusi siswa SMAN 1 Sentolo, kelas X dan XI, bersedia menjadi responden, hadir saat pengumpulan data dan mempunyai skor IMT/U > 1 SD, sehingga berjumlah 46 orang. Intervensi edukasi diberikan dengan media e-booklet melalui grup WhatsApp sedangkan data pengetahuan dan asupan makanan diobservasi pada saat pre-test, posttest-1 dan posttest-2. Data pengetahuan dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan data asupan makanan dikumpulkan dengan food recall 2 x 24 jam lalu dianalisis dengan t-test dan Wilcoxon.Hasil: Skor pengetahuan siswa pre, posttest-1 dan posttest-2 masing-masing adalah 56,3; 94,5; dan 98,5. Terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan yang signifikan baik pada posttest-1 maupun posttest-2. Tingkat asupan energi, protein, karbohidrat dan lemak pada pengukuran pre, posttest-1 dan posttest-2. Asupan energi menurun dari 126%, 110% dan 91%; asupan protein menurun dari 163%, 156% dan 106%; asupan lemak menurun dari 153%, 137% dan 106%; asupan karbohidrat menurun dari 100%, 91%, 76%. Hasil analisis menyatakan ada perbaikan asupan yang signifikan baik pada posttest-1 maupun posttest-2 kecuali asupan karbohidrat pada posttest-1. Kesimpulan: Edukasi gizi dengan media e-booklet berdampak pada peningkatan pengetahuan tentang obesitas dan memperbaiki asupan makanan pada remaja yang mengalami overweight dan obesitas. KATA KUNCI: asupan;edukasi; e-booklet; pengetahuan; protein; remaja. ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity is a public health problem with increasing prevalence in all age groups in the world. One of the factors that contribute to obesity in adolescents is low nutritional literacy and unhealthy diets.Objective: To determine the impact of educational interventions with e-booklet to knowledge and food intakeMethod: A single group pre-posttest intervention study was conducted on adolescents in senior high school Sentolo 1 (SMAN 1 Sentolo), Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The sample was chosen by criteria for grades X and XI, willing to be responders, present during data collection, and had BMI-for-age-score >1 SD, as many as 46 participants included this study. Educational interventions were provided with e-booklet was shared through WhatsApp groups, while knowledge and food intake were observed during the pre-test, post-test 1, and post-test 2. Knowledge was collected by questionnaire, and food intake was collected by food recall 2x24 hours. We apply t-test and Wilcoxon to analyze the data. Results: The knowledge scores significantly improved from 56.3 (pre-test) to 94.5 (post-test 1) and 98.5 (post-test 2) (p< 0.05). Significant reductions were observed in energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat intake between pre-test, post-test 1, and post-test 2, demonstrating the intervention's effectiveness in improving dietary habits among adolescents.Conclusion: Nutrition education using e-booklet has an impact on increasing knowledge about obesity and improving food intake in adolescents who are overweight and obese. KEYWORDS: adolescent; education; e-booklet; intake; knowledge; protein. Article submitted on January 19, 2025; Articles revised on February 17, 2025; Articles received on July 25, 2025; Articles available online on November 28, 2025

Effects of fermentation duration on α-glucosidase activity and vitamin C in temu mangga kombucha Zebua, Edarni; Maharani, Nani; Anjani, Gemala; Rustanti, Ninik; Al-Baari, Ahmad Ni’matullah
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 13 ISSUE 6, 2025
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2025.0(0).%p

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan gangguan metabolik yang semakin meningkat di Indonesia, ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula darah akibat gangguan fungsi sel β pankreas. Pangan fungsional yang memiliki sifat antioksidan dan kemampuan menghambat enzim pencernaan karbohidrat, seperti kombucha, berpotensi mendukung pengelolaan DMT2. Tujuan: Menganalisis aktivitas inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase dan kadar vitamin C pada kombucha temu mangga. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan di UPT Laboratorium Terpadu, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, mulai Agustus sampai November 2024, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat lama fermentasi (5, 7, 10, dan 14 hari), masing-masing diulang tiga kali. Aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dan kadar vitamin C dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 540 nm dan 265 nm. Data aktivitas inhibisi α-glukosidase dan kadar vitamin C dianalisis dengan ANOVA, jika hasil uji menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) dilanjutkan uji Post Hoc Tukey untuk menentukan kelompok yang berbeda dan Kruskal Wallis digunakan jika data tidak berdistribusi normal.Hasil: Aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase tertinggi diperoleh pada hari ke-14 fermentasi (75,84 ± 1,46%), menunjukkan penurunan signifikan dibandingkan kontrol (87,42 ± 0,96%). Kandungan vitamin C tertinggi ditemukan pada hari ke-5 fermentasi (2,06 ± 0,06 mg/100 mL), kemudian menurun seiring waktu fermentasi. Kesimpulan: Kombucha temu mangga menunjukkan potensi sebagai minuman fungsional yang mampu menghambat enzim α-glukosidase secara in vitro dan mengandung antioksidan yang relevan. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk menguji efektivitas dan keamanannya secara klinis pada manusia. KATA KUNCI : diabetes melitus; enzim α-glukosidase; kombucha; temu mangga (curcuma mangga); vitamin c ABSTRACTBackground: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a growing metabolic disorder in Indonesia, associated with impaired pancreatic β-cell function and elevated blood glucose levels. Functional foods with antioxidant and enzyme-inhibitory properties, like kombucha, may support T2DM management.Objective: To analyze the inhibition activity of the α-glucosidase enzyme and the vitamin C content in temu mangga kombucha.Methods: An experimental study was conducted in UPT Laboratory, Diponegoro University, Semarang, from August to November 2024., using a completely randomized design with four fermentation durations (5, 7, 10, and 14 days), each in triplicate. α-Glucosidase inhibition and vitamin C levels were assessed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at wavelengths of 540 nm and 265 nm. The inhibition activity data of α-glucosidase and vitamin C levels were analyzed using ANOVA. If the test results showed significant differences (p<0.05), a Tukey Post Hoc test was conducted to determine the different groups, and Kruskal-Wallis was used if the data were not normally distributed.Results: The highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was observed on day 14 (75.84 ± 1.46%), showing a significant reduction compared to the control (87.42 ± 0.96%). The highest vitamin C content (2.06 ± 0.06 mg/100 mL) was detected on day 5, followed by a gradual decline with prolonged fermentation.Conclusion: Temu mangga kombucha exhibits promising in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory potential and relevant antioxidant content. These findings suggest its potential as a dietary adjunct for T2DM management. However, in vivo studies are warranted to confirm its efficacy and safety in human subjects. KEYWORDS : α-glucosidase enzyme; diabetes mellitus; kombucha; temu mangga (curcuma mangga); vitamin cArticle submitted on January 31, 2025; Articles revised on February 20, 2025; Articles received on June 12, 2025; Articles available online on November 28, 2025

The effect of soybean substitution with pigeon peas (cajanus cajan) on physical characteristics, antioxidant properties, nutrient content, and sensory characteristics of tempeh Widyastuti, Rini; Setiawan, Budi; Nasution, Zuraidah; Astawan, Made
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 13 ISSUE 6, 2025
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2025.0(0).%p

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Kacang gude (Cajanus cajan) memiliki kandungan komponen bioaktif yang tinggi, namun pemanfaatannya dalam produk fermentasi seperti tempe masih terbatas. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh substitusi kedelai dengan kacang gude terhadap sifat fisik, komponen bioaktif, kandungan gizi, bioaksesibilitas mineral, dan sifat sensori tempe. Metode: Tempe dibuat dengan variasi rasio kacang gude dan kedelai (F1: 60:40, F2: 50:50, F3: 40:60) menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga ulangan. Sifat fisik yang dianalisis meliputi pertumbuhan miselium, daya iris, analisis warna dan rendemen. Komponen bioaktif meliputi analisis total kandungan flavonoid, fenolik, serta dengan metode penghambatan DPPH. Kandungan gizi dianalisis yakni kandungan serat total dan kandungan zat besi serta bio aksesibilitasnya. Sifat sensoris tempe dianalisis dengan uji hedonik menggunakan 35 panelis semi terlatih untuk memperoleh formula yang paling banyak disukai. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji deskriptif dengan metode konsensus pada formula terpilih.Hasil: Semua formula tempe berhasil dikembangkan yang ditunjukkan dengan sifat fisik yang baik, termasuk pertumbuhan miselium, warna putih, dan tekstur yang kompak. Tempe substitusi kacang gude menunjukkan penurunan kecerahan dan peningkatan daya iris seiring bertambahnya proporsi kacang gude. Selain itu terdapat peningkatan kandungan total flavonoid, fenolik serta antioksidan seiring peningkatan kandungan kacang gude. Analisis kandungan gizi menunjukkan terjadi penurunan signifikan kandungan serat total pada F3 (40:60). Kadar zat besi (Fe) antar formula tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan, namun bioaksesibilitas Fe menurun signifikan seiring peningkatan rasio kacang gude. Uji kesukaan menunjukkan penurunan signifikan pada F3 (40:60), sehingga formula F2 (50:50) dipilih untuk uji deskripsi. Tempe substitusi kacang gude segar memiliki aroma fermentasi yang dominan, namun proses penggorengan dapat mengurangi intensitasnya. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa substitusi kedelai dengan kacang gude berpotensi meningkatkan nilai fungsional tempe, khususnya potensi antioksidan dengan tetap mempertahankan penerimaan sensori, sehingga berpotensi sebagai bahan alternatif yang dapat dikembangkan pada pembuatan tempe. KATA KUNCI: antioksidan; fermentasi; kacang gude; kedelai; tempe ABSTRACTBackground: Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) recognized for its high content of bioactive compounds; however, its application in fermented products, such as tempeh, remains underexplored. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of substituting soybeans with pigeon peas on the bioactive components, mineral bioaccessibility, and sensory properties of tempeh. Methods: A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was employed, using different soybean-to-pigeon pea ratios: F1(60:40), F2(50:50), F3 (40:60).. The physical properties analyzed included mycelial growth, cutting force, color analysis, and yield. Bioactive components evaluated through total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Nutritional analysis covered total dietary fiber, iron content, and their bioaccessibility. Sensory evaluation involved a hedonic test with 35 semi-trained panelists to determine the most preferred formulation, followed by a descriptive sensory analysis using the consensus method. Results: All tempeh formulas were successfully developed, exhibiting good physical properties, including mycelium growth, white color, and compact texture. The tempeh samples demonstrated decreased lightness and increased cutting force with the addition of pigeon peas. The results indicated that increasing the proportion of pigeon peas significantly enhanced total antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and flavonoid levels (p < 0.05). Nutrient analysis showed total fiber content significantly decreased in F3 (40:60). Iron (Fe) levels remained consistent across formulations (8.55 to 8.92 mg/100 g); however, Fe bioaccessibility significantly declined with higher pigeon pea ratios. The acceptance test revealed a notable decrease in acceptability for F3 (40:60), leading to the selection of F2 (50:50) for descriptive analysis. Fresh tempe substituted pigeon peas exhibited a dominant fermentation aroma, which was subsequently mitigated by the frying process. Conclusions: These findings suggest that soybean substitution with pigeon peas can enhance the functional value of tempeh, especially its antioxidant potential, without compromising sensory quality, presenting a promising alternative for further tempeh development. KEYWORD: antioxidants, fermentation, pigeon pea, soybean, tempeh Article submitted on May 08, 2025; Articles revised on May 26, 2025; Articles received on August 08, 2025; Articles available online on November 28, 2025

Perspectives of teachers and food sellers on healthy canteens in Yogyakarta: A qualitative study Hardiyanti, Marina; Hanindriyo, Lisdrianto; Widita, Elastria; Dewi, Wulan May Kusuma; A'yun, Isna Nur Qurota; Amelia, Rizka Nur; Rahmadani, Alfina Nur
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 13 ISSUE 6, 2025
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2025.0(0).%p

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Ketersediaan makanan sehat menjadi faktor penting dalam menjaga kecukupan asupan gizi harian anak di sekolah. Kantin sekolah berperan sebagai unit penting dalam menyediakan makanan bagi siswa. Namun, terdapat berbagai tantangan dalam penyelenggaraan kantin sehat, baik dari segi pemilihan makanan maupun pengelolaannya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perspektif dan pengetahuan guru yang bertanggung jawab terhadap program kantin sehat serta penyedia makanan kantin di sebelas sekolah yang terpilih di wilayah Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penyusunan metode penelitian mengacu pada COREQ checklist. Sepuluh pertanyaan wawancara semi-terstruktur dikembangkan untuk menggali perspektif guru dan penyedia makanan kantin pada program kantin sehat di sekolah. Sebelas guru dan delapan penyedia makanan direkrut secara purposif dan diwawancarai selama 20–40 menit pada April–Mei 2024 di sekolah. Sembilan sekolah negeri dan dua sekolah swasta dengan tujuh diantaranya adalah sekolah dasar dan empat sekolah taman kanak-kanak di wilayah Kota Yogyakarta menjadi lokasi penelitian ini. Analisis tematik digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tema utama dan menginterpretasikan temuan penelitian. Hasil: Empat tema utama yang mencerminkan tantangan dan strategi dalam pengelolaan kantin sehat diidentifikasi melalui respon dari partisipan. Sebagian besar partisipan menegaskan pentingnya komitmen sekolah dan regulasi yang jelas dalam menjaga kualitas dan kebersihan makanan dalam upaya mendukung keberhasilan program kantin sehat. Beberapa sekolah juga telah memiliki program makan bersama, baik itu program rutin resmi maupun bagian dari program lainnya. Belum semua kantin sehat sekolah termonitor secara rutin. Kesimpulan: Keberhasilan implementasi kantin sehat bergantung pada komitmen sekolah yang kuat dan dukungan regulasi yang jelas. Sinergi antara pihak sekolah, penyedia makanan kantin, dan pemangku kebijakan diperlukan untuk keberlanjutan program kantin sehat di sekolah. KATA KUNCI: kantin sehat;; kebijakan sekolah; sekolah sehat ABSTRACTBackground: Healthy food availability is considered an important factor in achieving daily nutritional adequacy among school children. School canteens play a vital role in providing food, yet face numerous challenges in serving healthy choices and effective management. Objectives: this study aims to explore the view of responsible teachers for healthy canteen programs and canteen food providers at eleven schools in the Yogyakarta city area.Methods: This descriptive qualitative study followed COREQ guidelines. Ten semi-structured interview questions were developed to collect perspectives from teachers and canteen food providers regarding the school’s healthy canteen. Eleven teachers and eight canteen food providers were recruited and interviewed for 20-40 minutes on April-May 2024 in the schools. The study was conducted across eleven schools in Yogyakarta City, comprising nine public and two private institutions, with seven primary schools and four kindergartens. Thematic analysis was performed to extract the themes and interpret the result. Results: Four main themes reflecting the challenges and strategies in managing a healthy canteen were identified from the responses of participants. Most participants emphasized the importance of school commitment and clear regulations in maintaining the quality and hygiene of food to support the success of the healthy canteen program. Some schools already implement lunch programs, either a regular formal lunch program or as supporting initiatives linked to other school programs. However, not all school canteens are regularly monitored. Conclusions: The success of implementing a healthy canteen relies on the strong commitment of the school and well-defined regulatory support. Synergy between the school, canteen food providers, and policymakers is necessary to ensure the sustainability of the healthy canteen program in schools. KEYWORD: healthy canteen; healthy school; school initiativesArticle submitted on February 02, 2025; Articles revised on April 17, 2025; Articles received on July 18, 2025; Articles available online on November 30, 2025

Hubungan sosial ekonomi, pola asuh, pola makan dengan stunting pada siswa sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Lut Tawar, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah Aramico, Basri; Sudargo, Toto; Susilo, Joko
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2013.1(3).121-130

ABSTRACTBackground: High prevalence of stunted children that indicates nutrition problem in Indonesia is a chronic problem associated with poverty, low education, and lack of service and environmental health. The low birth weight infant will have an impact on growth disorders in children. Objectives: To identify association between social economic aspect of the family, rearing pattern, eating pattern and stunting in elementary school children in Lut Tawar Subditrict Central Aceh Regency.Methods: The study were analytic observational with cross sectional design and qualitative method. Data were obtained through observation and interview using questionnaire. Samples were 378 children from 11 elementary school in Lut Tawar Subdistrict Central Aceh Regency. Samples were selected by proportional random sampling. Analysis used chi-square at confi dence interval 95%. Number of samples were 378 children.Results: There were association between maternal education and nutritional status (p<0.001) OR=4.06; father education and nutritional status (p<0.001) OR=3.37; number of underfi ves with nutritional status (p=0.007) OR=2.71; income of parent and nutritional status (p<0.001) OR=7.8; rearing pattern and nutritional status (p<0.001)) OR=8.07; eating pattern and nutritional status (p<0.001) OR=6.01. There were dominant association between rearing pattern and nutritional status with OR 8, between eating patern,income of parent and nutritional status with OR of 6.01 There were no association between acces and utilization of health service and nutritional status (p=0,78) OR=0,93.Conclusions: There were signifi cant association between rearing pattern, eating pattern, and nutritional status.KEYWORDS: stunting, rearing pattern, eating patternABSTRAKLatar belakang: Tingginya prevalensi anak pendek yang menunjukkan masalah gizi di Indonesia merupakan masalah kronis yang berkaitan dengan kemiskinan, rendahnya pendidikan, dan kurang memadainya pelayanan dan kesehatan lingkungan.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aspek sosial ekonomi keluarga, pola asuh, pola makan, dan stunting pada anak sekolah dasar DI Kecamatan Lut Tawar Kabupaten Aceh Tengah.Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dan metode kuantitatif, jumlah sampel 378 anak, yaitu siswa sekolah dasar kelas I-III pada 11 sekolah dasar. Sampel diambil berdasarkan proportional random sampling, pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan program komputer yaitu analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat.Hasil: Tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan status gizi (p=0,39) OR=1,22, tidak ada hubungan antara umur dengan status gizi (p=0,25) OR=0,73, tidak ada hubungan antara akses pelayanan kesehatan dengan status gizi (p=0,78) OR=0,93. Ada hubungan antara pendidikan ibu dengan status gizi (p<0,001) OR=4,06, ada hubungan antara pendidikan ayah dengan status gizi (p<0,001) OR=3,37, ada hubungan antara jumlah balita dalam keluatga dengan status gizi (p=0,007) OR=2,71. Ada hubungan antara pendapatan orang tua dan status gizi (p<0,001) OR=7,8. Ada hubungan antara pola asuh dengan status gizi (p<0,001) ) OR=8,07, ada hubungan antara pola makan dengan status gizi (p<0,001) OR=6,01.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifi kan antara pola asuh, penghasilan orang tua, pendidikan orang tua, dan pola makan dengan status gizi. Tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin, umur dan akses pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan dengan status gizi.KATA KUNCI: stunting, pola asuh, pola makan

Status gizi dan motivasi belajar sebagai faktor risiko terhadap kemampuan kognitif anak sekolah dasar di daerah endemik GAKY Agnesia, Dian; Sudargo, Toto; Widodo, Untung Supariadi
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2013.1(3).131-142

ABSTRACTBackground: More than 200 million children under 5 years old in developing countries are not fulfilled its development potential. Child potential development is influenced by several factors, such as biological factors, psychosocial, physical, social, culture, and socio-economic. People living in iodine deficiency area have intelligent quotient (IQ) up to 13.5 point lower than those living in the area with suffi cient iodine. The result of iodinized salt monitored by Sleman District Health Offi ce showed total goitre rate (TGR) of school children in Subdistrict of Cangkringan, District of Sleman was 39.5, which was categorized as severe iodine deficiency.Objective: To identify nutritional status (anthropometry), academic achievement, and learning motivation as risk factors of cognitive ability of elementary children in IDD endemic area.Method: The study used case control design. Samples consisted of 107 children with cognitive ability below average (score IQ<90) as cases and 198 children with cognitive ability above average (score IQâ‰¥90) as controls. Data of cognitive ability were obtained through culture fair intelligence test (CFIT), anthropometric assessment for nutritional status, clean score of Indonesian and mathematics for academic achievement, and questionnaire for learning motivation of children. Data were processed descriptively and analytically using chi-square and t-test.Result: The prevalence of short nutritional status was 25.9%. There was signifi cant association between nutritional status (height/age) (p=0.46), learning motivation (p=0.03), and academic achievement (Indonesian, p=0.00, mathematics, p=0.000), and cognitive ability. There was no association between nutritional status (Body Mass Index/age) and cognitive ability (p=0.109). Children with short nutrition status had risk 1.7 times greater for lower cognitive ability. Children with low learning motivation had risk 3.3 times greater for low cognitive ability.Conclusion: Children with cognitive ability above average had nutritional status (height/ age), learning motivation, and academic achievement (Indonesia and mathematics) better than those with cognitive ability below average.KEYWORDS: cognitive, nutritionl status, learning motivation, academic achievement, iodine deficiency disorderABSTRAKLatar belakang: Lebih dari 200 juta anak di bawah 5 tahun di negara berkembang tidak terpenuhi potensi perkembangannya. Potensi perkembangan anak dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu faktor biologis, psikososial, fisik, sosial budaya serta, sosial ekonomi. Masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah defisiensi iodium memiliki intelligent quotient (IQ) hingga 13,5 point lebih rendah dibandingkan masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah cukup yodium. Hasil pemantauan garam beryodium oleh Dinas Kesehatan Sleman menunjukkan total goitre rate (TGR) anak sekolah di Kecamatan Cangkringan Kabupaten Sleman adalah 39,5%, yang tergolong dalam endemik berat.Tujuan: Mengetahui bahwa status gizi (antropometri), prestasi belajar, dan motivasi belajar sebagai faktor risiko terhadap kemampuan kognitif anak sekolah dasar di daerah endemik GAKY.Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah studi kasus kontrol. Jumlah subjek penelitian yaitu kelompok kasus 107 anak dengan kemampuan kognitif di bawah rata-rata (skor IQ<90) dan kontrol 198 anak dengan kemampuan kognitif di atas rata-rata (skor IQ>90). Pengumpulan data kemampuan kognitif dengan menggunakan culture fair intelligence test (CFIT), pengukuran antropometri untuk status gizi, nilai murni Bahasa Indonesia dan matematika untuk prestasi belajar dan kuesioner untuk motivasi belajar anak. Data diolah secara deskriptifanalitik menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji beda t-test.Hasil: Prevalensi status gizi pendek sebesar 25,9%. Terdapat hubungan signifi kan antara status gizi (TB/U) (p=0,046), motivasi belajar (p=0,03), dan prestasi belajar (Bahasa Indonesia, p=0,00, matematika, p=0,00) dengan kemampuan kognitif. Tidak terdapat hubungan signifi kan antara status gizi (IMT/U) dengan kemampuan kognitif (p=0,109). Anak dengan status gizi pendek berisiko 1,7 kali memiliki kemampuan kognitif di bawah rata-rata daripada anak normal. Anak dengan motivasi rendah berisiko 3,3 kali memilikikemampuan kognitif di bawah rata-rata.Kesimpulan: Anak dengan kemampuan kognitif di atas rata-rata memiliki status gizi, motivasi belajar, dan prestasi belajar (Bahasa Indonesia maupun matematika) yang lebih baik daripada yang memiliki kemampuan kognitif di bawah rata-rata.KATA KUNCI: kognitif , status gizi, motivasi belajar, prestasi belajar, endemik GAKY

Tingkat pendapatan dan pola makan berhubungan dengan status gizi balita di Daerah Nelayan Distrik Jayapura Utara Kota Jayapura Persulessy, Vonny; Mursyid, Abidillah; Wijanarka, Agus
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2013.1(3).143-150

ABSTRACTBackground: Nutrition has an important role in human life cycle. Undernourishment in infants and underfives can cause growth and development disorder. Development of Papua community begins from village empowerment, such as nutrition improvement, health service, and people’s economy. There are544 fisherman families at District of Jayapura Utara. Main stipend of Papua community consists of rice, sago, hipere, taro and banana. Sago is consumed by the majority of people residing at coastal areas. Nutrition Status Monitoring of Jayapura Municipal Health Office in 2008 indicated that 3.4% of underfiveswere malnourished, 17.8% undernourished, 76% well nourished and 2.8% overnourished.Objectives: To identify correlation between level of income and diet pattern with nutritional status of underfive in fi sherman area of Jayapura District Jayapura Municipality.Methods: The study was observational with cross sectional design. The independent variables were level of income and eating pattern; the dependent variable was nutritional status. The study was undertaken in October-December 2010 at District of North Jayapura, Jayapura Municipality involving 162 underfives (of 12-59 moths), and mothers of underfives as respondents. Data were obtained through questionnaire of income, eating pattern using food frequency questionnaire, nutritional status measured from anthropometrybased on weight/age standard of WHO 2005. Data analysis used bivariate with chi square, multivariate with multiple logistic regression.Results: There was signifi cant correlation between income level with nutritional status with (p=0.000) and between diet pattern with nutritional status (p=0.000).Conclusions: Underfives having parents with sufficient income had better nutritional status than those having parent with insufficient income. Underfives with good diet pattern had better nutritional status than those with poor diet pattern.KEYWORDS: income, diet pattern, nutrition status of underfives, fisherman areaABSTRAKLatar belakang: Secara nasional, prevalensi balita gizi buruk dan kurang menurun sebanyak 0,5% menjadi 17,9%. Prevalensi gizi buruk dan kurang Provinsi Papua menurut Riskesdas tahun 2010 sebanyak 16,3%. Data neraca bahan makanan (NBM) Provinsi Papua secara kuantitas menunjukkan rata-rata peningkatan produksi bahan makanan di antaranya beras, jagung, umbi-umbian. Secara kualitas, energi dan protein melebihi angka kecukupan gizi (AKG), tetapi status gizi buruk dan kurang di Kota Jayapura mencapai 21,2% yang dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, yaitu tingkat pendapatan, pola makan, pengetahuan ibu, jumlah anggota dalam keluarga.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pendapatan dan pola makan dengan status gizi balita di daerah nelayan Distrik Jayapura Utara, Kota Jayapura.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 162 balita (usia 12-59 bulan) dan ibu balita sebagai responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner tingkat pendapatan, pola makan anak dalam keluarga menggunakan food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), status gizi diukur menggunakan antropometri berdasarkan BB/U standar baku WHO 2005. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan chi-square, sedangkan analisis multivariat menggunakan multiple logistic regression.Hasil: Tingkat pendapatan dengan status gizi menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan nilai (p=0,000). Pola makan dengan status gizi menunjukkan hubungan yang bemakna yaitu (p= 0,010). Variabel luar pengetahuan ibu dengan status gizi, jumlah anggota keluarga dengan status gizi tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna, yaitu p>0,05.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pendapatan dengan status gizi, pola makan dengan status gizi.Tetapi tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu dengan status gizi, dan jumlah anggota keluarga dengan status gizi.KATA KUNCI: tingkat pendapatan, pola makan, status gizi balita, daerah nelayan

Riwayat pola asuh, pola makan, asupan zat gizi berhubungan dengan stunting pada anak 24â€“59 bulan di Biboki Utara, Timor Tengah Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur Nabuasa, Christin Debora; Juffrie, M; Huriyati, Emy
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2013.1(3).151-163

ABSTRACTBackground: Stunting is an indicator of chronic malnutrition that reflects problem of overall social economic condition in the past and as a manifestation of further consequences of the prevalence of low birth weight and undernutrition in children underfive and absence of supreme catch-up growth in the followingyears. Stunting brings impact to physical growth disorder that results in low capacity in working memory, learning memory, visuospatial ability and cognitive function. Low economic condition, rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake for a long time cause high prevalence of stunting in children underfives. The result of basic health survey 2007 showed the prevalence of stunting at the Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur was 46.7%, in District of Timor Tengah Utara was 59.6% and at Subdistrict of Biboki Utara in two subsequent years were 64.6% and 60.2%.Objectives: To identify association between history of rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake and stunting in children of 24-59 months in Subdistrict of Biboki Utara District of Timor Tengah Utara Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur.Methods: The study was observational with case control design. Research instrument was questionnaire that was used to identify history of rearing pattern, eating pattern and nutrient intake through recall 4x24 hours subsequently. The study was carried out in Subdistrict of Biboki Utara with subject of the study were children of 24-59 months old involving a total of 152 subjects consisting of 76 children underfive as cases and 76 as control.Results: History of inadequate rearing pattern was 53.9%, eating pattern 55.9%, energy intake 55.9%, protein intake 52.6%, calcium intake 52.0%, infection disease 51.3%, family economy 61.8%, food tenacity 71.7%. The result of bivariate analysis showed variables of history of rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake, infection disease, family economy had significant association (p<0.05) with stunting whereas food security had no significant association. The result of multivariate analysis showed variable of history of rearing pattern most dominantly influenced the prevalence of stunting.Conclusions: There was significant association between history of rearing pattern, eating pattern, intake of protein, energy, calcium and stunting.KEYWORDS: rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake, culture, economy, infection disease, food security, stunting,children underfiveABSTRAKLatar belakang: Stunting merupakan salah satu indikator gizi kronis yang dapat memberikan gambaran gangguan keadaan sosial ekonomi keseluruhan di masa lampau. Stunting diketahui dengan melakukan pengukuran indikator TB/U. Dampak stunting menyebabkan menurunnya pertumbuhan, perkembanganmotorik terlambat, terhambatnya pertumbuhan mental, penurunan intelegensi anak, penurunan kualitas sumber daya manusia dan produktivitas. Anak stunting umur â‰¥ 2 tahun mempunyai risiko mengalami morbiditas dan obesitas lebih tinggi. Dengan rendahnya keadaan ekonomi, pola asuh, pola makan,asupan zat gizi dalam kurun waktu yang lama menyebabkan tingginya prevalensi stunting pada balita. Hasil riskesdas tahun 2007, prevalensi stunting provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur sebesar 46,7% dan prevalensi di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara sebesar 59,6% dan di Kecamatan Biboki Utara 2 tahun berturut-turut adalah 64,6% dan 60,2%.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat pola asuh, pola makan, asupan zat gizi terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Kecamatan Biboki Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara ProvinsiNTT. Metode: Jenis penelitian studi observasional dengan rancangan case-control dengan alat ukur menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengetahui riwayat pola asuh, pola makan dan asupan zat gizi menggunakan recall 24 jam. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Biboki Utara dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 152 yang terdiri dari 76 anak sebagai kasus dan 76 anak sebagai kontrol.Hasil: Riwayat pola asuh kurang (53,9%), pola makan (55,9%), asupan energi (55,9%), asupan protein (52,6%), asupan kalsium (52,0%), budaya (61,1%), penyakit infeksi (51,3%), ekonomi keluarga (61,8%), ketahanan pangan (71,7%), berdasarkan analisis bivariat yang dilakukan diperoleh variabel riwayatpola asuh, pola makan, asupan zat gizi, budaya, penyakit infeksi, ekonomi keluarga memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p<0,05), ketahanan pangan tidak signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting (p>0,05). Analisis multivariat diperoleh variabel riwayat pola asuh paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kejadian stunting.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna pada variabel pola asuh, pola makan, asupan zat gizi, budaya, ekonomi keluarga dan penyakit infeksi terhadap kejadian stunting, tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna pada variabel ketahanan pangan terhadap kejadian stunting.KATA KUNCI: pola asuh, pola makan, asupan zat gizi, budaya, ekonomi, penyakit infeksi ketahanan pangan, stunting

Perebusan dan penumisan menurunkan kandungan beta karoten dalam wortel Adelina, Rany; Noorhamdani, Noorhamdani; Mustafa, Annasary
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2013.1(3).164-168

ABSTRACTBackground: Carrot is included in high beta carotene vegetable. Therefore, there were limited studies about the effect of cooking on nutrient content. Beta carotene found in carrots are provitamin A carotenoids that have strong antioxidant activity.Objectives: To determine the amount of beta carotene in carrots treated with two different cooking methods, that were, boiling and sautÃ©ing.Methods: A posttestâ€“only control group design was used for this study. Samples of this study were local carrots varieties, and were selected by quota sampling. The carrots were divided into three groups, with fresh carrots (n=6) as control groups, and boiled carrots (n=6) and sautÃ©ed carrots (n=6) as treatment groups. Beta carotenes were extracted using petroleum ether-acetone solvents. They were separated by using column chromatography and measured by spectrophotometer at wave length 450nm. Data collected were analyzed with one way anova followed by post hoc tests duncan, independent t-test, andpaired t-test.Results: The level of beta carotene between fresh carrots, boiled carrots, and sauteed carrots have significant difference with p=0.013 (anova, p<0.05), whereas the level of beta carotene in boiled carrots and sauteed carrots have no significantly difference with p=0.376 (independent t-test, p>0.05). However,there is a significant decrease in the level of beta carotene in beginning and end groups from the boiling method with p=0.027, and the level of beta carotene in beginning and end groups from the sauteing method have a signifi cant decrease with p=0.020 (paired t-test, p<0.05).Conclusions: Boiling and sauteing decreased beta carotene levels in carrots.KEYWORDS: beta carotene, boiling, carrot, sauteeingABSTRAKLatar belakang: Wortel termasuk dalam sayuran dengan kandungan beta karoten yang tinggi. Walaupun demikian, studi mengenai pengaruh pemasakan terhadap kandungan gizinya masih terbatas. Beta karoten merupakan salah satu jenis karotenoid provitamin A dan berperan sebagai antioksidan kuat yang sangat bermanfaat bagi proses metabolisme yang terjadi pada tubuh manusia.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan kandungan beta karoten pada wortel yang diolah dengan perebusan dan penumisan.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental rancangan acak lengkap. Desain penelitian ini adalah the posttest-only control group design. Populasi dan sampelnya adalah wortel varietas lokal. Sampel dipilih dengan cara kuota sampling untuk dibagi dalam tiga kelompok, yaitu wortel mentah (n=6) sebagai kelompok kontrol, sedangkan kelompok perlakuan adalah wortel yang direbus dengan air (n=6) dan wortel yang ditumis dengan minyak goreng (n=6). Variabel yang diukur adalah kandungan beta karoten pada masing-masing kelompok menggunakan kromatografi kolom dan spektrofotometri pada panjang gelombang 450 nm. Analisis data menggunakan oneway anova dilanjutkan dengan post hoc tests duncan, uji independent t-test, dan paired t-test.Hasil: Kandungan beta karoten antara wortel mentah, direbus, dan ditumis berbeda secara signifikan yaitu p=0,013 (anova, p<0,05). Kandungan beta karoten pada wortel direbus tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan wortel ditumis yaitu p=0,376 (uji independent t-test, p> 0,05). Terbukti adanya perbedaan kandungan beta karoten pada kelompok awal dan akhir dari teknik pengolahan perebusan menurun secara signifikan yaitu p=0,027, sedangkan kandungan beta karoten awal dan akhir dari teknik pengolahan penumisan menurun secara signifikan yaitu p=0,020 (uji paired t-test, p<0,05).Kesimpulan: Perebusan dan penumisan berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kandungan beta karoten dalam wortel.KATA KUNCI: beta karoten, perebusan, penumisan, wortel

Nutrimenu: nutrition education program to increase knowledge, attitude, and practices on the indonesian balanced nutrition Briawan, Dodik; Alfiah, Elma; Putri, Pramita Ariswati
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 12 ISSUE 2, 2024
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2024.12(2).59-79

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Saat ini, Indonesia masih menghadapi permasalahan stunting yang cukup tinggi dibandingkan dengan negara lain, termasuk di Asia Tenggara. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah melakukan program percepatan penurunan stunting melalui program spesifik dan sensitif yang melibatkan banyak sektor. Berbagai strategi disusun dengan sasaran prioritas pada kelompok ibu hamil dan anak usia 0-2 tahun dalam gerakan 1.000 HPK (Hari Pertama Kehidupan). Salah satu penyebab langsung stunting adalah rendahnya kualitas konsumsi makanan, yang dimulai sejak ibu hamil sampai anak usia dua tahun. Tujuan: Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas program Nutrimenu terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik ibu-ibu.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah pre-post intervention study yang secara khusus menganalisis perubahan pengetahuan, sikap, praktik sebelum dan setelah program Nutrimenu. Program tersebut berupa edukasi gizi yang diberikan kepada ibu-ibu yang mempunyai anak batita/balita/usia sekolah, ibu hamil, ibu menyusui, dan calon pengantin. Sebanyak 517 ibu-ibu dipilih dari 12.000 sasaran program yang berasal dari 4 kabupaten. Hasil: Terdapat 53% ibu-ibu peserta program yang mengalami peningkatan skor pengetahuan tentang gizi seimbang. Sebagian besar ibu-ibu (54%) mengalami peningkatan nilai skor sikap positif tentang gizi seimbang. Terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan jumlah ibu-ibu yang dapat mempraktikkan konsumsi pangan harian sesuai pedoman isi piringku, yaitu dari 13% menjadi 20% setelah program (p<0.05). Kesimpulan: Secara umum program Nutrimenu berhasil meningkatan pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik gizi seimbang pada ibu-ibu peserta. Peningkatan ini berpotensi menjadi langkah preventif yang penting dalam pencegahan stunting. KATA KUNCI: edukasi; gizi; isi piringku; perilaku; seimbang ABSTRACT Background: Currently, Indonesia is still facing a high stunting problem compared to other countries, including Southeast Asia. Therefore, the government is implementing a program to accelerate stunting reduction through specific and sensitive programs involving many sectors. Various strategies were prepared with priority targets for the group of pregnant women and children aged 0-2 years in the 1,000 HPK (first day of life) movement. One of the direct causes of stunting is low quality food consumption, which starts from pregnant women to children aged two years.Objectives: This study generally aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Nutrimenu program on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of women of mothers.Method: The research design is a pre-post intervention study which specifically analyzes changes in knowledge, attitudes, practices before and after the Nutrimenu program. The program takes the form of nutritional education provided to mothers who have toddlers/school age children, pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and prospective brides and grooms. A total of 517 mothers were selected from 12,000 program targets in 4 districts. Results: There were 53% of mothers participating in the program who experienced an increase in knowledge cores about balanced nutrition. Most mothers (54%) experienced an increase in positive attitude scores regarding balanced nutrition. There was a significant increase in the number of mothers who were able to practice daily food consumption according to the contents of My Plate guidelines, namely from 13% to 20% after the program (p<0.05).Conclusion: In general, the Nutrimenu has succeeded in increasing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of balanced nutrition among participating mothers. This improvement potentially served as a crucial preventive measure against stunting. KEYWORD: balanced-nutrition; behavior; education; my plate

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