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INDONESIA
Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology
Published by Pusat Litbang Daya Saing Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan
ISSN : 20895690     EISSN : 24069272     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
Squalen publishes original and innovative research to provide readers with the latest research, knowledge, emerging technologies, postharvest, processing and preservation, food safety and environment, biotechnology and bio-discovery of marine and fisheries. The key focus of the research should be on marine and fishery and the manuscript should include a fundamental discussion of the research findings and their significance. Manuscripts that simply report data without providing a detailed interpretation of the results are unlikely to be accepted for publication in the journal.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 363 Documents
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Production of Antioxidant Peptides from Snakehead Fish Using Batch and Continuous Enzymatic Hydrolysis Kardinan, Selma Aprilla; Yasni, Sedarnawati; Budijanto, Slamet; Kurniadi, Nadine; Sitanggang, S.TP, MSc, Azis Boing
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 19, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.864

Abstract

Bioactive peptides are promising functional ingredients. Due to its high protein content, snakehead fish (Channa striata) extract (SHFE) is one of the suitable parent proteins for bioactive peptides. This study aimed to investigate the production of SHFE-based antioxidative peptides in a conventional batch and continuous system facilitated by an enzymatic membrane reactor (EMR). The effects of different proteases (Alcalase, Neutrase), substrate concentrations, and enzyme-to-substrate ratios were investigated in the batch process. Continuous hydrolysis was then performed under the optimum conditions obtained from the batch process. The optimum conditions based on the antioxidant capacity measured by DPPH and FRAP assays were employing Alcalase with a substrate concentration [S] of 3% (w/v) and an enzyme-to-substrate ratio [E]/[S] of 10% (w/w). Continuous operation was shown to have been performed over a prolonged period, based on the calculated fouling rate. Furthermore, filtration of the resulting permeate with a smaller membrane pore size (2-kDa) increased the antioxidant capacity. This study is expected to increase the production of functional ingredients in snakehead fish.
Preface Vol 19 no 2 Agustus 2024 Bulletin, Squalen
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 19, No 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.1034

Abstract

Antioxidant and Anti-Arthritic Activities of Green Seaweed Halimeda tuna Methanolic Extract Gazali, Mohamad; Fatimah, Aden Nurin; Husni, Amir; Nurjanah, Nurjanah; Zuriat, Zuriat; Syafitri, Rina
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 19, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.841

Abstract

Seaweed contains various bioactive compounds rich in pharmacological potentials, such as antioxidants and anti-arthritic. This study aims to determine the antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of the methanolic extract of Halimeda tuna. Halimeda tuna samples were extracted using the maceration method and methanol. The methanol extract was tested for antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)) and anti-arthritic activity using denatured bovine serum albumin (BSA). The methanol extract was also subjected to phytochemical and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Research results revealed that the extract yield was 0.50 ± 0.06%. Phytochemical analysis showed that H. tuna methanolic extract contained flavonoids, steroids, and alkaloids. GC-MS analysis showed that H. tuna methanolic extract contained steroids, fatty alcohols, and fatty acids. The antioxidant activity tests revealed an IC50 value of 299.98 ± 121.15 ppm and a FRAP value of 200.02 ± 8.50 M/g, categorized as a weak antioxidant. Anti-arthritic activity of H. tuna methanolic extract showed an IC50 value of 877.29 ± 209.84 ppm. The anti-arthritic activity of H. tuna methanolic extract was lower than sodium diclofenac as a standard drug. The extract of H. tuna has antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities; hence, further exploration is needed as an alternative potential in the pharmacological field.
Cover Vol 19 no 2 Agustus 2024 Bulletin, Squalen
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 19, No 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.1035

Abstract

The Ameliorating Effect of Artificial Coffee from Mangrove Fruits (Rhizophora mucronata) on T Lymphocyte Cells and Renal Histopathology of BALB/c Mice Induced by Lipopolysaccharide Cahyono, Eko; Tanod, Wendy Alexander; Ijong, Frans Gruber; Ansar, Novalina Maya Sari; Mandeno, Jefri Anthonius; Karimela, Ely John; Rieuwpassa, Frets Jonas; Palawe, Jaka Frianto Putra; Sambeka, Yana; Setiawati, Natalia Prodiana
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 19, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.835

Abstract

The potential of Rhizophora mucronata mangrove fruits as antioxidants is noteworthy, with promising prospects as nutraceuticals, particularly in their role as immunomodulators for T lymphocyte cells. R. mucronata fruits have been utilized by household industries in Indonesia as a coffee-like drink (artificial coffee). This study aims to determine the ability of mangrove fruit artificial coffee R. mucronata to stimulate T lymphocyte cells and renal histopathology conditions in LPS-induced mice animal models. This study also characterizes proximate characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) screening of mangrove fruit artificial coffee compounds. The stages of this research included the process of mangrove fruit artificial coffee; analysis of proximate and caffeine; compounds screening (GC-MS) and toxicity prediction (Pro-Tox II); antioxidant capacity (DPPH); T lymphocyte cell expression (flow cytometry); and renal histopathological evaluation. The results showed moisture content (5.22±0.20%); ash (5.17±0.27%); protein (13.74±0.24%); fat (11.63±0.32%); carbohydrate (64.23±0.15%), caffeine (1.09±0.04%). GC-MS analysis showed that the compounds contained in artificial coffee were derivatives of fatty aldehyde, fatty acid, and cycloalkanes compound classes. Predicted toxicity of artificial coffee LD50 5000 mg/kg. Antioxidant capacity is classified as moderate (IC50 119.41±0.99µg/mL). Mangrove fruit artificial coffee can increase the relative number of CD4+CD62L+ by 14.68-29.48% and CD8+CD62L+ T lymphocyte cells by 12.60-30.33%. Artificial coffee can also increase the number of healthy cells and reduce the cells that undergo necrosis in the renal of LPS-induced mice. This study concluded that mangrove fruit artificial coffee R. mucronata positively affects T lymphocyte activation and mice renal cells’ protection from necrosis due to LPS induction. 
Effects of Sun and Oven Drying on The Physicochemical Composition of Indonesian Sandfish (Holothuria scabra) Fitri, Dian Arsita; Purwanti, Nanik; Nursid, Muhammad; Patantis, Gintung
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 19, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.886

Abstract

Sandfish (Holothuria scabra) is a type of sea cucumber with high economic value. Sandfish are potentially used as food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic ingredients. This research aimed to determine the effects of sun and oven drying on the physicochemical composition of sandfish collected from Pesawaran Waters, Lampung, Indonesia. The physicochemical composition includes the proximate composition, saponin content, collagen content, and metabolite profiles. The sea cucumbers were divided into two groups; the first group was boiled for 30 minutes, whereas the second group was unboiled. The sea cucumbers were oven-dried (temperature 60 °C for 24 h) and sun-dried (3 days from 08:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m.). Fresh sandfish (without drying) were used as control samples. The dried and fresh sandfish were analyzed for their proximate composition (moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates) and collagen content. The dried and fresh sandfish were extracted by maceration using ethanol. The extract was analyzed for its saponin content and metabolite profiles. The results showed no significant differences (p0.05) between oven-dried and sun-dried sandfish regarding their proximate composition and collagen content. However, the saponin content in boiled sandfish extract was significantly different (p0.05) from the saponin content in sandfish extract that was unboiled. The highest saponin content of all treatments was in the boiling and oven-drying treatment (N1P2), i.e., 7.418 mg quillaja/10mg extract. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) profile indicated that the functional groups in the sandfish extract did not change during the drying process. The findings indicate that oven and sun drying do not negatively affect the physicochemical composition of the sandfish, especially its bioactive compounds, i.e., saponin and collagen. 
Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Green Algae Halimeda opuntia Calcium Powder Extracted Using Hydrochloric Acid Wijayanti, Ph.D, Ima; Nirwasita, Rania S.; Anggo, Apri D.
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 19, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.857

Abstract

Halimeda opuntia is one of the macroalgae species whose utilization is still slightly known. In the open sea, H. opuntia holds an important role in changing carbon dioxide (CO2) to calcium carbonate (CaCO3). This led to previous research analyzing the calcium content of H. opuntia, which showed 30.30%. However, the information about calcium powder extraction using HCl from H. opuntia has not been reported. This research aimed to observe the physical and chemical characteristics of calcium obtained from H. opuntia extracted using different hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentrations. The method used in this research was experimental laboratories with a completely randomized design (CRD) using different HCl concentrations (1N, 2N, and 3N). The extraction results were analyzed for yield value, moisture, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate, calcium, color, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), particle size, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Data were then analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The use of different HCl concentrations showed significant effect (p0.05) on ash content (91.95±0.47%), carbohydrate content (7.26±0.57%), lightness (L*) (86.21±0.83), yellowness or blueness (b*) (8.81±0.02), E (11.33±0.54), and whiteness index (WI) (83.62±0.70%), where the calcium extracted by 1N HCl (CH1) showed the best result. The SEM microstructural analysis showed a non-porous surface and a single cubical shape in CH1. Diffractogram pattern of calcium extracted from H. opuntia using different concentrations of HCl done by XRD exhibited the same pattern as CaCO3 for all samples. HCl solvent at 1 N can produce calcium powder from H. opuntia with high calcium content and better color characteristics. 
Physicochemical Properties and Microstructure of Mixed-species Surimi Made from Decapterus sp. and Priacanthus sp. Sihono, Sihono; Purnomo, Agus Heri; Wibowo, Singgih; Subaryono, Subaryono; Suryaningrum, Theresia Dwi; Utomo, Bagus Sediadi Bandol; Dewi, Fera Roswita
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 19, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.861

Abstract

The surimi industry plays a substantial role in bolstering Indonesia’s fishing sector. The collapse of the majority of surimi companies can be attributed to the                   government limitation on trawling, which served as the primary source of demersal fish utilized in surimi processing. This restriction resulted in a significant shortage of raw material for industry. Therefore, it is imperative to explore alternate fish species that can serve as viable raw materials for the production of surimi.  Alternative fish species are needed as raw materials for surimi. The objective of this work was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and microstructure of surimi produced from two distinct Indonesian fish species: Decapterus sp., a pelagic species, and Priacanthus sp., a demersal species. Five ratios of Decapterus sp and Priacanthus sp; 1:0 (F1: control 1),  3:1 (F2), 1:1 (F3), 1:3 (F4), and 0:1 (F5: control 2) were tested. The proximate composition showed that the addition of Decapterus sp. to the formula increased the protein and fat content of mixed surimi. The formula F4 showed the highest value for almost all textural profile parameters; there were springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience. The same result also presented in the gel strength, F4 also has the highest value. The Water Holding Capacity value was low, and it showed no difference between all formulas. The whiteness value was in the range of 66-68, and it showed no difference between all formulas. Protein patterns showed no myosin heavy chain in all formulas. Microstructure analysis showed that only F5 (control 2) was compact and denser, but the other formulas (F1, F2, F3, and F4) showed a large number of loose and porous structures. In the microbial analysis, all formulas showed the Total Plate Count value ( 6 x 105 cfu/g) was under the maximum acceptable value (107 cfu/g). The findings of the study indicated that the mixed-surimi, consisting of Decapterus sp and Priacanthus sp at a ratio of 1:3, exhibited the highest level of gel strength. In conclusion, Decapterus sp has the potential to serve as a viable raw material when combined with Priacanthus sp.
The Effect of Aeration and Chlorella vulgaris Initial Cell Density on Mercury Removal Dienullah, R Mohammad Alghaf; Titah, Harmin Sulistiyaning; Pratikno, Herman; Purwanti, Ipung Fitri; Wardhani, Widhowati Kesoema
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 20, No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.921

Abstract

Research on Chlorella vulgaris is vital due to its rapid growth and versatile habitat adaptability. C. vulgaris is a fast-growing green microalga used for phycoremediation of heavy metals such as mercury which is usually found in gold mining wastewater. This research aims to determine the best mercury removal efficiency with variations in aeration rate, medium concentration, and C. vulgaris inoculum concentration. This research was conducted by cultivating C. vulgaris and examining its response to various parameters in an artificial mercury (II) chloride (HgCl2) solution. Moreover, other parameters such as cell density, pH, temperature, bicarbonate, and dissolved oxygen were monitored over a seven-day experimental period. The highest removal efficiency (61.34%) at a mercury concentration of 0.3 mg/L was found in the variant with a walne medium dose of 1 mL/L, inoculum concentration of 10%, and aeration rate of 3 L/min. This study confirmed the potential of C. vulgaris as an effective agent for heavy metal removal, particularly mercury, and contributed to bioremediation.
Antimicrobial ointment based on Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 isolated from Sea Cucumber of Kodek Bay Lombok Indonesia Rakhmawatie, Maya Dian; Diatri, Devita; Samiroh, Samiroh; Abdillah, Rifqi; Arfiyanti, Mega Pandu; Ethica, Stalis Norma; Zilda, Dewi Seswita
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 20, No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.925

Abstract

The ethyl acetate extract of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9, a bacteria isolated from intestinal fermentation of sea cucumbers (Holothuria scabra) is known to have antimicrobial properties. This research aimed to determine the activity of HSFI-9 extract ointment against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Extract ointment is a topical preparation for skin infections made from a mixture of Vaseline Alba and Adeps lanae bases. The extract ointment was prepared into four concentrations of 0.003%, 0.03%, 0.3%, and 1% w/v using HSFI-9 as active ingredient.  Antimicrobial assay was carried out in vitro using the disc diffusion method. The extract ointment was evaluated based on organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion characteristics, and pH tests. The optimal concentration of the extract ointment to inhibit the growth of S. aureus  0.3% (inhibition zone of 11.67±1.26 mm) and against C. albicans is 0.03% (inhibition zone of 10.16±1.50 mm). The activity of the extract ointment was categorized as strong although not as strong as the antibiotic control ointment Mupirocin 2% or Ketoconazole 2%. The extract ointment organoleptic indicated a characteristic odor of ethyl acetate, was yellowish-white ointment, and had a homogeneous and smooth consistency. The extract ointment also had properties such as good spreadability but poor adhesion and tended to have an acidic pH ( 4.5). The HSFI-9 extract can be declared feasible for the development of topical antimicrobials. The ointment still needs to be optimized, especially regarding improving the adhesion characteristic and pH to be safe for the skin and mucosa.

Page 33 of 37 | Total Record : 363

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