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Kota mataram,
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Antibacterial Activity of Sumbawa Forest Honey (Apis dorsata) against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BA1705 Untari, Lania Pradiva; Wardoyo, Eustachius Hagni; Dirja, Bayu Tirta
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10159

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic bacterium often associated with antibiotic resistance, necessitating the investigation of natural antibacterial alternatives. Honey is recognized for its bioactive ingredients that possess antibacterial properties. This research sought to assess the antibacterial efficacy of Sumbawa forest honey (Apis dorsata) against K. pneumoniae ATCC BA1705 by inhibition zone test. A laboratory experiment was performed using the well diffusion technique. K. pneumoniae suspensions (McFarland 0.5) were injected onto Mueller Hinton Agar. Wells (Ø 6 mm) were filled with 100 µL of honey at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Tetracycline (1 µg/µL) acted as the positive control, while distilled water functioned as the negative control. Plates were incubated at 35±2°C for a duration of 18 to 24 hours. Inhibition zones were quantified using a caliper, and each experiment was conducted in sextuplicate. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. No inhibitory zones were found at 25% and 50% concentrations (0 mm). Antibacterial activity was seen at 75% concentration, yielding a mean diameter of 10.33±SD mm, and raised to 100% concentration, resulting in a mean diameter of 11.33±SD mm. Tetracycline generated a 26 mm inhibitory zone, while distilled water exhibited none (0 mm). The conclusion is Sumbawa forest honey exhibits concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae, with moderate inhibition at concentrations ≥75%. Although less effective than tetracycline, these findings support the potential role of honey as a complementary antibacterial agent.
Exploration of Acid-Tolerant Bacteria for Cellulose Production from Fruit Waste Arifin, Auliyya Intan Mellaniy; Purwani, Kristanti Indah; Prasetyo, Endry Nugroho
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10381

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose is a natural biomaterial synthesized by certain bacterial species by producing protofibril threads that bind together to form strands of cellulose fibers or membranes. Bacterial cellulose has been widely used in various industrial fields, including biomedical such as wound dressings, the textile industry as a raw material for clothing, and the food industry for the manufacture of nata de coco. To support this industrial application, it is necessary to characterization of bacterial cellulose to increase the efficiency and quality of the production process. Therefore, this study aims to characterize bacterial cellulose produced by acid-fast bacteria isolated from fruit waste. This research involved the isolation, purification and characterization of cellulose producing bacteria. The result showed that acid-tolerant bacteria that were successfully isolated were 23. Purification and screening of bacteria that have the potential to produce cellulose obtained 6 isolates, namely SB 6, SB 13, SB 19, SB 20, SB 21, and SB 23. Macroscopic observation found that all bacteria have a circular colony, entire colony edge, shiny colony surface, convex elevation shape, while the colony color is different, SB 6 is yellowish cream, SB 13, 19, 23 cream, SB 20 orangeish cream, and SB 21 white. Macroscopic identification found that all isolates have Gram-negative types, and red cell color, for SB 6 cell shape is round and SB 13, 19, 20, 21, 23 bacilli (rods). The results of biochemical tests of cellulose-producing acid-resistant bacteria are all positive in the catalase test, Simmons Citrate test and carbohydrate fermentation test. The Indole test and Voges Proskauer test obtained negative test results on all isolates. The starch hydrolysis test was only positive on SB 21. The gelatin hydrolysis test was positive on isolates SB 6, 20, 21, 23, negative on isolates SB 13 and SB 19. The motility test for SB 6, 13, 19, 21 was positive, for SB 23 it was negative. The Methyl Red test was positive on isolates SB 6, 19, 20, 23, negative on isolates SB 13 and SB 21.
Characterization and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in Spontanoiusly Fermented Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) Fruits on Lombok Island Muspiah, Aida; Nurrijawati, Nurrijawati; Julisaniah, Nur Indah; Farista, Baiq
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10512

Abstract

The quality of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica, L) is not only influenced by the quality of the coffee beans, but also by the distinctive flavor that is the main attraction for coffee lovers. Various coffee post-harvest processing methods have been developed, including fermentation. The presence of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that important in the spontaneous fermentation, cause it can be influenced by the geographical location of arabica coffee plants. Currently, information on the presence of LAB in arabica coffee on Lombok Island has not been available. Therefore, it is important to identify the LAB involved in the spontaneous fermentation of Arabica coffee. This study aims to identify the species of LAB in arabica coffee on Lombok Island by the spontaneous fermentation method. Characterization and identification of bacteria were carried out using phenotypic identification and profile matching methods, which include several observation parameters, colony morphology and cell morphology, physiological tests (bacterial growth at certain pH and temperature), and biochemical tests such as catalase test and carbon source usage. In this study, nine pure isolates that belong to the LAB group were successfully isolated. Based on the identification results, LAB belonged to the genus Lactobacillus. The isolates identified consisted of one isolate of Lactobacillus plantarum (IBK1), one isolate of Lactobacillus sakei (IBK3), and seven other isolates identified as Lactobacillus sp (IBK2, IBK4, IBK5, IBK6, IBK7, IBK8, IBK9). These findings can be the first step in the development of starter cultures for controlled fermentation in Arabica coffee.  
Antibacterial Activity Test of Various Ethanol Solvent Concentrations Extract of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peel on Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhii Purba, Tabitha S. G.; Tobing, Joshua H. L.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10597

Abstract

The rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates the discovery of new antibacterial agents. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel often considered waste, contains bioactive compounds with potential antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts from sweet orange peel on Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhii. This laboratory experimental study uses sweet orange peel extracted by maceration using 30%, 40%, and 50% ethanol as solvent. The highest average inhibition zones were observed at the 50% concentration for all bacteria: E. coli (7,683 mm), S. typhii (8,400 mm), and S. dysenteriae (7,250 mm). Statistical analysis confirmed that the extract concentration has a very significant effect (p = 0,000) on the inhibition zone, with higher concentrations yielding larger zones. A significant interaction was also found between the type of bacteria and time (p = 0,000). Ethanol extract of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel has moderate antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhii. Its effectiveness is concentration-dependent, with the 50% ethanol extract shows the strongest inhibition. This suggests that orange peel waste is a promising source of natural antibacterial compounds.
The Effect of Nanocurcumin Particle Sizes on the Inhibitory Potential on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Tnunay, Fiona Rosslyn; Ricky, Donn Richard; Tobing, Joshua H. L.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10598

Abstract

Increasing antibiotic resistance against major pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are necessitates as alternative antimicrobials. Curcumin, known for its antibacterial properties, suffers from low bioavailability; thus, developing it into nanocurcumin using the stabilizer PVP is aims in enhancing its efficacy. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of nanocurcumin particle sizes (controlled by three PVP K30 concentrations: 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 g/mL) on its inhibitory potential on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The research is a true laboratory experimental design, synthesizing nanocurcumin via a Rotor Stator Homogenizer and assessing antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA), with inhibition zone diameters are analyze using One-Way ANOVA. All tested samples exhibit weak inhibitory potential. The ANOVA revealed no significant effect against Staphylococcus aureus (p = 0.377), but shows a significant effect against Escherichia coli (p = 0.042). These finding shows that particle size variations of nanocurcumin influence against Gram-negative bacteria, with the smallest average particle size (20.6 nm) obtained at 1.5 g/mL PVP K30. In conclusion, nanocurcumin size variations significantly affect the inhibition against Escherichia coli but not against Staphylococcus aureus, a differential effect attributed to the distinct cell wall structures of the two bacteria types. Future studies are recommended to explore optimization methods to improve nanocurcumin's efficacy, especially against Staphylococcus aureus.
Comparison of Fermentation Using MA 11 and EM4 on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Rice Straw Ardiyanto, Yogi; Sukaryani, Sri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10601

Abstract

This research was conducted to evaluate the impact of using MA-11 and EM4 fermentation agents on the physical and chemical properties of rice straw silage. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications: P0 (without fermentation), P1 (fermented with 3% MA-11), and P2 (fermented with 3% EM4). Observed variables included physical characteristics (color, aroma, and texture) and chemical composition (dry matter, ash, and pH). The results showed that fermentation using MA-11 and EM4 improved both the physical and chemical quality of rice straw silage. Physically, the fermented treatments produced a fresher aroma, brownish-yellow color, and softer texture compared to the control. Chemically, dry matter content increased from 81.65% (P0) to 84.74% (P1) and 85.60% (P2). Ash content increased significantly (P<0.01), with the highest value found in MA-11 treatment (13.35%), while pH decreased significantly from 6.00 (P0) to 4.00 (P1) and 3.75 (P2). It can be concluded that fermentation of rice straw using MA-11 and EM4 enhances the physical and chemical characteristics of silage. The MA-11 treatment provided the highest ash content, while EM4 produced a softer texture and fresher aroma. Both inoculants are recommended as effective biotechnological treatments for improving the nutritional quality of rice straw as livestock feed.
The Effect of Onggok Fermentation Duration Using Probio on Physical Quality and Dry Materials Kurniawan, Aldi; Sukaryani, Sri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10602

Abstract

Feed efficiency plays a crucial role in livestock production, as feed accounts for the largest portion of total production costs. One potential way to reduce feed expenses is by utilizing agricultural by-products such as onggok (cassava residue), which is abundantly available and affordable. However, onggok has limitations in its use as animal feed due to its low protein content, high crude fiber, and the presence of anti-nutritional compounds such as cyanogenic glycosides. Fermentation is an effective method to improve the nutritional quality and physical characteristics of onggok, making it more suitable as a feed ingredient. This study aims to determine the effect of the duration of Onggok fermentation using probio on dry matter content (DM), pH value, and physical quality. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment pattern was in accordance with the treatment, namely four treatments and each treatment was repeated three times. P0: Onggok fermentation using 0.4% probio for 0 days, P1: Onggok fermentation using 0.4% probio for 3 days, P2: Onggok fermentation using 0.4% probio for 6 days, P3: Onggok fermentation using 0.4% probio for 9 days. The variables observed were dry matter, pH value, aroma, color, and texture. The results showed that the average DM value was obtained by P0: 85.05%, P1: 82.14%, P2: 85.13%, and P3: 77.63%. The average pH value was P0: 5.3% P1: 4.6% P2: 5% P3: 3.6%. Descriptively, Onggok had a more sour aroma, the color changed to light brown, and the texture was softer than before fermentation. The study concluded that dry matter content, pH level, and changes in physical characteristics were all significantly influenced by the probio fermentation time of 0 to 9 days.
The Effectiveness of Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) Leaf Coconut Oil as a Treatment for Scabies and Acne among Students in Islamic Boarding Schools in East Java Province Qurrota'Ayun, Henny; Sulika, Erni; Utami, Sri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10605

Abstract

Skin diseases remain a significant public health issue in Indonesia, especially in Islamic boarding schools where students live communally in densely populated environments. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) leaf coconut oil as a natural therapy for scabies and acne among students in an Islamic boarding school in East Java Province. The research used a quantitative descriptive–experimental approach with a one-group pre-test and post-test design, involving 40 students clinically diagnosed with scabies and acne. All respondents received topical treatment using Gamal leaf coconut oil, prepared through a simple maceration process with Virgin Coconut Oil as the base. The intervention was carried out twice daily for five consecutive days, with clinical observations conducted before and after treatment. The results showed that 38 of 40 participants (90.48%) recovered completely, while 2 participants (9.52%) had mild remaining symptoms. The high recovery rate is attributed to the synergistic effect of bioactive compounds in Gliricidia sepium including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and coumarins which exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, and anti-inflammatory properties. The lipid content of coconut oil also contributes to skin regeneration and moisture restoration. This study concludes that Gamal leaf coconut oil is an effective, safe, and affordable herbal alternative for managing common skin infections in boarding schools. The findings also support the concept of community-based health independence through the utilization of locally available medicinal plants. Infections in boarding schools. Moreover, it supports the development of community-based health independence through the utilization of local bioresources.
The Relationship Between Instagram Social Media Use and Mental Health of Adolescent Females at Rajawali Health Vocational School Rike, Kethryn Keflin; Sitompul, Monalisa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10643

Abstract

Adolescents experience a number of social, emotional, and physical changes that can affect their mental health. Everyone, especially adolescents, can now easily access and use social media thanks to recent technological advances. One of the most widely used social networking sites among young people is Instagram. Concerns about the impact of social media use on their mental health have arisen as a result of this situation. This study aims to identify the level of Instagram social media use and the level of mental health of adolescent girls and analyze the relationship between Instagram social media use and their mental health. The method used was a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional associative design. The study sample used was 212 students. The results showed that the majority of female students at Rajawali Health Vocational School actively use Instagram social media, with usage levels ranging from moderate to high. This indicates that Instagram has become an important part of adolescent girls' social activities. Most female students have a high level of mental health, which reflects their ability to adapt to social environments and academic pressures. The level of Instagram social media use and mental health are positively and significantly correlated. Using Instagram wisely and moderately can improve psychological health by enhancing social skills and self-confidence. The conclusion is that the majority of students at Rajawali Health Vocational School have good mental health, and there is a positive and significant correlation between the use of Instagram social media and the mental health of adolescent girls.
A Mixture of Herbal Gel Formulation and Evaluation of Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia tirucalli for Wound Healing Oktavia, Maria Maulina; Suwitono, Marvel Reuben
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10649

Abstract

Wounds are tissue disorders that require appropriate treatment to accelerate healing. Natural ingredients such as Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia tirucalli leaves have the potential as alternative wound healing agents. This study aims to formulate and evaluate a gel preparation combining extracts of both plants for wound care. Extraction was carried out using 96% ethanol by maceration, followed by formulation with HPMC as a gelling agent at various extract concentrations. The gel was evaluated based on organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and adhesiveness. The results showed that the gel exhibited good physical stability, a uniform texture, a comfortable pH on the skin (4.5–6.5), and a viscosity suitable for topical application. Phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, and tannins contribute to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, thereby accelerating wound healing. Therefore, the combined extract of Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia tirucalli has promising potential as a herbal gel formulation for wound healing. In conclusion, the combination of Jatropha curcas leaf extract and bone-breaking leaf extract has the potential to be developed as a natural active ingredient in a safe and environmentally friendly wound healing gel formulation.

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