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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Toxicity Test of Methanol Extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaves on Instar III Larvae (Bactrocera spp) Almaheran, Sundus Sepia; Artayasa, I Putu; Bahri, Syamsul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10626

Abstract

Azadirachtin, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids are some of the secondary metabolites found in neem leaves. These compounds have natural insecticidal activity and function as antifeedants or repellents to effectively inhibit the growth and development of insect pests. This study investigates the effects of neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica) as a natural pesticide on the mortality of fruit fly larvae (Bactrocera spp.) found in starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.). We conducted experiments using various concentrations of neem leaf extract: 0%, 4%, 9%, 14%, 17%, and 19%. The fruit fly larvae were treated with the extract for 6 hours, and the mortality rates were subsequently observed. The results demonstrated a positive correlation between increasing concentrations of neem extract and higher larval mortality rates. The highest concentration of 19% resulted in a mortality rate of 95%. One-Way ANOVA statistical analysis showed a significant effect of the extract on larval mortality (p < 0.05). The Tukey HSD test revealed significant differences in mortality rates between concentrations of 9% and above when compared to the control and lower concentrations. The LC50 value was calculated at 15.263%, indicating that neem leaf extract is effective as a larvicide. Neem leaf extract contains secondary metabolites such as azadirachtin, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids, which likely induce larval death through morphological damage to the digestive organs and head. This study concludes that neem leaf extract is a promising botanical pesticide for controlling fruit fly pests in starfruit.
Comparison of Candida albicans Colonies in Saliva of Elderly with and Without Diabetes Tanaya, Angabaya Dera Sumba; Qurrohman, Muhammad Taufiq
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10383

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that not only affects systemic organs but also influences oral health by increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections such as oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans. This condition is more pronounced among the elderly, whose immune functions naturally decline with age. This study aimed to compare the number of Candida albicans colonies in the saliva of elderly individuals with and without diabetes mellitus. An observational analytic study with a comparative cross-sectional design was conducted involving 32 elderly participants, consisting of 16 individuals with diabetes and 16 without. Saliva samples were collected using the passive drooling technique and cultured on CHROMagar-Candida medium for 48 hours at 37°C. The colony counts were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk, Levene, and Mann-Whitney U tests. The results showed that the elderly with diabetes mellitus had a significantly higher number of Candida albicans colonies compared to those without diabetes (p < 0.05). Diabetes mellitus increases the colonization of Candida albicans in the oral cavity of the elderly, likely due to hyperglycemia and age-related immune decline. Maintaining stable blood glucose levels and practicing good oral hygiene are essential preventive measures to reduce the risk of opportunistic fungal infections in this population.
The Effectiveness of Prolactin Hormone Administration on Ovulation in Postpartum Female Mice (Mus musculus) Merta, I Wayan; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10395

Abstract

The prolactin hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland plays an important role in the reproductive system, such as stimulating breast milk production and regulating the menstrual cycle in women, as well as stimulating sperm production and sex drive in men. This study aims to 1) examine the effectiveness of prolactin hormone administration on ovulation in postpartum female mice (Mus musculus). 2) contribute to the study material of animal physiology courses, particularly on endocrine topics. This research employed a true experimental design using a completely randomized design (CRD). The research samples were female Mus musculus mice of the BALB/C strain, approximately 4 months old, weighing between 25–30 grams, healthy, and non-pregnant. The data obtained were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (F-test) with a significance level of 0.05, followed by a Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results showed that the significance value (p) = 0.001 < α = 0.05, indicating that the administration of prolactin hormone had a significant effect in reducing ovulation in postpartum female Mus musculus mice.
Application of pH and TDS Sensors in NFT Hydroponic Systems to Increase the Growth Quantity of Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) Pertiwi, Lastri; Fevria, Resti; Vauzia, Vauzia; Anhar, Azwir
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10418

Abstract

Pakcoy is a type of vegetable widely used as a staple food or as a complementary dish; however, its production in Indonesia tends to be unstable. This study aimed to improve the growth of pakcoy using an NFT hydroponic system equipped with IoT-based pH and TDS sensors. The research was conducted at Alfi Hydroponik Padang and the Biology Department Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, from June to September 2025, using a completely randomized design with 2 treatments, each consisting of 9 replications. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test in SPSS at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the use of sensors was significantly more effective than manual methods, with average plant height of 25.889 cm, 19.44 leaves, leaf area of 503.117 cm², fresh weight of 89.224 g, and dry weight of 48.474 g. These results indicate that the application of IoT-based pH and TDS sensors can enhance the growth of pakcoy in a hydroponic system.
Formulation and Evaluation of the Physical Properties of Anti-Acne Cream Containing Methanol Extract of Ashitaba Herb (Angelica keiskei) Hidayati, Agriana Rosmalina; Hidajat, Dedianto; Hajrin, Wahida; Hanifa, Nisa Isneni; Andanalusia, Mahacita; Hidayati, Regina Tria; Rizki, Alpa Alfi; Prianggawe, Prianggawe; Ramadhan, Muhammad Rafi Bintang; Rizkika, Adila
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10501

Abstract

Ashitaba herb contains flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which are known to have antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, ashitaba has the potential to be developed into anti-acne preparations, one of which is cream. Creams have various advantages, namely the ability to deliver hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds better, provide better moisture, and have emollient and occlusive properties by forming a protective layer on the skin and maintaining skin hydration longer. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties of methanol extract cream preparations of ashitaba herb. The research method used was laboratory experimental. Ashitaba herb was extracted using the sonication method with 80% methanol solvent to produce a solid extract. The ashitaba herb's methanol extract was combined to create a cream preparation, and its physical characteristics such as homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and cream type were assessed. The physical property testing revealed that the cream preparation had a unique scent, a thick consistency, and a green hue. This resulted in a homogenous oil-in-water (O/W) type cream preparation with a pH of 6.29, viscosity of 37.050 cp, spreadability of 5.23 cm, and adhesion of 4.59 seconds. Thus, it can be said that the production of the methanol extract of ashitaba herb cream satisfies the requirements and has good physical qualities.
Cerebral Palsy: Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management Damayanti, Ida Ayu Andara; Prawira, I Nyoman Dio Yudha; Andini, Syabila; Hanifah, Hanum Retno; Wiguna, I Made Danuarta; Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini; Sabrina, Khansa Aulia; Khotimah, Andi Husnul; Wardana, Shira Putri; Rizqullah, Rifqi; Haikal, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10564

Abstract

Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive neuromotor disorder and the leading cause of motor disability in children worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to examine the risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of cerebral palsy based on recent scientific literature. This article includes a systematic literature review using the PRISMA method and selected 15 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the systematic literature review were obtained risk factors for cerebral palsy include intrauterine infection, preeclampsia, premature birth, asphyxia, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and hyperbilirubinemia. These risk factors can disrupt neurogenesis and brain maturation, leading to structural and functional damage to the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations of cerebral palsy include impaired muscle tone, abnormal reflexes, and postural deformities, classified as spastic, dyskinetic, and ataxic, and assessed using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The diagnosis of cerebral palsy is established through evaluation of the clinical history, neurological/motor examination, neuroimaging, and genetic testing. Cerebral palsy management aims to improve functionality, ability, and health in movement, cognition, social interaction, and independence. Non-pharmacological management focuses on physiotherapy and occupational therapy to improve motor skills, reduce spasticity, and support independence. The mainstay of pharmacotherapy in cerebral palsy management uses systemic medications that are symptom-based and directed at specific movement disorders.
Farmers' Resilience to The Impact of Climate Change in Teniga Village, Tanjung District, North Lombok Anandytia, Hapidi; Sulistiyono , Heri; Markum
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10573

Abstract

Climate change has disrupted agricultural systems, especially in rural areas that depend on weather stability for food production. This study aims to analyze farmers’ resilience to climate change impacts in Teniga Village, Tanjung District, North Lombok Regency. A descriptive method combining qualitative and quantitative approaches was applied to 86 respondents selected purposively. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using descriptive statistics with Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The findings show that the overall resilience level of farmers is moderate, with an average score of 78,78, while the economic (18,08), social (20,72), and institutional (19,12) and disaster aspect (20,98) dimensions are categorized as low. Only the disaster resilience aspect showed moderate adaptation. These results indicate that although farmers have begun implementing adaptive actions such as crop diversification and water-saving practices, their capacity remains limited due to weak institutional support, restricted access to capital, and low community participation. Therefore, strengthening economic empowerment, institutional coordination, and community-based disaster management is essential to improve adaptive capacity and ensure the sustainability of local livelihoods amid changing climatic conditions.
The Effect of Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), Watercress (Nasturtium officinale), and Genjer (Lemna minor) on Domestic Wastewater Quality Lastri, Lastri; Tobing, Joshua H. L.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10592

Abstract

Several types of aquatic plants are known to have the ability to improve water quality. The application of phytoremediation to domestic waste can significantly reduce Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia, nitrate, and phosphate levels, as well as increase dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in the water, thus improving water quality and making it suitable for aquatic organisms. This study investigated the efficacy of three aquatic plants Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), Watercress (Nasturtium officinale), and Genjer (Lemna minor) in enhancing the quality of domestic wastewater. The experiment was conducted in a controlled environment at the Greenhouse facility of Universitas Advent Indonesia, utilizing seven containers stocked with domestic wastewater and catfish specimens. Treatments consisted of systems with and without the incorporation of these aquatic plants. Results demonstrated that all three plants significantly ameliorated water quality parameters, including reductions in Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS), alongside elevations in pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels. Notably, Ipomoea aquatica exhibited superior performance, yielding the highest catfish survival rates. These outcomes underscore the potential of integrating aquatic plants into aquaponic systems as aviable, environmentally sustainable approach to domestic wastewater remediation.
Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Sago Population in Meranti Islands Based on Morphological Characteristics and Start Codon Targeted Polymorphism (SCoT) and matK Marker Paramita, Pradnya; Deviona, Deviona; Herman, Herman
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10624

Abstract

Sago is an iconic agricultural commodity from the Meranti Islands region. Sago plantations cover 40,386 hectares. Diverse production yields and morphological differences in sago populations indicate high genetic diversity. This study aims to identify sago plants in the Meranti Islands and classify them based on similarities in morphological traits and DNA analysis. DNA analysis was carried out using SCoT and MatK markers. The research stages included sample collection, total DNA isolation, total DNA electrophoresis, total DNA amplification with SCoT and MatK primers, and data analysis. The results showed that based on morphological traits, sago populations in the Meranti Islands consist of three groups: BB, TB, and BJ. The dendrogram generated from the analysis of binary data SCoT using the UPGMA method and MatK analysis using BLAST in Genebank showed that these three groups are distinct and have different similarity coefficients. The BB group has a higher similarity coefficient with the BJ group compared to the TB group. There is no high genetic variation within these groups due to vegetative propagation of sago.
The Effectiveness of Implementing Agroforestry Systems in Improving Soil Quality Bidadari, Sabti Gina; Fauzi, M. Taufik; Sudharmawan, A. A.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.9374

Abstract

Intensive annual farming practices can damage soil structure, reduce soil organic matter content, and cause soil erosion. This condition results in decreased soil fertility, which in turn affects agricultural productivity. Collective efforts are needed to adopt environmentally friendly agricultural practices to improve soil quality. The purpose of this article is to determine the effectiveness of implementing agroforestry systems in improving soil quality. The method used in this writing is a literature study conducted by collecting data from various sources such as scientific journals, books, seminar proceedings, and so on. This literature review found that increasing tree diversity in complex agroforestry systems significantly increased soil organic carbon in the soil layer. Compared to bare land, agroforestry systems showed significant increases in soil organic carbon and accessible nutrients. Improving soil health and ecosystem function requires microbial diversity, biological activity, and the production and preservation of soil organic carbon, all of which are facilitated by agroforestry systems. Agroforestry systems, which combine food crops with tree crops, offer ecological services such as increasing fertility, reducing erosion, and improving the physical, chemical, and biological quality of the soil. The conclusion is that agroforestry systems are effective in improving soil quality.

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