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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Understanding Lung Abscess: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management Hadinata, Lalu Gde Gilang Alid; Angelita, Puja Rizkina; Lativa, Nindy Citra; Ningsih, Nur Aulia Ahya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10457

Abstract

Lung abscess is a pulmonary condition characterized by a localized collection of pus within lung tissue, usually caused by bacterial infection. It often occurs as a complication of pneumonia, aspiration, or in individuals with weakened immune systems. This literature review aims to discuss the definition, etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of lung abscess to provide a better understanding of this disease and its optimal treatment approach. The review was conducted based on recent literature and clinical guidelines related to lung abscess, including national and international sources such as the Indonesian Society of Pulmonologists (PDPI), WHO reports, and recent journal publications. Lung abscess is primarily caused by anaerobic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. The main clinical features include fever, productive cough with foul-smelling sputum, chest pain, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis is established through clinical examination, sputum analysis, and radiological imaging such as chest X-ray or CT scan. The main treatment involves antibiotic therapy, followed by drainage or surgical procedures if no improvement occurs. Prognosis depends on early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic use, with mortality rates ranging from 10–20%. Early recognition and proper management of lung abscess are essential to prevent complications such as empyema or bronchopleural fistula. Rational antibiotic use and supportive care remain the cornerstone of therapy, while surgical intervention is reserved for refractory cases.
Percentage of Coral Reef Lifeforms Using Sentinel-2A at the Gili Air Dive Site A'zom, As'ad Humam; Hilayana, Sitti; Wahyudi, Rhojim
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10466

Abstract

Indonesia possesses approximately 51,000 km² of coral reef ecosystems, yet their condition continues to decline due to both human activities and natural factors. One affected area is the Gili Matra Marine Tourism Park (TWP), particularly the Gili Air dive sites, where significant coral reef degradation has been observed. This study aims to determine the percentage of coral lifeforms and assess the accuracy of Sentinel-2A satellite imagery in mapping coral reefs in the area. Field data were collected using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method and analyzed with CPCe software. Sentinel-2A imagery was processed through sunglint correction water column correction and unsupervised classification using ENVI 5.3 and ArcGIS 10.8. The results show coral reef conditions in Gili Air range from moderate to poor, with the highest live coral cover at Air Slove and the lowest at Hans Reef. A total of eleven coral lifeform types were identified. Image classification produced four benthic habitat classes with an overall accuracy of 60.5% and a Kappa index of 18.3%, meeting the minimum standard set by the Indonesian National Standard The study demonstrates that integrating UPT data and Sentinel-2A imagery is effective for mapping coral reefs, although higher-resolution imagery is recommended for better substrate differentiation.
Immunotherapeutic Targets in Liver Diseases: A Literature Review Evelina, Felya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10480

Abstract

Liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are major global health problems associated with high morbidity and mortality. Both conditions share overlapping immunopathogenic mechanisms characterized by hepatocyte injury, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation driven by innate and adaptive immune activation. This review aims to summarize recent advances in identifying immunotherapeutic targets for ALD and NAFLD. Key immune pathways involved include activation of Kupffer cells, neutrophil infiltration, and cytokine release (such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), which promote hepatocellular damage and fibrosis. Emerging therapeutic strategies focus on inhibiting inflammasomes, modulating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, targeting chemokine receptors (CCR2/CCR5), enhancing IL-22-mediated regeneration, and restoring gut-liver axis balance through probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation. Furthermore, agents acting on metabolic immune cross talk, such as PPAR and FXR agonists, have shown promising outcomes in preclinical and clinical studies. Overall, immunotherapeutic approaches offer a promising avenue for mitigating liver inflammation and fibrosis. Continued exploration of these targets may lead to effective, individualized therapies for chronic liver disease.
Genera Diversity and Hard Coral (Scleractinia) Cover in Nipah Bay, Pemenang, North Lombok, Indonesia Aktia, M. Gilang; Amir, Sadikin; Jefri, Edwin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10483

Abstract

Hard corals (Scleractinia) serve as essential reef constructors and offer habitats for numerus marine species. This study aimed to asses the diversity of hard coral (Scleractinia), genera dan percentage of live coral cover in Nipah Bay as fundamental data for sustainable reef management. The research was conducted in July 2025 at three observation stations with two depth levels (3 and 7 meters). Data collection utilized the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method, while coral identification employed Coral Finder 2.0 and CPCe (Coral Point Count with Excel extension) software. Result indicated that live hard coral cover ranged between 10.47 % and 46,73%, which according to the ministry of environment Decree No. 4 2001, falls within the demaged to moderate category. A total of 28 genera and 1,859 hard coral colonies were documented, with Porites, Favites, Montipora, and Pocillopora identified as the dominant genera. The diversity index (H’) ranged form 1.67-2.01, mean 1,86; moderate, the evenness index (E) rangged from 0,60-0,78, mean 0,70; high, and the dominance index (D) ranged from 0,17-0,29, mean 0,22; low. These outcomes suggest that the hard coral community in Nipah Bay remains relatively stale and balanced, though shallow regions exhibit degradations likely due antrophogenic pressures and environmental stress. Sustained monitoring and cominity based conservation are recommended to support coral reef resilience and ecosystem health.
Screening of Pulmonary Function and Hs-CRP as Biological Responses to Dust Exposure and Industrial Work Environment among Crusher Workers Maulana, Alfi; Tualeka, Abdul Rahim; Aini, Aini
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10493

Abstract

The packaging industry plays an essential role in the economy, involving various activities such as material crushing. Without proper control measures, workers in this sector are at risk of developing health problems, particularly those affecting lung function. Employees in the crusher area are continuously exposed to dust and airborne pollutants generated during the crushing process, which may lead to long-term respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aims to assess the lung function status of workers in the crusher area of a packaging industry and to analyze factors influencing respiratory health through basic pulmonary examinations and infection detection using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) tests. Lung function was evaluated using spirometry, and hs-CRP levels were measured from blood serum samples. The study involved 30 workers who worked approximately 40 hours per week. The results showed that 22 workers (73.3%) had normal lung function, while 8 workers (26.7%) experienced mild restriction. Meanwhile, hs-CRP examination revealed that 17 workers (56.7%) had elevated hs-CRP levels, and 13 workers (43.3%) were within the normal range.
Comparison of Anti-Bacterial Activity of Methanol Extract and Non-Polar Fraction of Macroalgae Sargassum sp. Wibowo, Adi Tri; Widyastuti, Sri; Prasedya, Eka Sunarwidhi; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul; Pangestu, Kukuh Waseso Jati; Sunarwidhi, Anggit Listyacahyani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10522

Abstract

Sargassum sp. is an abundant source of bioactive non-polar compounds, however their anti-bacterial potential remains understudied. This study aimed to compare the anti-bacterial activity between the methanol extract and non-polar fraction of Sargassum sp. Extraction was performed using sonication with methanol, followed by partition with petroleum ether and fractionation on silica gel G60 using n-hexane:ethyl acetate (9:1). FTIR analysis characterized the functional groups, while anti-bacterial evaluation was performed using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus. Data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA. FTIR spectrum of the methanol extract showed absorption bands corresponding to non-polar compounds. In the non-polar fraction, the bands were more dominant, suggesting a higher content of non-polar compounds. Anti-bacterial evaluation of Sargassum sp., methanol extract and non-polar fraction exhibited inhibitory effects against S. aureus. The non-polar fraction produced a larger inhibition zone compared to the methanol extract, indicating stronger anti-bacterial activity and significant difference between the two samples (p<0.05). The results of this study showed that the non-polar fraction of Sargassum sp. methanol extract has higher anti-bacterial activity compared to the extract. Further studies are recommended to elucidate the individual bioactive compounds and identify their anti-bacterial mechanisms.
Pseudocyesis: From Psycho-Social Conflict to Somatic Reality, A Literature Review Athalia, Ihza Namira; Yuar, Alana Akmal
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10539

Abstract

Pseudocyesis or pseudopregnancy is a psychosomatic condition that can occur in certain extreme situations when mental anguish, neuroendocrine malfunction, and social stress intersect. Pseudocyesis is often associated with affective disorders such as major depressive disorder, which can modulate the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. This literature review aims to comprehensively discuss the basic concept of pseudocyesis, its etiology and pathophysiology, its relationship to depression and socio-cultural factors, and highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management in understanding this phenomenon as a complex biopsychosocial disorder. This article was written using the Literature Review method and compiled with the PRISMA approach. Pseudocyesis is still reported to be quite common in developing countries, particularly in rural communities in Africa and Asia. Pseudocyesis occurs due to several factors, including psychological and hormonal, as well as social and cultural factors. The pathophysiology of pseudocyesis lies in dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian (HPO) axis, which is the primary control system for the female reproductive cycle. Women with pseudocyesis exhibit an endocrine profile that shares many similarities with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Major Depressive Disorder. The most commonly reported symptoms include menstrual disorders such as amenorrhea (cessation of menstruation) or oligomenorrhea (irregular menstrual cycles), morning sickness, vomiting, and weight gain. Pseudocyesis can be managed through a combination of supportive psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and psychoanalytic therapy. Furthermore, family involvement, especially the partner, in the therapy process plays a vital role.
The Relationship Between Nutritional Knowledge and Eating Patterns Among Fifth Grade Students in Public Elementary Schools in Kediri District Arfinal, Arfinal; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati; Rasmi, Dewa Ayu Citra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10551

Abstract

Nutritional knowledge is a crucial factor in determining health and the balance between physical and mental development. Nutritional knowledge plays a crucial role in shaping a person's eating habits because it influences the types and amounts of food they choose. This study aimed to examine the relationship between nutritional knowledge and eating patterns among fifth-grade students in public elementary schools in Kediri District, West Lombok Regency, Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 221 students selected through simple random sampling from eight schools. Nutritional knowledge was measured using a multiple-choice test, while eating patterns were assessed through a structured questionnaire. Data analysis involved Chi-Square and Pearson correlation tests. The results showed a significant relationship between nutritional knowledge and eating patterns (p = 0.001), with a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.530). Most students demonstrated moderate nutritional knowledge (46.6%) and good eating patterns (66.5%). These findings suggest that higher nutritional knowledge is associated with healthier eating patterns. However, knowledge alone is not sufficient to ensure optimal eating behavior, as other factors such as family environment, food availability, and habits also play important roles. Strengthening nutrition education in schools and engaging parents in promoting healthy eating are recommended to improve students' dietary habits.
Evaluation of Compatibility and Effectiveness of Fungal Lipase Crude Extract from Avocado as an Eco-Friendly Biodetergent Sedijani, Prapti; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati; Sukarso, AA; Muhidayani, Respi Eka
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10578

Abstract

Chemical detergents may have negative impacts on both the environment and human health. The addition of enzymes to detergents can help reduce these effects. Therefore, discovering new enzyme sources that are compatible with commercial detergents and can enhance their cleaning performance may provide an ideal solution to this issue. This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility and effectiveness of a crude fungal lipase extract isolated from avocado flesh (AIF) when combined with commercial detergents, as well as to assess its potential in reducing the required amount of chemical detergent. Compatibility tests were conducted by comparing the washing performance of three commercial detergent brands, while effectiveness was evaluated based on washing performance under various detergent concentrations. The results showed that the crude fungal lipase extract was compatible with all tested detergents and had the potential to reduce chemical detergent usage by up to 50%.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Etiology, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis Patandianan, Firdaus Kamma; Hasanah, Mielosita; Mikaila, Romy Healthy; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Nitzana, Lale Nubya; Hairy, Fathinah Salsabila
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10589

Abstract

The Philadelphia chromosome is a hallmark of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), a hematopoietic stem cell disease caused by the reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) that creates the oncogenic fusion gene BCR-ABL1, which persistently activates tyrosine kinase and encourages unchecked myeloid cell proliferation. This literature review aims to describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CML based on recent studies. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and official institutional websites using the keywords “Chronic Myeloid Leukemia,” “Philadelphia chromosome,” and “BCR-ABL1.” CML accounts for approximately 15–20% of all leukemia cases and progresses through three phases: chronic, accelerated, and blast crisis. The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene constitutively activates multiple oncogenic pathways, including JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and RAS/RAF, leading to enhanced proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Diagnosis is established through hematologic examination and molecular testing using PCR or FISH for BCR-ABL1 detection. The mainstay treatments include tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib, with stem cell transplantation reserved for advanced cases. With early diagnosis and appropriate therapy, overall survival exceeds 80% at eight years. In conclusion, CML is a chronic hematologic malignancy driven by BCR-ABL1, and advances in molecular-targeted therapy have transformed it into a manageable chronic disease with significantly improved patient outcomes.

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