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Reaktor

reaktor
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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08520798 EISSN : 24075973 DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.xx.x.xx-xx

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Reaktor invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. Reaktor publishes scientific study/ research papers, industrial problem solving related to Chemical Engineering field as well as review papers. The journal presents paper dealing with the topic related to Chemical Engineering including: Transport Phenomena and Chemical Engineering Operating Unit Chemical Reaction Technique, Chemical Kinetics, and Catalysis Designing, Modeling, and Process Optimization Energy and Conversion Technology Thermodynamics Process System Engineering and products Particulate and emulsion technologies Membrane Technology Material Development Food Technology and Bioprocess Waste Treatment Technology

Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)

Articles 530 Documents

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aplikasi teknologi bersih untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas pada industri logam-kuningan purwanto purwanto; Ori T Hartonegoro; Syamsul Huda; Ratri Nugraheni
Reaktor Volume 3 No.1 Desember 1999
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Proses produksi industri logam kuningan meliputi pengecoran, pemesinan, penyiapan bahan untuk proses akhir dan proses akhir (finishing). Proses finishing dapat berupa coating , pengecatan maupun elektroplanting. Pada setiap langkah proses dapat terjadi kehilangan bahan yang cukup berarti maupun kegagalan proses yang menyebabkan terjadinya produk tolakan yang cukup besar. Aplikasi teknologi bersih pada industry logam-kuringan ini meliputi perbaikan proses, penggantian bahan dan perbaikan teknologi. Secara umum hasil penerapan memberikan produk tolakan yang cukup berarti sehingga dapat menekan biaya produksi.

CHARACTERISATION OF SOLID AND LIQUID PINEAPPLE WASTE Abdullah Abdullah; Hanafi Mat
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 1, Juni 2008
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The pineapple waste is contain high concentration of biodegradable organic material and suspended solid. As a result it has a high BOD and extremes of pH conditions. The pineapple wastes juice contains mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose and other nutrients. The characterisation this waste is needed to reduce it by recycling to get raw material or for conversion into useful product of higher value added products such as organic acid, methane , ethanol, SCP and enzyme. Analysis of sugar indicates that liquid waste contains mainly sucrose, glucose and fructose. The dominant sugar was fructose, glucose and sucrose. The fructose and glucose levels were similar to each other, with fructose usually slightly higher than glucose. The total sugar and citric acid content were 73.76 and 2.18 g/l. The sugar content in solid waste is glucose and fructose was 8.24 and 12.17 %, no sucrose on this waste

THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSESTERIFICATION PROCESS OF COTTON SEED OIL BY USING MICROWAVE Andi Suryanto; Zakir Sabara, HW; Andi Artiningsih; Hardi Ismail
Reaktor Volume 18 No. 1 March 2018
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Biodiesel is a renewable, non-toxic, environmentally friendly fuel made from vegetable oils through a transesterification reaction with methanol. During this time the manufacture of biodiesel takes a long time, which can be overcome with microwave heating. The use of microwave can decrease the reaction time and the amount of catalyst. The purpose of this study was to study the utilization of microwave as a heater in the transesterification reaction of cotton seed oil with the addition of NaOH catalyst 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% (w/w) with 100 watts microwave power and a reaction time of 15 minutes. Conversion of biodiesel from cotton seed oil with the NaOH catalyst concentrations 0.5% (w/w), 5 minutes, molar ratio of 1: 12 with a microwave power of 400 watts was 99.11%. The results of the analysis of several parameters on biodiesel products show that they have met the specifications based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI-04-7182-2006). Keyword: biodiesel, transesterification, cotton seed oil, microwave.

SIFAT POLIMER DAN KEMAMPUAN TERBIODEGRADASI BLEND BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER POLI (L-ASAM LAKTAT) (PLLA) Johnner P Sitompul; Rizki Insyani; Hyung Woo Lee
Reaktor Volume 15, No.2, OKTOBER 2014
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was used to modify mechanical and biodegradability properties of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) through solution blending method using solvent mixture of dichloromethane-ethanol. Polymer samples were then characterized using FTIR, DSC, UTM, and enzymatic degradation test. FTIR spectrum of pure PLLA showed specific IR absorption peaks at wavenumber of 3504 cm-1 (-OH), 1757 cm-1 (-C=O), and 1381 cm-1 (-CH3 symmetric). Further, polymer blend samples showed absorption peak shifts at 1755 cm-1 and 1382 cm-1 for PLLA/PDLLA due to stereocomplex interaction and at 3429 cm-1 due to hydrogen bond interaction. DSC results showed that there was melting temperature depression for all polymer blend samples compared to pure PLLA with increasing of either PDLLA or PEG composition. In PLLA/PDLLA, two melting points were discovered because of homocrystallite and stereocomplex phase formation. While PLLA/PEG samples showed increasing crystallinity to 69% at 20%-wt PEG composition. Mechanical analysis showed that 10%-wt of PDLLA addition in PLLA produced better mechanical performance than pure PLLA while 20%-wt of PEG addition showed highest elongation at break with the value of 89%. Polymer blend samples were degradable during enzymatic degradation test represented by percent weight loss with maximum value of 21% for PLLA/PEG sample. Keywords: polymer properties, solution-blending, Poly(lactic acid), polymer blend, enzymatic degradation

Malaysian Crude Oil Emulsions : Stability Study B. Pramudono; H. B. Mat
Reaktor Volume 6 No. 1 Juni 2002
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The stability of water-in-oil emulsion of some Malaysian crude oils was studied with particular emphasis on effect of interfacial active components existed in the crude oil, i.e. asphaltene, resin and wax. The emulsion stability was studied by measuring the volume of water or oil phase separated in variation with time, water hold up, and the heights of the sedimenting/coalescing interfaces during the separation at various temperatures. The study investigated the influence of asphaltene, resin and wax on emultion stability if it`s present in the crude oil alone, together or combination one of the others. The result show that the interfacial active component that stabilize emulsion is asphaltene. The resin and wax do not form stale emulsion either aloneor together. There is a correlation between emulsion stability and physicochemical properties of crude oil which showed that higher asphaltene content in the crude oil would form more stable emultion. Increased temperature was found to cause instability of emultion. Keywords : emultion stability, crude oil, asphaltene, resin and wax

PENGARUH TEMPERATUR TERHADAP KINERJA KATALIS Ni/ZEOLIT PADA REAKSI HIDROGENASI KATALITIK Donatus Setyawan Purwo Handoko; Triyono Triyono; Narsito Narsito; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 4, Desember 2009
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Kinetika hidrogenasi katalitik 1-oktadekena telah dipelajari pada pengaruh temperatur reaksi. Katalis Ni/Zeolit dipreparasi melalui tahapan perlakuan asam (HF, HCl, NH4Cl), kalsinasi dengan N2, oksidasi dengan O2 dan reduksi dengan H2 serta impregnasi logam Ni (Ni(NO3)2.6H2O) melalui teknik impregnasi basah dan pertukaran ion. Uji aktivitas katalis dilakukan pada reaksi hidrogenasi katalitik 1-oktadekena pada variasi temperatur yaitu 400°C, 450°C dan 550°C dengan laju alir gas H2 yang tetap, 15 mL/menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reaksi hidrogenasi katalitik senyawa 1-oktadekena pada temperatur 400°C memilki konstanta laju reaksi (k) dan energi aktivasi berturut-turut 0,0900 menit-1 dan -46,14 kJ/mol. Laju reaksi hidrogenasi katalitik senyawa 1-oktadekena dengan katalis Ni/zeolit semakin menurun dengan meningkatnya temperatur reaksi pada rentang temperatur 400 hingga 550oC.

Investigating Mass Transfer Phenomena in Batch Solvent Extraction of Rice Bran Oil Lienda Aliwarga
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 1 March 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

In this study, we will point out the correlation of critical parameters in designing scale-up of process equipment for commercial rice bran oil extraction with different types of rice paddy, solvent, and physicochemical condition. Advantageously, this research was also intended to enhance the discoveries of novel sustainable production method for resilient agro-based food, energy, and chemical industries. In our experiment, the extraction of rice bran oil was organised in a batch agitated vessel and showed a profile of first order system. The most important factors which profoundly contributed towards the yield of rice bran oil from Saigon I and PadiBesar variety are temperature (T), impeller speed (N), ratio of bran to solvent (s/L), and ratio of impeller’s height-off bottom to tank diameter (h/d). For the mass transfer constant and the rate of extraction as consequence, factors that significantly influenced the correlation were temperature (T), impeller speed (N), ratio of impeller diameter to tank diameter (d/D), and ratio of impeller’s height-off bottom to tank diameter (h/d). For the dimensionless yield, generalised equation is provided with coefficient of determination 0.95, while that of the mass transfer equals to 0.63, reflecting the yield correlation to be more accurate in predicting further experimental results. These correlations are furthermore unique for different rice varieties, of which in this case belongs to Saigon I. Application for other rice species is relevant as by inserting additional correction factor which also exemplified in this research for PadiBesar. Keywords: rice bran oil; batch extraction; storage time; mass transfer, rate, yield

KAJIAN PROSES PRODUKSI KATALIS MIKROSFERIK UNTUK PERENGKAHAN MINYAK BUMI DENGAN PENGERING SEMBUR AJI HENDRA SAROSA; Tjokorde Walmiki Samadhi; B Budiyanto
Reaktor Volume 15 No.4 Oktober 2015
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

STUDY OF SPRAY DRYING PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PETROLEUM CRACKING CATALYST. Catalyst for the hydrocarbon fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process consists of zeolite, matrix, fillers, and binders. The FCC catalyst has a microsphere form (10-120 µm), and can be produced by spray drying. Operating conditions of spray drying affect the characteristics of the microspheres FCC catalyst. The composition slurry (24% by weight) is 27% (by weight) of zeolite NaY, 33% (by weight) of Belitung kaolin, 20% (by weight) of silica alumina, 20% (by weight) of silica sol. The slurry is fed to spray dryer with constant air temperature of 190oC, ratio of atomizing air flow to slurry feed rate between 0.75:1 to 1:1, hot air flow rate between 0.2-0.3 m3/min, and slurry feed rate between 15-20 mL/min. Catalyst particle size distribution produced is in the range of 0.3752-161.1770 µm. Angle of repose of the dry product isin the 41.45-49.00 range, which translates to a flowability between passable and poor. Statistical treatment of experimental data by ANOVA method indicates that hot air velocity and interaction between the atomizing air to slurry feed rate ratio and the hot air velocity significantly affect the average particle size. The interaction between the atomizing air to slurry feed ratio with hot air velocity significantly affect particle size distribution as well. Keywords: FCC catalyst; operation conditions; spray drying Abstrak Katalis FCC memiliki empat komponen yaitu zeolit, matriks, bahan pengisi, dan bahan pengikat. Katalis FCC berbentuk mikrosfer berukuran 10-120 µm. Produksi katalis FCC melibatkan operasi pengering sembur. Kondisi operasi pengering sembur mempengaruhi karakteristik katalis FCC mikrosfer. Campuran slurry (24% berat) memiliki komposisi 27% (berat) zeolit NaY, 33% (berat) kaolin Belitung, 20% (berat) silika alumina, 20% (berat) silika sol. Slurry diumpankan ke pengering sembur dengan temperatur udara konstan 190oC, nisbah antara laju udara atomisasiterhadap laju alir umpan 0,75:1-1:1, laju alir udara panas 0,2-0,3 m3/min, dan laju umpan masuk 15-20 mL/min. Percobaan menghasilkan distribusi ukuran partikel sebesar 0,3752 µm hingga 161,1770 µm. Nilai analisis sudut diam 41,4498 sampai 48,9666, menunjukkan kriteria sifat aliran antara passable dan poor. Pengolahan data percobaan dengan metode ANOVA menunjukkan kecepatan udara panas masuk dan interaksi antara nisbah laju udara atomisasi terhadap laju alir umpan dengan kecepatan udara panas masuk berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap rata-rata ukuran partikel dan rentang distribusi ukuran katalis FCC.

Studi Produksi Hidrasin VIA Proses Urea J. P. Sitompul
Reaktor Volume 09 No.1 Juni 2005
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The use of hydrazine,N2H4 becomes very broad nowadays, in the production of polymer such as automobile air bags, in pharmacy, and in the water treatment for oxygen scavenge. Three commercial processes are available for hydrazine production , i.e. via Rasching-Olin, Ketazin, and Urea process. The operating condition for the later process is very mild compared to with the other two processes and hence requires simple processing equipments. This paper concerns with the kinetic study on production and on the effect of deactivator/ inhibitor during hydrazine bench-scale production via Urea process. Operating condition are at 1 bar and at temperature range 5-100 0C. The yield of the hydrazine and its concentration with varying reactants, NaOH, hypochlorite, and urea during the cource of reaction are presented. Futher, the effect of gelatin as the deactivator toward hydrazine yield is futher examined. A kinetic model is proposed and used to predict yield of hydrazine. The predicted yield is in close agreement with the experimental yield.Keywords : hydrazine, bench-scale production, kinetic model, oxygen scavenger, inhibitor, geltine

KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA PATI SAGU HASIL PENGERINGAN SECARA FLUIDISASI MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PENGERING CROSS FLOW FLUIDIZED BED BERTENAGA SURYA DAN BIOMASSA Abadi Jading; Eduard Tethool; Paulus Payung; Sarman Gultom
Reaktor Volume 13, Nomor 3, Juni 2011
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SAGO STARCH OBTAINED FROM FLUIDIZED BED DRYING USING SOLAR AND BIOMASS POWERED CROSS FLOW FLUIDIZED BED DRYER. The research aim is to study the comparative quality of sago starch drying results using cross flow fluidized bed dryer powered by solar and biomass in conventional drying, particularly the chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics. This research was conducted through a drying phase of wet sago starch using a cross flow fluidized bed dryer, and drying in conventional as well as dried sago starch quality testing results are drying. The results of this study indicate that dry sago starch which has been drained by means of cross flow fluidized bed dryer has a chemical composition that does not vary much with starch which is dried by conventional drying, so that the dried sago starch produced by the dryer is very good. On the other hand the use of dryers is the more correct because the physicochemical properties of sago starch using a low drying temperature and drying time is short. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari perbandingan kualitas pati sagu hasil pengeringan menggunakan alat pengering cross flow fluidized bed bertenaga surya dan biomassa dengan pengeringan secara konvensional, khususnya komposisi kimia dan karakteristik fisikokimia. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu pengeringan pati sagu basah menggunakan alat pengering cross flow fluidized bed, pengeringan secara konvensional serta pengujian kualitas pati sagu kering hasil pengeringan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pati sagu kering yang telah dikeringkan dengan alat pengering cross flow fluidized bed memiliki komposisi kimia yang tidak berbeda jauh dengan pati yang dikeringkan dengan cara pengeringan secara konvensional, sehingga pati sagu kering yang dihasilkan oleh alat pengering tersebut sangat baik. Di sisi lain penggunaan alat pengering ini semakin memperbaiki sifat fisikokimia pati sagu sebab menggunakan suhu pengeringan yang rendah dan waktu pengeringan yang singkat. Kata Kunci: pengering unggun terfluidakan; fisikokimia; pati sagu

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Editorial Address Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang 50275

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Contact Name
Dessy Ariyanti

Contact Email
dessy.ariyanti@che.undip.ac.id

Phone
+62247460058

Journal Mail Official
j.reaktor@che.undip.ac.id

Editorial Address
Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang 50275

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA