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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 25277332     EISSN : 26140020     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.
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Articles 207 Documents
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Analysis of ADRs with Hypokalaemia for Severity, Preventability and Causality in a Tertiary Care Centre in South India Shiva Murthy Nanjundappa; Safeera Alikutty K; Mabel Kuriakose EV; Basalingappa Shivanna
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i1.38913

Abstract

Hypokalemia is one of the most frequently seen electrolyte disturbances in clinical practice. Various drugs are known to induce hypokalemia, such as furosemide, thiazides, dicloxacillin, ampicillin, etc. The objective of this study is to assess hypokalemia adverse drug reactions (ADRs) for severity, preventability, and causality in a tertiary care centre in the southern part of India. It is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Data collected at DMWIMS Medical College, India, as per the ongoing pharmacovigilance program of India from November 1st, 2016 to October 30th, 2017 (12 month period) was included for analysis in this study. The SADR form published by the Government of India under the PVPI program was used for collecting the data. In-patients who were on at least one medication and experienced hypokalemia ADR with or without other symptoms or signs were included. Both primary suspected drugs and concomitantly prescribed drugs were analyzed. For the assessment of ADRs, modified Hartwig and Siegel assessment scales and plasma K+ level criteria were used for severity, Schumock and Thornton criteria for preventability, the WHO-UMC scale, and Naranjo's algorithm for causality, respectively. Sixty hypokalemia ADRs were considered for analysis. Both genders were equally affected, with a mean age of 64.28 ± 3.02 years. Four groups of drugs were suspected to cause hypokalemia viz., anti-asthmatics (36.67 %), diuretics (31.67 %), antibiotics (18.33 %), and antidiabetics (13.33 Polypharmacy was reported in 43.33% of cases, with 4.40 ± 01.689 drugs prescribed on average. To summarize, hypokalemia is a preventable ADR and minor variations in serum K+ levels can have a negative impact on patients' outcomes and mortality. FDC of Levosalbutamol with Ipratropium Bromide was the most common causative agent suspected of causing hypokalemia. Elderly patients receiving one or more drugs that are known to alter K+ levels, need close monitoring, and correction of hypokalemia should be done to improve prognosis. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms involved in DDIs and DDiIs to derive preventive strategies.
Pharmacogenomic Considerations In Propofol: A Review Ziske Maritska; Tri U. Pratiwi; Muhammad J. Aldwin; Clinton F.M Sitanggang; Ferdy Rahadiyan
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i1.38749

Abstract

Pharmacogenomics is one of the pivotal fields of science in the era of precision medicine. It helps provide an understanding of what causes the differences in terms of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a particular drug in patients. Hence, this leads to better efficacy. This branch of medicine also applies to sedative drugs in the anesthesia field, one of which is propofol. Changes in propofol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties might lead to toxicity and inadequate sedation. This review wishes to better understand how pharmacogenomics is applied in anesthesia, especially in propofol, one of its most commonly used medications.     
Prescribing Pattern of Vitamins in Dermatologic Disorders at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Western India Patel, Zankrut J.; Prajapati, Akanksha; Thaker, Vidhi; Patel, Sumit
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i2.40973

Abstract

Skin ailments are a major burden in society. It is thought that Vitamins may help in improving skin health and appearance, but their deficiency may cause disease. The data regarding vitamin usage patterns in dermatologic practice in India is lacking. Therefore, the present study has been planned to analyze the prescribing pattern of vitamins. A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out at the outpatient department of dermatology at GCSMCH and RC, Ahmedabad, for 12 months from October 2019 to September 2020. Prescriptions of 500 patients were analyzed for common skin conditions and prescribing patterns.  All the data were compiled into Microsoft Office Excel, and a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted. Out of 500 patients, males and females were 226(45%) and 274 (55%), respectively. Most of them had skin appendage-related diseases (28%). Out of the total of 1935 prescribed drugs, 619(31.98%) vitamins were prescribed in 500 patients with an average of 1.23 per prescription, in which the majority of drugs were as fixed-dose combination (FDC). Of 1211 prescribed vitamins, vitamin A was the most commonly prescribed vitamin 197 (39.4%). There is no association between prescribed vitamins and the prevalence of diseases. (p>0.05). However, the P-value is highly significant, suggesting an association between prescribed vitamins and different age groups. (p<0.05). Skin appendage-related diseases are commonest skin ailments. The use of vitamins in skin conditions is very common, particularly in oral formulations, among which the majority were prescribed as FDCs.
Effects of Centella Asiatica (L) Urb. on Cognitive Function in Hypothyroid Mice Offspring Khairinisa, Miski A.; Alfaqeeh, Mohammed; Patricia, Vinda M.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i2.48162

Abstract

Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) is widely used in traditional medicine due to its numerous health benefits. Among its reputed advantages are improved memory, intelligence, and neural protection. Impairment of cognitive function as a center for memory processing occurs due to perinatal hypothyroidism. Although several studies have shown that C. asiatica extract may improve memory function, the effectiveness of its extract as a memory enhancer for patients with perinatal hypothyroid is less unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of ethanol extract of C. asiatica (EEC) leaf as a memory enhancer in perinatal hypothyroid mice model. C. asiatica leaves were extracted by the decoction method, and the ethanol extract was administered to mice. the hypothyroid mouse model was developed by administering antithyroid agents to pregnant mice from gestational day (GD) 18 to postnatal day (PND) 21. The hypothyroid mice were administered either donepezil 5 mg/kg BW/mL (positive control) or treatment group (EEC 2 mg/kg BW/mL) from PND 21 to PND 35 (14 days). The light-dark test (LDT) and memory tests of offspring were conducted on PND 36. We found that EEC improved the cognition and memory of perinatal hypothyroidism mice. This study contributes to the foundational research for developing memory-enhancing supplement preparations, mainly targeting children with perinatal hypothyroidism.
Pharmacokinetic Changes and Dosage Adjustment of Digoxin in Elderly Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Narrative Review Alfaqeeh, Mohammed; Permatasari, Lanny I.; Khairinisa, Miski A.; Rusdiana, Taofik
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i2.48284

Abstract

Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside medication commonly used to control rapid heart rates in Atrial Fibrillation (AF). However, digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range and can be associated with adverse effects, including increased mortality risk, especially in the elderly. Pharmacokinetic changes occur with aging, affecting the way drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. Thus, this narrative review aimed to assess the optimization of digoxin dosing in elderly patients with AF while considering pharmacokinetic changes due to aging. We performed a comprehensive computerized search of relevant English articles and a manual examination of reference lists from primary sources formed the basis of this scoping review. This involved an extensive computerized search of relevant articles in English and a manual search of the reference lists of original articles. The review highlighted the need to carefully monitor digoxin levels in elderly patients due to changes in body composition, protein binding, hepatic clearance, renal excretion, and other factors affecting drug metabolism. Furthermore, we summarized guidelines and recommendations for optimizing digoxin dosing in elderly patients with AF. By shedding light on the intricacies of optimizing digoxin dosing in the elderly with atrial AF and emphasizing the significance of accounting for age-related pharmacokinetic changes, this review offers valuable insights for healthcare practitioners and researchers in the field. Addressing these aspects is crucial to enhancing therapeutic outcomes and minimizing potential risks associated with digoxin therapy in this vulnerable patient population
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Leaf Ethanol Extract Showed In Vivo Analgesic Activity Prasetya, Rahmad A.; Sudarwati, Tri P.L
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i2.40727

Abstract

Analgesic drugs like morphine and other opioids exhibit several harmful effects. Thus, the exploration of a new and safer analgesic drug is necessary. Utilizing Indonesia's biodiversity richness, medicinal plants can serve as an alternative source of novel analgesic drugs. Here, we show the analgesic activity of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) leaf ethanol extract (KE) in formaldehyde-induced rat (Rattus norvegicus) models. The effect of KE was examined by observing the duration of spontaneous nociceptive behavior such as paw licking or limp leg. The result showed that rats treated with 70 mg/kg KE demonstrated significantly (p<0.01) decreased nociceptive behavior compared to those receiving vehicles. However, a higher KE dose (210 mg/kg) failed to increase the analgesic effect and showed a slight reduction (not significant) compared to the control group. These findings proved that kratom leaf ethanol extract has the potential to alleviate painful conditions.
Pharm-Care Tadulako®: Web-Based Design Application to Improve Pharmaceutical Care Services Rumi, Amelia; Faisal, Muhammad; Syarifuddin, Nuryani; Purwanti, Rani; Natasya, Putri; Serli, Serli; Yusriadi, Yusriadi; A. Khairinisa, Miski
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i2.45759

Abstract

Pharmaceutical services recently require new ideas and innovation to provide maximum benefit concerning the pharmacological treatments of patients and taking responsibility for the process of monitoring their therapy. One of the efforts proposed to be implemented by pharmacists is the pharmaceutical care program which is designed to ensure pharmacists are able to monitor safe and effective medication use and also to provide timely access to medicines for the population. Moreover, the application of eHealth in terms of technology is expected to be effective, networked, patient-centered, and accessible for patients. Therefore, Pharm-Care Tadulako® which is a personalized eHealth application designed with key features of pharmaceutical care to enhance communication between pharmacists and patients is presented in this study. Some of the services designed to be provided by this application include electronic medical records, drug reminders, pharmaceutical messenger, clinical data monitoring, and medication analysis. The application was designed using Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Waterfall, after which a pilot study was conducted at four pharmacies in Palu City, Centre of Sulawesi, Indonesia, using 30 patients who volunteered willingly to participate in the experiment. It was discovered that 65% out of the 30 patients were aged 26-45 years old out of which 36% were observed to be suffering from hypertension. The Pharm-Care Tadulako® application was found to have a good impact on pharmacists during the process of providing pharmaceutical care services to patients while they were able to monitor their treatment through the five main features of the application.
Usability of mHealth in Patient with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review Belinda, Andhara M.; Milanda, Tiana
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i2.50595

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic illnesses identified by elevated blood glucose levels. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) test is used to evaluate a person’s control of their blood glucose levels. According to a recent study, mHealth interventions may be particularly helpful for assisting patients with diabetes mellitus to self-monitor their status on their HbA1c level. Therefore, this systematic review aims to provide an overview of how mHealth affects individuals with diabetes mellitus, concentrating on HbA1c evaluation. A systematic review was conducted by reviewing the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Mendeley databases for randomized control trials published between February 2017 and September 2023. The studies of mHealth on the result of HbA1c were then examined. A drop in HbA1c was seen in all intervention groups. The overall average reduction in HbA1c across all intervention groups was - 0.79%, while the reduction in control groups was - 0.42%. The influence of mHealth could significantly reduce HbA1c levels. Studies show that HbA1c decreased more in patients who underwent a 3 to 6-month intervention. This study discovered 12 papers that discuss health for people with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. This study found that mHealth interventions significantly lower HbA1c in DM patients. For further research, bigger sample sizes and data on self-care results are needed. The views and perspectives of patients regarding the physical characteristics and design aspects of different interventions—mobile applications, texts, and phone calls—need to be further investigated.
Off-Label Drug Use in Acute Respiration Infection Patient at Pangandaran Hospital, Pangandaran District, West Java - Indonesia Rahayuningsih, Nur; Priatna, Muharam; Sulistiani, Dewi A.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 8, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v8i3.48103

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are infectious diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract that cause a spectrum of illnesses from mild to severe infections. ARI is one of the leading causes of death in children in developing countries. The high incidence of ARI in children results in the use of off-label drugs. Off-label medicine is the use of drugs outside the provisions of the license relating to dose, age, route of administration, contraindications. This study aims to determine the use of off-label drugs in children with a diagnosis of ARI at Pandega Pangandaran Hospital, Pangandaran District, West Java - Indonesia. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional design and data collection was done retrospectively using Chi-square data analysis with a significance level of 0.05. Of the 84 patients who fit the inclusion criteria, there was an off-label drug use of 16.01% with the categories of off-label age (11.16%), off-label dose (4.37%), and off-label indication (0.48%) while in the category of route of administration and contraindications no off-label drug use was found. The most common type of off-label drug used was cetirizine antihistamine.  Based on the results, pharmacist’s supervision related to the risk of drug use is strongly recommended.
Prospect Study of Anti-inflammatory Activity by Identification of Muntingia calabura Leaf Infusion Permana, Shenny S.S; Yusuf, Muchamad R.A; Putri, Aufa A.D; Sukmayani, Jasmine Y.; Sudrajat, Ratu Z.A.P; Khairinisa, Miski A.; Wahyuni, Indah S.; Rohmawaty, Enny; Bashari, Muhammad H.; Lesmana, Ronny; Rosdianto, Aziiz M.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.49774

Abstract

Many diseases occur due to inflammation that is not handled properly. One of the feature of inflammation is swelling or edema. Inflammation can be handled with traditional medicine, such as Muntingia calabura L. (M. calabura L.) Pharmacologically, this plant extract is reported to have antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial. Metabolite compound contained in M. calabura L. has the potential as an anti-inflammatory agent. The objective of this study is to ascertain the secondary metabolites contained in M. calabura L. leaves infusion. This experimental research method includes the simplicia making and infusion of M. calabura L. leaves by cold infusion and phytochemical screening. This study also showed that the infusion of M. calabura L. leaves contained flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. Overall, the findings indicate potential as an anti-inflammatory agent that requires further investigation, specifically in preclinical testing. 

Page 16 of 21 | Total Record : 207

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