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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : 25277332 EISSN : 26140020 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.

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Articles 207 Documents

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Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) Reduces the Rectal Temperature of Diphteria-Pertussis-Tetanus Vaccine-Induced Mice Yudha Prabowo; Nyi M. Saptarini; Sri A. Sumiwi; Jutti Levita; Imam A. Wicaksono; Moelyono Moektiwardoyo
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 4, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

The pharmacological activities of Plecranthus sp include anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, inhibition on cyclooxygenase (COX) and xanthine oxidase, and cytotoxic activity. The aim of this work was to study the antipyretic activity of P. scutellarioides (L.) extract on animal model. Twenty seven Swiss Webster male mice were divided into nine groups and were pyrexia-induced by using 0.1 ml of diphteria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine. Their body temperature was measured every 60 minutes. After 4 hours of DPT vaccine injection, the mice were treated with (I) Arabic gum suspension (PGA) 2%; (II) paracetamol 16.25 mg/kg BW; (III) paracetamol 32.5 mg/kg BW; (IV) paracetamol 65 mg/kg BW; (V) paracetamol 130 mg/kg BW; (VI) P. scutellarioides extract 70 mg/kg BW; (VII) P. scutellarioides extract 140 mg/kg BW; (VIII) P. scutellarioides extract 280 mg/kg BW; (IX) P. scutellarioides extract 560 mg/kg BW. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21. Result showed that the body temperature of the mice started to rise at 2.5 hours and reached its peak at 4 hours after vaccine induction. The P. scutellarioides extract dose 280 mg/kg of BW indicated an 80.47% decrease (α= 0.05) compared to paracetamol dose 130 mg/kg of BW which decreases 85.43% of the animals’ fever. Interestingly, higher dose of the extract indicated a decrease in the antipyretic effect. We concluded that P. scutellarioides might possess antipyretic activity which started as early as 5 hours post vaccine-induced and was maintained for 3 hours. This plant needs further scientific exploration Keywords: Diphteria-pertusis-tetanus vaccine, anti-pyretic, rectal temperature, Webster mice

The Effect of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs on the Effectiveness of Anti-Retroviral Therapy in HIV-AIDS Patients Hasriana Hasriana; Sofa D. Alfian; Tiana Milanda; Rizky Abdulah
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 2, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Tuberculosis is the most common opportunistic infection and a leading cause of death among patients who infected by Humman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATB) on the effectiveness of anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy in HIV–AIDS infected patients.This study was a prospective cohort study conducted at outpatient clinic of Abepura Hospital during April-June 2015. The data were taken from medical records, which include CD4 level, gen-der, age, education and stage of disease. Statistical analysis was performed using bivariateand multiple regression analysis. A total of 28 subjects was included in this study (7 HIV patients and 21 TB-HIV patients). The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference on general characteristics of patients using ARV-ATB and without ATB. Gender, age, occupation, education and the stage of disease did not affect the value of CD4 patients (p>0.005). The result from paired t-test showed that there was no significant difference in the level of CD4 cell, before and after treatment using ARV (p˃0.912), while therapy with ARV-ATB showed significant differences (p˂0.002). In conclusion, this study showed that the combination of ATB and ARV could increase CD4 level up to 72%. Thus, the use of ATB drugs on ARV patients who infected by TB is recommended to reduce disease burden.Keywords: anti-retroviral therapy , HIV- AIDS, tuberculosis

Antimitotic Activity of Cayratia trifolia Ethanol Extract on Zygote Cells of Tripneustes gratilla Eva Feriadi; Wahyuni Wahyuni; Muhammad I. Yusuf
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v1i2.15205

Cancer is a devastating disease characterized by abnormal cell growth. Due to several safety issues associated with current cancer treatment, identification of new strategies for cancer therapy is considered necessary. Natural substances in plants m and fruits have the potentials to be developed as anticancer drugs. One of them is Cayratia trifolia (C. trifolia). This study was aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of stem and leaf ethanol extract of C. trifolia against zygote cells of sea urchin or Tripneustes gratilla (T. gratilla). Extraction of stem and leaf of C. trifolia was conducted using maceration method in ethanol solvent. Thin layer chromatography was performed to screen phytochemicals contained in the extract. Zygoteof T. gratilla was used to conduct antimitotic activity test. We found that stem and leaf ethanol extract had IC50 of 169.82 μg/ml and 208.92 μg/ml, respectively. In comparison with positivecontrol of vincristine which had IC50 value of 3.23x10-3 μg/ml (very strong category), this extract showed moderate antimitotic activity. In conclusion, C. trifolia is potential to be developed as anticancer treatment.Keywords: cancer, Cayratia trifolia, antimitotic

Pharmaceutical Counseling Has a Positive Impact on Quality of Life of Hypertension Patients Gina Aulia; Eli Halimah; Keri Lestari
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Pharmacists play a major role in educating patients regarding drug therapy, in order to achieve optimal health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pharmaceutical counseling on quality of life (QoL) of hypertensive patients with renal impairment at one of public hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. This study used a prospective experimental design with pretest-posttest design for 2 months. Inclusion criteria in this study were hypertensive patients with renal impairment who received antihypertensive drugs, aged >18 years, and signed the informed consent. Exclusion criteria were patients who were not able to fill in the questionnaire, patients with end stage renal diseases, diabetes, and pregnant or lactating patients. Pharmaceutical counseling was given during 2 months of the therapy. Pharmaceutical counseling consisted of education on the appropriate use of drugs and disease management. Schedule of their own medication and leaflet containing educational information were given to the subjects. QoL was assessed using a previously validated Mini-Questionnaire of QoL in Arterial Hypertension (MINICHAL). The questionnaire consisted of 16 two dimensions questions, i.e., mental health and somatic manifestation. We found that the mean increase in mental health status (49.5±5.3) was higher than that of somatic dimension (32.7±3.6). Both dimensions had statistically significant improvement (P value <0.05). In conclusion, pharmaceutical counseling is beneficial to improve QoL of hypertension patients.Keywords: hypertension, renal impairment, quality of life

Factors Influencing Private Practitioners to Report Tuberculosis Cases Anneke Rosma; Chiho Yamazaki; Satomi Kameo; Dewi M. Herawati; Rovina Ruslami; Ardini Raksanagara; Hiroshi Koyama
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

One of the key elements in tuberculosis (TB) management is a system for recording and reporting, in which every health care provider needs to report every TB case to an authorized primary health center (PHC) to support effective treatment. This study was conducted to investigate the present condition of TB recording and reporting system and evaluate several factors that might influence PP behavior regarding the reporting of TB cases to a PHC in Bandung, Indonesia. Face-to-face interviews with PP and the head of the PHC were performed. Data were coded, categorized, and analyzed statistically by Fischer’s exact test. We found that there were four factors influencing the reporting of TB cases by PP to PHC, including self-awareness, ignorance, lack of time, and poor implementation of recording and reporting system. The level of PP self-awareness was significantly associated with the reporting of TB cases (p<0.05). Private sector involvement, improvement in the recording of treatment follow-up, and the use of electronic based reporting were considered important by participants to construct a well-established recording and reporting system for TB cases. In conclusion, there are still room for improvement in the reporting and recording system of TB cases in PHC.Keywords: recording, reporting, tuberculosis, self-awareness, practitioners

Acute Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Polygonum pulchrum Blume using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method Asman Sadino; Idin Sahidin; Wahyuni Wahyuni
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 2, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

The potential toxicity effect presents in the medicinal plants is important to be identified forthe safety assurance. Accute toxicity study is an initial step in the drug safety assurance test.Thus, the aim of this study is to identify the potential acute toxicity of roots, stems, leaves,and flowers ethanol extracts of bamboo bamboo plants (Polygonum pulchrum Blume). Thisstudy used brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. The total number of larvae used ineach concentrations in three times replications was 330 larvae. Each group was given consecutivelyroots, stems, leaves and flowers ethanol extracts of P. pulchrum Blume plants withvariation concentrations 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml, 1000 μg/ml, 2000 μg/ml, and 4000 μg/ml. The number of dead larvae after24 hours treatment were calculated to obtain the mortality percentages and to determine theLC50 value, which were determined by probit analysis using MiniTab application version17.1.0. Ethanol extract of P. pulchrum roots and stems resulted LC50 values of 933.08 μg/mland 919.58 μg/ml, respectively. While the LC50 values of leaves and flowers extracts were2207.06 μg/ml and 1081.90 μg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, P. pulchrum Blume roots andstems were classified as toxic according to BLST method, while leaves and flowers were not.Keywords: acute toxicity, brine shrimp lethality test, Polygonum pulchrum Blume

Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of Castanopsis costata Leaves Maulana Y. Alkandahri; Leo Nisrihadi; Emil Salim
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Castanopsis costata (C.costata) leaves were empirically used by people in North Sumatera, Indonesia, as an antioxidant dietary supplement. However, its pharmacological effect has not been scientifically explored. The purpose of this study was to identify the secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of C. costata. The leaves were cold extracted with methanol. The secondary metabolites were determined using thin layer chromatography. Its antioxidant activity was investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results showed that methanol extract of C. costata leaves consisted of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, anthraquinone glycosides, tannins and triterpenoids. The methanol extract of C. costata leaves showed comparable antioxidant activity with vitamin C, IC50 35.56 μg/ml and 14.17 μg/ml, respectively.Keywords: Castanopsis costata leaves, methanol extract, antioxidant, DPPH, vitamin C.

Drug Related Problems of Diabetic Nephropathy Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia Dika P. Destiani; Athirah Ghazali
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) are particularly vulnerable to drug related problems (DRPs) due to complex medication regimen and renal dysfunction. However, there was limited information regarding prevalence of DRPs among patients with DN in Malaysia. This research was conducted to determine the prevalence of DRPs among hospitalized patients with DN at tertiary hospital in Malaysia during June 2014-May 2015. This was a retrospective observational descriptive study that used patients medical records as data source. There were 104 subjects included in this study. The prevalence of DRPs among the included subjects was 74%. Most DRPs observed were from two categories, namely non-compliance to medication and adverse drug reactions (20.93% for both categories). These categories were followed by the category of unnecessary drugs (16.28%), too low dose (15.81%), inappropriate drugs (11.16%), untreated indication (10.23%) and too high dose (4.65%). Pharmacists are encouraged to perform comprehensive medication review to improve health outcomes and enhance patients safety.Keywords: Drug related problems, diabetic nephropathy, T2DM

Predictor of Diabetes: Correlation between Leucine Concentration and Insulin Resistance Chyntia R. Wijaya; Indriyanti R. Sukmana; Jutti Levita
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 2, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Leucine catabolism changes among people with central obesity. This condition can lead to metabolic pathway disorder and increased mTORC-1 activation. Downstream signal of mTORC-1 is p70S6K1, which causes phosphorylation of insulin-1 receptor substrate (IRC-1). This study was performed to evaluate correlation between leucine concentration and insulin resistance (IR). This study was a prospective cross-sectional study, involving two groups; control and obese group. General characteristics and blood sample were taken from each subject. Leucin and Homeostasis Model Assesment (HOMA)-IR, as the marker of insulin resistance, were evaluated. The result indicated a significant positive correlation between leucine concentration and insulin resistance value (R=0.351; P=0.006) in central obese men. The higher leucine concentration, the higher the risk of insulin resistance occurrance. Therefore, leucine can be used as a biomarker for early detection of insulin resistance.Keywords: amino acids, mTORC-1, insulin-1 receptor substrate

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Marine Sponge Aaptos sp. to the Plasma Interleukin-1β Level in Wistar Male Rats Adryan Fristiyohadi; Wahyuni Wahyuni; Wa OIL. Kalimin; La OMJ. Permana; Saripuddin Saripuddin; Idin Sahidin
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 4, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Inflammation is the response of the body to injury and infection characterized by swelling, heat, pain, and redness. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Aaptos sp. ethanolic extract to plasma interleukin (IL)-1β level of Wistar male rats. Aaptos sp. was macerated with 96% ethanol for 3 x 24 hours. Inflammation was induced with administration of 1% carrageenan intraplantarly. Animals were divided into 5 treatment groups, i.e., positive control (diclofenac sodium 3598 ppm); Aaptos sp extract 50 ppm; Aaptos sp extract 100 ppm Aaptos sp extract 200 ppm; and negative control (0.5% Na CMC). After 1 hour, blood was collected and assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The results showed that plasma IL-1β levels of animals were decreased by Aaptos sp ethanolic extract. The administration of 50 ppm of extract showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in IL-1β level in first and second hour measurement, but indicated a statistically significant decrease after three hour (p<0.05). The administration of 100 ppm of extract showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in every hour. Significant reduction was observed in the administration of 200 ppm of extract, but the elevation of IL-1β levels was also observed at third hour measurement. In conclusion, ethanolic extract of Aaptos sp. had anti-inflammatory activity and its effective dose was 50 ppm.

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Home Page

OAI Link

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Contact Name Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

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Journal Mail Official pcpreditorialteam@gmail.com

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Location Kota bandung, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

Contact Email
Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
pcpreditorialteam@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA