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Pengaruh penerapan carbohydrate loading modifikasi terhadap kesegaran jasmani atlet sepak bola Utoro, Bayu Febri; Dieny, Fillah Fithra
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: The reduction of glycogen stores gradually during sports activities affect the performance of athletes. Carbohydrate loading is a method that aims to increase the glycogen stores are expected to delay fatigue and prevent hypoglycemia at the time of the matchPurpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of modification carbohydrate loading to the physical fitness and some indicators of nutritional status soccer athletesMethods: Experimental studies with approaches one group pre and post test design on 23 athletes aged 14-20 years in Diklat Sepak Bola Bintang Pelajar Semarang RegencyÂ in July 2011. During one week the subjects were given a high carbohydrate intake approximately 70% of the total energy requirement (protein and fat are given to normal) and soccer practice programmed with moderate intensity in the first three days and continued the intensity of light at the second of three days. Measurements included weight, height, percent body fat, lean body mass, blood glucose levels and physical fitness with Asian Committee on the Standarization of Physical Fitness Test (ACSPFT) methodResults: There were significant differencesÂ of physical fitness, physical fitness components (speed and cardiorespiratory endurance), body mass index, percent fat, lean body mass and blood glucose levels before and after treatment with p <0.05Conclusion: Modified carbohydrate loading effected on physical fitness of soccer athletes. Fat mass and lean body mass to be the most influence factors on physical fitness

Zat gizi, massa lemak tubuh, dan tekanan darah pada wanita vegetarian dan nonvegetarian berusia 20-30 tahun Kirana, Stela Maris Adinda Budi; Murbawani, Etisa Adi; Panunggal, Binar
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 6, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background : Vegetarians tend to have a risk of underfat. Several studies have reported that vegetarians have lower fat and higher fiber intake, lower body fat mass and blood pressure than nonvegetarians. There are only few studies about those variabels in 20-30 year-old subject. Objective : To analyze the difference of nutrients intake, body fat mass, and blood pressure between 20-30-year-old vegetarian and nonvegetarian women.Methods : Cross-sectional study design in 26 vegetarian women and 26 nonvegetarian women who was selected by consecutive sampling. Nutrients intake were obtained by Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionaire (SQFFQ) and analyzed by Nutrisurvey. Body fat mass was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Blood pressure was measured using Mercury sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test.Result : There were 38.5% ofÂ vegetarians and 3.8% of nonvegetarians classified as underfat. There were 30.7% of vegetarians and 50% ofÂ nonvegetarians classified as prehypertension. There were difference in fat (p=0.005), saturated fatty acid (p=0.000), monounsaturated fatty acids (p=0.002), polyunsaturated fatty acids (p=0.043), fiber (p=0.000), potassium (p=0.000), magnesium (p=0.004); body fat mass (p=0.021); and sistolic blood pressure (p=0.004) between both of groups. There werenâ€™t difference energy intake (p=0.098), carbohydrate (p=0.207), protein (p=0.535), sodium (p=0.784), calcium (p=0.798), and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.799) between both of groups.Conclusion : Between vegetarian group and nonvegetarian group, there were difference in fat, saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, potassium, magnesium intake; body fat mass; and sistolic blood pressure. However, there werenâ€™t diffference in energy, carbohydrate, protein, sodium, calcium intake, and diastolic blood pressure between vegetarian group and nonvegetarian groupÂ

Keragaman pangan, pola asuh makan dan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan Widyaningsih, Novita Nining; Kusnandar, Kusnandar; Anantanyu, Sapja
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 7, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that occurs due to lack of nutrient intake over a long period of time, causing growth disturbances which are marked by an appropriate height for age. The incidence of stunting in toddlers is influenced by the low access to food both in terms of quantity and quality. In addition, it is also influenced by the feeding parenting from the mother, particularly in the feeding practice of the children.Objective: To determine the relationship between food diversity and feeding practice with the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months in Bayat Sub-district, Klaten Regency.Method: The study design used was a cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in Bayat Sub-district, Klaten Regency, with a total subject of 100 toddlers aged 24-59 months. The simple random sampling technique was used for sampling. Birth weight and birth length data as seen from KMS book. The food diversity was measured using IDDS (Individual Dietary Diversity Score) questionnaire and feeding practise was obtained through interviews measured using structured questionnaire. The data was then analyzed using bivariate (chi square) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis.Results: This study showed that the 41% of toddlers aged 24-59 months are stunted. Chi square test showed that there were a relationship between birth length, feeding practice and food diversity with stunting (p â‰¤ 0.05). The result of multivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between food diversity with stunting (p= 0,029, OR=3,213, 95% Cl: 1,123-9,189).Conclusion: There is a relationship between birth length, feeding practice, and food diversity with stunting. The most dominant risk factor for stunting was food diversity.

Pengaruh pemberian probiotik Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell-52 dan Lactobacillus rhamnosus Rosell-11 terhadap kadar limfosit lanjut usia Wahyuningsih, Retno; SS, Darmono; Margawati, Ani
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Infectious disease remains a health problem for the elderly. The elderly are susceptible to infection,because the body's ability to fight infection decreases immunity. The immune status can be improved through the effortsof immunization, and nutrition. However the elderly are not sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of food, so probioticcould support nutritional adequacy.Objective: Analyze the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell-52 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Rosell-11 onlevels of lymphocytes in the elderly in Tresna Elderly Social Institution Puspakarma Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara.Methods: This was quasi-experimental study, randomized pre-post control group design. The population is elderly aged60-75 years, involving 45 subjects were divided randomly into two groups, namely the treatment groups givenprobiotics and the control group was given a placebo. Probiotics were given for 4 weeks, with the provision of onecapsule a day. Immunity status in this study was lymphocytes. Data examined included the intake of nutrients (protein,vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, Fe, Zn), health status, quality of sleep, and levels of lymphocytes in the elderly. Datawere analyzed using bivariate with different test Independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman, Pearson,and Paired t-test.Results: Increasing number of lymphocytes were significantly in the treatment group (Ï‡ Â± SD: 1.84 Â± 1.85) and in thecontrol group (0.95 Â± 5.0). There is no relationship between intake (protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, Fe, Zink),physical health status, and quality of sleep with levels of lymphocytes.Conclusion: Probiotics in 4 weeks is proven to increase the number of lymphocytes in the elderly.

Efek pemberian ekstrak klorofil daun pepaya (carica papaya, linn.) terhadap kadar ast dan alt serum Damayanti, Kusmadewi Eka; Wijayahadi, Noor; Puruhita, Niken
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 4, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Pharmacological therapy is one of the therapy modalities which carries the hepatic injury as one of its side effects. Nowadays, curcuma tablets has become choice of hepatoprotector. Other substance which has the possibilities of hepatoprotection activities is chlorophyll. The study is aimed to investigate the effect of papaya leaves chlorophyll extracts towards the serum AST and serum ALT levels on high-dose-paracetamol-induced Wistar rats. Materials and methods: This was an experimental study applying pretest-posttest controlled group design. Twenty eight Wistar rats 8-12 weeks age and weighted 185-220 grams assigned into four groups, namely group I (control), group II (paracetamol 750 mg/kg bw + no hepatoprotector agent), group III (paracetamol 750 mg/kg bw + curcuma 100 mg/kg bw), and group IV (paracetamol 750 mg/kg bw + papaya leaves chlorophyll extracts 300 mg/kg bw). The hepatoprotector agents were administered for a week, while the high dose paracetamol was administered for three consecutive days (day 5, 6, and 7). The pretest samples were drawn on the fifth day before the administration of high dose paracetamol, and the posttest samples were drawn on eightth day. Results: There were no difference among four groups on serum AST and serum ALT levels before the administration of high dose paracetamol, p=0.522 dan p=0.682, respectively. After the administration of high dose paracetamol, there were differences among four groups on both variables, both p=0.000. The post-hoc test showed that differences happened on all four groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: Chlorophyll extract of papaya leaves can inhibit liver injury on high-dose-paracetamol-induced-Wistar rats.Â

Pengaruh suplementasi Zn terhadap perubahan indeks TB/U anak stunted usia 24-36 bulan Kusudaryati, Dewi Pertiwi Dyah; Muis, Siti Fatimah; Widajanti, Laksmi
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 5, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background : Zn supplementation on stunted children in multiple research get the result inconsistent concerning the effect of Zn on childrenâ€™s growth.Objective : To examine the effect of Zn supplementation to the change in height for index among stunted children age between 24-36 months.Methods: The research design is randomized pretest posttest control group design. The total of thirty six stunted children are divided into two groups. The treatment group is received syrup with 20 mg ZnSO4 twice a week for three months. The control group received placebo without Zn. Height for age z score (HAZ) on WHO Child Growth 2006 is used to measure height for age index while dietary intake and infection diseases are used as confounding variables.Result : There is significant difference in HAZ before and after supplementation at treatment group (p<0.001) and control group (p<0.001). There is a significant difference of the change in HAZ between the treatment group and control group (p=0.006). Percentage Achievement of Energy, Protein, and Zn Dietary Allowance have significant difference between the treatment group and control group (p=0.009; p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively). The change in HAZ, Percentage Achievement of Energy, Protein, and Zn Dietary Allowance are higher in treatment group than control group. Duration of diarrhea (p=0.045) and morbidity (p=0.019) are lower in treatment group than control group. Conclusion : Zn Supplementation among stunted children have significant effect on the change in HAZ, dietary intake, and infection.

Kebiasaan jajan berhubungan dengan status gizi siswa anak sekolah di Kabupaten Gorontalo Nuryani, Nuryani; Rahmawati, Rahmawati
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 6, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background : Adequate of nutrition intakes and indentification of nutrition problem in elementary school are essential for children growth and development.Objective : To analyze association between breakfast habit, dietary snacking and frequency consumption of food with nutritional status in elementary school student.Methods : Observational study with cross sectional design. The sample was collected with total sampling, included 134 student. The study was conducted in April-May 2016 which was located in Elementary School 11 Limboto, Gorontalo Regency. Antropometric measurement and nutritional status was colleted by measure of weight and height. Economic status, dietary snacking, frequency consumption of foodÂ and breakfast habit were measured using questionare. Data analysis was used bivariate with chi square test.Results : There were 50,7% male and 49,3% female students. Around 64,9% student have accustomed breakfast, 17,9% students have frequence for eat â‰¥ 3 time a day and 78,4% students have accustomed snacking at the school. There was association between nutritional status with dietary snacking (p = 0,030), while dietary breakfast and frequency consumption of food with p > 0,05 that mean there was not association with nutritional status.Conclusion: dietary snacking have association withÂ the children nutritional status at the elementary school.Â

Pengaruh suplementasi Î²-carotene terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan kadar malondialdehida pada tikus sprague dawley yang diinduksi Streptozotocin Soviana, Elida; Rachmawati, Banundari; Widyastiti, Nyoman Suci
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background : Hyperglycemia on diabetes mellitus can cause increasing of free radicals production. Free radicals caused lipid peroxidation reaction by forming malondialdehyde (MDA). Î²-carotene has antioxidant activity may inhibit the formation of ROS.Objective : To prove the effect of multilevel doses Î²-carotene 1 mg/kg BW, 20 mg/kg BW and 20 mg/kg BW on alternate days within 30 days orally supplementation on blood glucose level and MDA level on Sprague Dawley male rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods : Thirty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: X1=Negative control/diabetic, X2 (STZ 40 mg/kg BW + BC 1 mg/kg BW), X3 (STZ 40 mg/kg BW + BC 10mg/kg BW), X4 (STZ 40 mg/kg BW + BC 20 mg/kg BW), X5 (technic control/non diabetic). Î²-Carotene supplementation was given by nasogastric tube on alternate days within thirty days. Blood glucose level was measured by GOD-PAP and MDA level by ELISA with TBARS methods. Data was analized using paired t-test, wilcoxon, one way anova and post hoc bonferroni. Results : there was a significant difference of blood glucose level (p = 0,0001) and MDA level (p = 0,0001) after suplementation Î²-carotene on alternate days within 30 days orally. Î²-carotene 10 mg/kg BW was the most effective and efficient dose to lowering blood glucose, while 20 mg/kg BW to lowering MDA level. Conclusion : The multilevel doses Î²-carotene (1 mg/kg BW, 10 mg/kg BW and 20 mg/kg BW) on alternate days within 30 days orally supplementation can decrease blood glucose and MDA level. Î²-carotene 10 mg/kg BW is the most effecetive and efficient to decrease blood glucose and Î²-carotene 20 mg/kg BW to decrease MDA level.

Korelasi kadar hepcidin dan asupan makanan dengan serum transferrin reseptor dan hemoglobin pada remaja stunted overweight Mani, La; Fatimah-Muis, Siti; Kartini, Apoina
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Stunted overweight is associated with mild chronic inflammation. The state of inflammation will increase the expression of hepcidin, which affects the iron status of the body, besides the intake of protein, iron, and vitamin C.Objective: To analyze the correlation of hepcidin levels and food intake (protein, iron, vitamin C) with serum transferrin receptors (sTfR) and hemoglobin in stunted overweight adolescents.Method: The design of research was cross-sectional. The subjects were 64 adolescents stunted overweight aged 15-18 years in four high/vocational schools in the Banyumanik District, Semarang City. Measurement the level of hepcidin and sTfR was using the ELISA method and haemoglobin was using Cyanomethemoglobin method. Data on protein, iron, vitamin C intake was using the SQ-FFQ method. Bivariate analysis was using Pearson and Spearman correlation test then followed by multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The result showed that 89.1% subjects had adequate intake of protein, 54.7% subjects had low intake of vitamin C, 76.6% subjects had low intake of iron. Hepcidin levels in all subjects were 100% normal. There were 7.8% subjects with a low sTfR and 7.8% with a low haemoglobin level. Statistic test showed there was correlation between hepcidin with haemoglobin and sTfR (p1 = 0,010 r1 = -0,319, p2 = 0,001, r2 = 0,569). From food intake, only intake iron was correlated with haemoglobin but not with sTfR. There was significant difference between the mean of haemoglobin and sTfR among girls and boys. Further analysis, showed that only hepcidin was a weak negative determinant for sTfR (R2 = 0,120). The determinant factors for haemoglobin were gender (p=0,001) and hepcidin (p =0,004) with the value of R2 = 0,577.Conclusion: Hepcidin correlated with sTfR and haemoglobin while iron intake only correlated with hemoglobin.

Karakteristik keluarga yang berhubungan dengan status gizi balita umur 6- 59 bulan Purwanti, Rachma; Wati, Erna Kusuma; Rahardjo, Setiyowati
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 5, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Nutrition is a factor that most determines the quality of human resources. Lack of nutrition during infancy can lead delayed in physical growth, motor development and impaired cognitive development. Family characteristics holds an important role to solve nutrition problems.Objective: to determine the family characteristics associated with nutritional status of children at the Community Health Centers of Sumbang II, Banyumas Regency. Methods: This type of study is a case - control. Sample cases were children aged 6-59 months who have undernutrition status, while the controls were well nourished children aged 6-59 months. Sample of cases and controls each of 46. Data was analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. Result: Based on this research, it is known that the characteristics of the families studied, which are associated with nutritional status of children in the Community Health Center II Sumbang, Banyumas Regency is the level of motherâ€™s nutritional knowledge with a p value=0.002 and OR=3.875. Other variable of family characteristics, namely large families, health care utilization, and environmental sanitation were not associated with nutritional status of children (p=0.921; p=0.173; p=0.204). Conclusion: Level of motherâ€™s nutritional knowledge was associated with nutritional status. As a suggestion, to improve nutritional status on children at the Community Health Centers of Sumbang II it need to increase knowledge of mothers by training and counseling, better supervision and monitoring of nutritional status of children, and increase roles of an integrated services post.

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