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INDONESIA
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 792 Documents
 59   60   61   62   63 
CORRELATION BETWEEN COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND SERUM LEVELS OF TUMOR NECROSIS ALPHA (TNF-α) IN SCHIZOPHRENIA Eldi Sauma; Antania Hanjani Irianti; Tuti Kurnianingsih; Shelly Iskandar; Sumartini Dewi; Veranita Pandia
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 8 (2024): Online Januari 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i8.p1261-1270.2024

Abstract

Introduction: Impaired cognitive function causes significant impairment in schizophrenic patients. Studies result found that inflammatory processes in the brain play an important role in cognitive decline in schizophrenia. One of the inflammatory markers associated with cognitive function in schizophrenia is serum Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) levels. TNF-α levels can be influenced by genetic and racial factors.   Objective: This study aims to analyze the correlation between cognitive function and TNF-α serum levels in schizophrenic patients in Indonesia. Methods: This study is an analytical study using a cross-sectional design in 34 schizophrenic patients who were hospitalized in the Mental Hospital of West Java Province. Patients with risk of inflammation and cognitive impairment are excluded. Cognitive function was assessed using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Digit Span and Trail Making Test. TNF-α serum levels were measured using the Sandwitch-ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay) method. Results: Study participants showed a cognitive deficit in all examination instruments. The TNF-α serum levels of the participants increased (mean: 8.93 ± 3.43). TNF-α serum levels was not significantly correlated with cognitive function. Conclusion: There is no significant correlation exist between cognitive function and TNF-α serum levels in schizophrenia.Keywords: Schizophrenia, cognitive function, TNF-α
Tatalaksana Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma dengan Ismolobektomi Fauzia Latifah Supriyadi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1229-1237.2023

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Pappilary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) adalah subtipe kanker tiroid yang paling banyak terjadi. Diagnosisnya ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan penunjang seperti pemeriksaan fungsi tiroid, ultrasonography tiroid dan Biopsi Aspirasi Jarum Halus (BAJAH). Pembedahan merupakan penatalaksanaan utama pada PTC.  Laporan Kasus: Dilaporkan satu kasus nodul tiroid pada seorang laki-laki usia 41 tahun. Pasien datang dengan keluhan benjolan di leher depan sisi kanan sejak 2 tahun yang membesar secara lambat dan tidak nyeri. Pada pasien dilakukan dilakukan ismolobektomi dextra dengan hasil histopatologi pasca operasi disimpulkan suatu PTC. Pasien didiagnosis dengan intermediate risk papillary thyroid carcinoma stadium I (T3N0M0). Kesimpulan: Pembedahan merupakan tatalaksana utama pada PTC. Ismolobektomi dipilih sebagai penatalaksanaan berdasarkan stratifikasi risiko pada pasien.Kata kunci: Papillary thyroid carcinoma, Biopsi Aspirasi Jarum Halus, Ismolobektomi
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa dan Tekanan Darah Pada Tenaga Kependidikan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Hidayatul Hasnah; Dwi Yulia; Desmawati desmawati; fadrian fadrian; yustini alioes; dessy arisanty
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 10 (2024): Supplementary April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i10.p1532-1544.2024

Abstract

Tujuan : mengetahui hubungan indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan tekanan darah pada tenaga kependidikan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 37 orang yang dilaksanakan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas pada tanggal 08 September 2021. Metode pengambilan sampel ini dengan total sampling, analisis data hubungan indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan tekanan darah menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Nilai median indeks massa tubuh sebesar 24,22 Kg/, nilai rerata 24,94 Kg/, nilai minimum sebesar 16,23 Kg/ dan nilai maksimum 40,15 Kg/. Nilai median kadar glukosa darah puasa 127 mg/dL, nilai rerata 143,65 mg/dL, nilai minimum sebesar 93 mg/dL dan nilai maksimum 399 mg/dL. Nilai median dari tekanan darah 126 mmHg,nilai rerata 128,7 mmHg,  nilai minimum 94 mmHg, dan nilai maksimum 213 mmHg. Tidak terdapat korelasi bermakna antara indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa (p=0,203) ataupun pada indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan darah (p= 0,097) pada subjek penelitian. Kesimpulan: tidak terdapat korelasi bermakna antara indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan antara indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan darah pada tenaga kependidikan pada Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas.  
Evaluasi Biaya Perawatan Intensif Pasien COVID-19 Di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta: Pendekatan Activity Based Costing Putra, Andika Chandra
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 9 (2024): Supplementary Januari 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i9.p1426-1433.2024

Abstract

Facing the COVID-19 pandemic, the healthcare system, especially in Indonesia, encountered significant operational and financial challenges, particularly concerning intensive care costs. RSUP Persahabatan, serving as a national referral center, consistently managed COVID-19 patients ranging from moderate to critical degrees. Recognizing the importance of cost evaluation for efficiency enhancement, this study aimed to meticulously examine the unit cost of intensive care for COVID-19 patients using the Activity Based Costing (ABC) approach. In-depth analysis revealed that the intensive care unit at RSUP Persahabatan comprises 14 supporting activities and offers 61 service products. Both direct and indirect costs for each activity were successfully identified and quantified. Further, when juxtaposed with the INA-CBGs rates set by the 2023 Indonesian Health Minister's Regulation, it became evident that RSUP Persahabatan's ICU achieved remarkable cost efficiency. These findings not only provide invaluable insights for RSUP Persahabatan but also offer strategic recommendations for other healthcare institutions in the evaluation and optimization of COVID-19 intensive care costs. 
Dapur Makanan Pendamping-Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) di Daerah Bencana Malampah, Pasaman Barat Hendra Amalfi; Nice Rachmawati Masnadi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 10 (2024): Online May 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i10.p1734-1743.2024

Abstract

Indonesia legislation number 24 of 2007 at 55 concerning disaster management states that children (babies and toddlers) are a vulnerable group when a disaster occurs.1 Children are a vulnerable population and have special health problems that must be considered when a disaster occurs. One of them is the very limited availability of complementary foods (MP-ASI) and this condition will worsen the nutritional status of children in disaster areas.2,3,4 The provision of food menus for toddlers in natural disaster conditions is limited because public kitchen do not prepare special menu for toddlers so that children consume food that is also consumed by adults, including instant food. The availability of MP-ASI ingredient can be achieved from public kitchens with the help and cooperation of various parties including volunteers by setting up MP-ASI kitchen so that nutritional intake for toddlers is fulfilled in disaster conditions.5 This was a activities report on establishing MP-ASI in the disaster area, Malampah, Pasaman. It has been expected to be a reference for establishing MP-ASI kitchen in disaster area, as consideration in creating operational standards for establishing MP-ASI kitchen in disaster area, and assist in managing public MP-ASI kitchen in natural disaster area.
Anemia Defisiensi Besi Berat pada Remaja Abdurrahman Arsyad As Siddiqi; Amirah Zatil Izzah
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 8 (2024): Online Januari 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i8.p1319-1330.2024

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is anemia caused by a reduced body iron reserve to form red blood cells. During periods of rapid growth, such as the first year of life and adolescence, the need for iron increases, leading to an increased incidence of iron deficiency anemia during these periods. Deficiency of iron can lead to concealed intestinal bleeding. This case report discusses a 10-year and 7-month-old male patient with a diagnosis of severe iron deficiency anemia accompanied by occult bleeding. The patient received a blood transfusion due to a very low Hb level of 3.9 g/dl. The transfusion was administered gradually with a target Hb of 6 g/dl and was followed by iron supplementation. The blood transfusion provided was in the form of red cell packs, administered slowly in sufficient amounts to raise the Hb to a safe level.
Unlocking the Fiber Mystery: The Secret Key to Blood Sugar Control and Diabetes Management silvia thamrin; delmi sulastri
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 10 (2024): Supplementary April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i10.p1625-1634.2024

Abstract

Serat makanan terdiri dari karbohidrat kompleks dan lignin yang tidak dihidrolisis oleh enzim manusia dan, oleh karena itu, tidak dicerna atau diserap oleh tubuh manusia. Berbagai efek serat makanan, termasuk peningkatan viskositas intraluminal, penurunan penyerapan makronutrien, dan berkurangnya sekresi insulin, berkontribusi pada pengendalian glikemia postprandial dan mengurangi risiko hipoglikemia pasca-penyerapan. Tujuan: Untuk memberikan pemahaman bahwa asupan serat makanan yang cukup sangat penting untuk kontrol glikemik dan manajemen diabetes yang efektif. Metode: Artikel ini disusun berdasarkan metode tinjauan pustaka. Hasil: Serat makanan memainkan peran penting dalam kontrol glukosa darah, terutama pada individu dengan pra-diabetes dan diabetes. Efek intrinsik serat makanan dalam mengurangi asupan energi dan mempromosikan penurunan berat badan juga penting dalam manajemen diabetes. Selain itu, efek usus besar dari serat makanan, yang meningkatkan fermentasi asam lemak rantai pendek dan mengurangi glukosa harian dan produksi asam lemak bebas, dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin dan mengurangi sekresi insulin. Kesimpulan: Serat pangan memiliki manfaat untuk mengontrol glukosa darah.
Deteksi Resistensi Piretroid Secara Bioassay dan Mutasi Gen kdr pada Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus Puti Reno Diandra K.; Hasmiwati Hasmiwati; Beni Indra; Selfi Renita Rusjdi; Wirsma Arif Harahap; Nice Rachmawati Masnadi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1217-1228.2023

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to detect the insecticide resistance by bioassay test and to detect the kdr mutation in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.Methods: This study was a narrative review that evaluated various articles related to detection of pyrethroid resistance by bioassay and mutation of the kdr gene in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus sourced from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest database.Results: The results of the study review show that almost the entire population of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus is already resistant to pyrethroid insecticide based on the bioassay detection using the WHO Susceptibility Test and CDC Bottle Assay protocols, and several variations of the kdr gene allele have been found, especially the V1016G, F1534C, and S989P genesConclusion: Ae. aegypti is resistant to pyrethroid insecticides, especially to deltamethrin and permethrin groups, Ae. albopictus are generally still in the susceptible status, and mutations in kdr gene are mostly found in the population of Ae. aegypti. The genotypes of the kdr that experienced many mutations are V1016G, F1534C, and S989P.
Pola sensitivitas kotrimoksazol terhadap bakteri penyebab infeksi saluran kemih pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 Shafira Kurnia Warianti; Mardhia Mardhia; Mahyarudin Mahyarudin
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1144-1151.2023

Abstract

Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sensitifitas kotrimoksazol terhadap bakteri penyebab Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK) pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan pada isolat bakteri penyebab ISK tersimpan dengan total 22 isolat bakteri. Uji sensitivitas antibiotik menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan panduan dari  Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Hasil uji sensitivitas dikategorikan sebagai sensitif (diameter ≥16 mm), intermediet (diameter 11-15 mm), dan resisten (diameter ≤10 mm). Hasil: Penelitian ini mendapatkan data bahwa bakteri penyebab ISK mengalami resistensi terhadap kotrimoksazol sebesar 59,09% dengan jumlah isolat sebanyak 15 dari 22 isolat uji. Resistensi kotrimoksazol ditemukan pada bakteri Escherichia coli (46,15%;6/13), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (80%;4/5), Enterobacter aerogenes (100%;2/2), Klebsiella (100%;1/1), dan sensitif terhadap Shigella (100%;1/1). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bakteri penyebab ISK pada pasien DM tipe 2 mengalami resistensi terhadap kotrimoksazol dengan persentase sebesar 46,15%-100%.
Gambaran Efektivitas Transfusi Thrombocyte Concentrate Pada Pasien Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Santril, Nitri Ramadhani
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 9 (2024): Supplementary Januari 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i9.p1452-1458.2024

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Transfusi trombosit pasien immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) diindikasikan pada kasus ITP dengan perdarahan. Transfusi trombosit pada pasien ITP tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan jumlah trombosit. Corrected count increment (CCI) merupakan penghitungan untuk menilai efektivitas transfusi trombosit. Efektif bila CCI 1 jam pasca transfusi >7,5 x 109/L dan CCI 24 jam >4,5 x 109/L. Tujuan: Mendapatkan gambaran efektivitas transfusi trombosit concentrate (TC) berdasarkan nilai CCI. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 31 pasien ITP yang mendapatkan transfusi TC Desember 2022- April 2023. Efektivitas transfusi dinilai berdasarkan nilai CCI 1 jam dan 24 jam pasca transfusi. Hasil: Median jumlah trombosit sebelum transfusi adalah 5,0 x 103/L. Median CCI (Min-Maks) 1 jam 1,88 (0,26-14,5) dan medianCCI 24 jam adalah 2,39 (0,26-15,89). Sebanyak 16,1% sampel efektif berdasarkan nilai CCI 1 jam dan 83,9% tidak efektif. Nilai CCI 24 jam pasca transfusi, 35,5% efektif dan 64,5% tidak efektif. Diskusi: Transfusi TC pada pasien ITP tidak efektif berdasarkan nilai CCI 1 jam dan 24 jam karena pendeknya masa hidup trombosit yang ditransfusikan akibat didestruksi oleh sistem imun. Simpulan: Efektivitas transfusi TC pasien ITP berdasarkan nilai CCI 1 jam pasca transfusi adalah 16,1% pasien dan CCI 24 jam adalah 35,5%. Transfusi trombosit pada ITP perlu indikasi tepat

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