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Scripta Biologica

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : - EISSN : 23553138 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Scripta Biologica is a peer reviewed open access electronic journal published by the Faculty of Biology Jenderal Soedirman University, publishes research papers encompasses all aspects of biology, including; molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics; physiology and reproduction; ecology and conservation; biodiversity, evolution, taxonomy, and biogeography.

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Articles 176 Documents

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DETEKSI KERAGAMAN SPESIES BAKTERI METANOGEN RUMEN SAPI MENGGUNAKAN KLONING GEN 16S rRNA DAN SEKUENSING Shoffiana Noor; Hendro Pramono; Saefuddin Aziz
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Ruminants produce methane gas which contributes to enhanced greenhouse effect in the atmosphere. Cattle issued the highest methane during the fermentation of feed in the rumen. Methane gas produced by methanogen bacteria in carbohydrates anaerobic fermentation. Methanogen bacteria are difficult to obtain diversity information because difficult cultured. One technique can be used is molecular rRNA 16S gene cloning and sequencing. This study was aims to determine the species diversity of methanogen bacteria in cattle's rumen using rRNA 16S gene cloning and sequencing technique by survey method. The results obtained 51 clones with 800 bp insert size length. The sequencing resulted 2 different sequences, ie 8-3L21 clone bacterium uncultured and BBS-12 clone methanogens rumen uncultured rRNA 16S gene partial sequence with 99% and 100% similarity. The Genus sequences for gene 1 and 3 were Prevotella (24%), Clostridium (1.5%), and other uncultured bacteria, whereas the 2 gene sequences of species was Methanobrevibacter ruminantium (21.83%), M. millerae (29.17%), M. gottschalkii (6.47%), Methanosphaera stadtmanae, and Methanobacterium alcaliphilum. This research provides scientific information about cattle rumen methanogen bacteria species diversity which can be used as a basis for control of cattle rumen methanogen bacteria.

ANALISIS VEGETASI KAWASAN KARST GOMBONG SELATAN KEBUMEN JAWA TENGAH Arfiani Salam Suhendar; Edy Yani; Pudji Widodo
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Karst area is a well-developed porosity landscape with a specific condition as a result of soluble rock development through a process of karstification. The karst soil has low nutrients, but high calcium and magnesium content. Due to its unique environmental characteristics, karst vegetation differs from other areas. This study aimed to determine the community structure and species composition of vegetation in the karst area of Gombong Selatan and to compare the environmental factors affecting the plant of the karst area. This study was conducted in the border of Watukelir and Pakuran Villages. The method was a survey with sampling quadrat sizes used of 10 x 10 m for trees, 5 x 5 m for saplings, and 2 x 2 m for understorey vegetation. The variables observed were plant species and number of trees, saplings, and understorey. The environmental factors measured were air temperature, humidity, soil pH, and soil moisture. Data were analyzed using Importance Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wienner Diversity Index (H’), Evenness Index (E), and Similarity Index (IS). The results showed there were 22 species of understoreys, five species of saplings, and seven species of trees. The understoreys were found dominated by Axonopus compressus dan Cyperus rotundus, in the other category, Tectona grandis and Albizia chinensis were dominated saplings and trees. Humidity and soil moisture were suggested the important environmental factors for plant diversity in karst area of Gombong Selatan

THE FIRST REPORT OF THE DIVERSITY OF ENSIFERA (INSECTA: ORTHOPTERA) FROM ROKAN HULU DISTRICT, RIAU PROVINCE Sutrisno Syahlan; Rofiza Yolanda; Riki Riharji Lubis
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of the suborder Ensifera in Dusun 3, Rambah Hilir Tengah, Rambah Hilir Sub-District, Rokan Hulu District, Riau Province, Indonesia. The study was conducted from September 2015 to January 2016 at six sampling locations by sweep net and hand picking at day and night hours. We recorded 17 species of the Ensifera belonging to 12 genera, 2 families, and 10 subfamilies. The diversity comprised of Conochepalus maculatus, Conochepalus melaenus, Conochepalus sp., Elbenia sp., Elimaea sp., Euscyrtus concinnus, Hexacentrus unicolor, Loxoblemus parabolicus, Mecopoda elongate, Mecopoda sp., Nisitrus vittatus, Orthelimaea sp., Podoscirtinae species 1 (unidentified), Teleogryllus emma, Teleogryllus sp., Trellius sp. and Xabea sp. The C. maculatus and E. concinnus were the predominant species in this study.

KEPERCAYAAN LOKAL DAN KONSERVASI: TITIK TEMU ANTARA STARTEGI TRADISIONAL DAN MODERN DALAM KONSERVASI DAN PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA DI PULAU SUMBA Mohammad Fathi Royyani; Oscar Efendy; Andria Agusta
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2018.5.3.703

Kepercayaan lokal adalah salah satu jembatan yang menghubungkan antara pengetahuan yang ada di masyarakat dengan management pengelolaan kawasan konservasi, melalui Sacred site yang terbukti masih tetap lestari dan dijaga secara kolektif. Sacred site adalah wujud dari ekspresi kepercayaan lokal terhadap kekuatan adikodrati. Di tempat ini, jatidiri dan identitas kepercayaan ditambatkan. Mempertimbangkan efektifitas dalam menjaga kawasan maka negara, melalui aktor yang ada di dalamnya, mengadopsi system tersebut untuk diterapkan dalam management lingkungan. Artikel ini akan menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan tradisional masyarakat dalam mengelola lingkungan bisa digunakan sebagai optik dan jembatan dalam melihat dan mengatasi dikotomi antara modern-tradisional dan alam-manusia. Tidak ada yang tradisional dan tidak ada yang modern.

ANALISIS TAKSOMETRI Anthurium SCHOTT (ARACEAE) Muhammad Falah; Pudji Widodo; Hexa Apriliana Hidayah
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Anthurium Schott is one of the commercial ornamental plants in Indonesia. This genus has a high morphological variation amongst its species. This study aims to determine the similarity relationship amongst Anthurium based on morphological characters including stems, leaves, and inflorescences. This study was carried out from June to July 2012 in several locations in Purwokerto and Baturraden area, and Balai Benih Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (B2TPH) Banyumas Regency. This study used explorative method with purposive random sampling. The results of the analysis using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) showed that there were 17 taxa which can be classified into 4 groups. Group I consisted of A. andraeanum “Renoir Pink”, A. andraeanum “Safari”, A. andraeanum “White”, A. andraeanum “Tropical”, A. andraeanum “cv. 1”, A. andraeanum “Amigo”, and A. nymphaeifolium. Group II consisted of A. pedatoradiatum ssp. helleborifolium, A. crystallinum, A. andicola “Kuku Bima” and A. andicola “Red List”. Group III consisted of A. crassinervium “Crispimarginatum” and A. plowmanii. Group IV consisted of A. hookeri “Garuda”, A. hookeri “Red Hookeri”, A. bonplandii ssp. guayanum, and A. jenmanii. Group I was the sister group of Group II, as well as Group III to Group IV. The closest similarity relationship was between A. andraeanum “Renoir Pink” and A. andraeanum “Safari”, whereas the farthest one was between A. bonplandii ssp. guayanum and A. andraeanum “Tropical”.

STUDI PERILAKU GAJAH SUMATERA, Elephas maximus sumatranus UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEGIATAN EKOWISATA DI PUSAT KONSERVASI GAJAH TAMAN NASIONAL WAY KAMBAS Annisa Salsabila; Gunardi Djoko Winarno; Arief Darmawan
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Studies of Sumatran elephant behavior that include the typical behavior of each elephant individual is significant to support ecotourism activities. Information on the elephant behavior obtained by scientific observation can be presented to tourists to provide exciting insights and knowledge during their visit to the Way Kambas Elephant Conservation Center (PKG). This study aimed to determine elephant behavior based on gender, age, the origin of capture, the training time, and also to examine the elephant behavior in supporting ecotourism activities in PKG Way Kambas. The results indicated that the behavior of Sumatran elephants could be determined by sex, age, the origin of capture, and the training period. The male elephant has a more aggressive response than female elephants. The mahout efficiently instructed the adult elephants than the baby, toddlers, and youngsters elephants. The elephant's behavior born in PKG compared to those from capture in the wild were different. Those born in PKG were easier to tame than elephants from outside PKG. Duration of training was also influential to elephants behavior, the longer they were trained, the tamer the elephants. The training was prepared to elephants so that the elephants can be safely presented and familiar to tourist to raise fund for PKG primarily to support the elephant caring and handling.

AKTIVITAS PROTEASE DAN AMILASE PADA HEPATOPANKREAS DAN INTESTINE IKAN NILEM Osteochilus hasselti C.V. Syarifah Fauziah Al Gadri; Untung Susilo; Slamet Priyanto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Ikan Nilem (Osteochilus hasselti C.V) merupakan ikan omnivora dari familia Cyprinidae. Jenis pakan yang dikonsumsi berkaitan dengan alat pencernaan yang dimilikinya. Pencernaan pada ikan tersebut terjadi di dalam usus halus dan berlangsung secara enzimatis. Enzim-enzim yang aktif pada saluran pencernaannya adalah protease dan amilase yang dihasilkan oleh pankreas dan hepatopankreas. Aktivitas enzim pencernaan diketahui dengan mengukur banyaknya mikromol maltosa dan tirosin yang dihasilkan per menit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan aktivitas protease dan amilase pada hepatopankreas dan intestine ikan Nilem (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan nantinya akan digunakan sebagai dasar formulasi pemberian pakan yang cocok untuk ikan omnivora salah satunya adalah ikan Nilem (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.). Materi yang digunakan adalah ikan Nilem berukuran 9-16 cm dengan bobot 5-50 gram. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode survey dengan purposive random sampling dengan rancangan percobaan berupa Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan pola faktorial 3x4 dan empat kali pengulangan. Sampel dikelompokkan menjadi tiga ukuran yang berbeda dengan bobot 5-10 g dan panjang 9-10 cm, 11-25 g dan panjang 11-12 cm dan 35-50 g dengan panjang 13-16 cm. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu one way analisis of variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT). Hasil uji BNT menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas protease dan amilase ikan Nilem tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dengan ukuran tubuh ikan. Aktivitas protease dan amilase ikan Nilem berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan organ pencernaan. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara aktivitas protease dan amilase dengan ukuran tubuh ikan Nilem; serta ada hubungan antara aktivitas protease dan amilase dengan organ pencernaan ikan Nilem.

PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA KE DALAM PENGENCER TRIS KUNING TELUR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS SEMEN BEKU KAMBING PERANAKAN ETTAWA Bowo Siswandoko; Siti Zaenab; Husamah Husamah
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The success of artificial insemination is determined by the quality of the frozen semen used. Free radicals and cold shock may reduce the quality of frozen semen. These can be prevented or reduced by the addition of antioxidants. Dragon fruit skin extract is rich in natural antioxidants. This study is aimed to analyze the effect of the addition of dragon fruit skin extract on quality (motility, viability, and abnormality) of frozen goat semen. The most effective concentration in frozen semen. The true experimental research was used with the posttest-only control group design. Data analysis was done by using One Way ANOVA followed by Duncan's test of 0.5% assisted by SPSS 22. The research was conducted in May–June 2017 at BBIB Singosari, Malang. The result showed that 0.50% concentration gave the highest motility (26.00 ± 6.51%) and the lowest abnormality (5.6 ± 2.7%), while at 0.75% gave the highest viability (61.60 ± 8.11%). It can be concluded that there is a significant effect (p < 0.05) addition of dragon fruit’s rind extract to the frozen semen quality (motility, viability, and abnormality) of ettawa goat and the most effective extract concentration varies on each quality parameter.

ANALISIS KONDISI HABITAT DAN PERAKARAN TUMBUHAN BAWAH PADA DAERAH TERBUKA DAN DI BAWAH TEGAKAN CEMARA UDANG DI PESISIR LEMBUPURWO, KEBUMEN Winastuti Dwi Atmanto; Hesti Wulan Ndari; Sri Danarto
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Coastal areas with sandy soil structure without trees have high temperature and salinity, strong wind, as well as minimum nutrient content. The limitation of the environment conditions affects the variety of undergrowth. This research aims to figure out the composition, distribution patterns, habitat conditions and rooting from undergrowth species which are found in coastal sandy areas at Lemburpurwo. The research was conducted using line transect method defined by systematic sampling with random start. The observations of undergrowth were carried out on 3 types of treads near from the sea, under and behind Cemara Udang stands. Paths are made perpendicular within approximately 53 m from the shoreline and the distance between lines is 95 m. Each track was divided into segments in the form of 2x2 m2 plots which were laid out diagonally between plots for undergrowth observation. 81 plots were taken, where the size of the area is 72960 m2. Undergrowth plant species were identified, the length and number of roots were measured, environmental conditions and soil quality including pH, DHL, N total content, P and K available were observed. Lembupurwo coastal sandy area consists of 20 species of 13 plant families with 3 types of random distribution pattern and 17 types of clustered distribution pattern. Spinifex littoralis has the longest root as well as the largest number of roots, especially in open areas. The pH values and electrical conductivity below the stands of 6.41; 32,23 µs/cm are lower when compared to locations near the sea. N-total and P available under stands are available 0,03%; 5,05 ppm which is higher than the other two locations.

KUALITAS AIR WADUK PENJALIN BERDASARKAN STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROBENTHOS Ratih Junika Widjaja Putri; Carmudi Carmudi; Anastasia Endang Pulungsari
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Macrobenthos is one of the biotic water constituent and can be used as bioindicator in determining water quality conditions. Water quality can be seen in terms of community structure of macrobenthos. The present study aimed to determine the physical and chemical water qualities in Penjalin Reservoir and to know the community structure of macrobenthos contained in the waters of Penjalin Reservoir. Community structure includes Density (organism/m2), Relative Density, Dominance Index (C) and Diversity Index (H ') as well as to determine the relationship between the water quality (physical and chemical) and the macrobenthos density. The physical and chemical qualities of Penjalin Reservoir water was good based on class III water quality standard according to PP No. 82 Ttahun 2001. Based on observation, 11 macrobenthos were obtained. Diversity Index (H') based on the criteria of Lee et al. (1978) showed moderate values (2.07 to 1.66) suggesting a low contamination level. The relationship of macrobenthos density and its chemical and physical quality of water pH, temperature, light penetration, depth, DO, BOD was weak, but had strong relationship with TSS. The results showed a linear regression equation Y = 898.76 X - 236.946 (Y = density and X = TSS) which could be interpreted that the more value of macrobenthos density the higher value of TSS contained in the water.

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