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Efta Triastuti
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Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University Jalan Veteran (Kampus Sumbersari) Malang 65145 Tel. (0341) 569117ext 156, 173 ; Fax. (0341) 564755 Website : http://www.pji.ub.ac.id Email :pji@ub.ac.id
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INDONESIA
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2461114X     EISSN : 2461114X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.pji
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia (PJI) is an online journal which is published twice a year by Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University. The articles published in PJI cover the themes of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Technology, and Natural Product Pharmacy/Chemistry.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 155 Documents
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Systematic Literature Review: Efektivitas Ekstrak Kopi sebagai Antioksidan dalam Mengatasi Photoaging Ratri, Oktavia Lestyaning; Ebtavanny, Tamara Gusti; Puspita, Oktavia Eka
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2021.007.01.9

Abstract

Aging of the skin due to exposure of UV rays is referred as photoaging.  Photoaging causes dry skin, wrinkles, darker skin pigmentation, and reduced skin firmness. The effect of photoaging can be treated by compounds that have antioxidant activity. Coffee contains polyphenols (caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid) which can inhibit the formation of ROS free radicals. This makes coffee an antioxidant potential in photoaging treatment. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of coffee extract as an antioxidant in photoaging treatment. The method used in this study is Systematic Literature Review. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the Harzing's Publish or Perish application on several databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Crossref using the keywords "coffee AND antioxidant AND ultraviolet AND photoaging". The article selection flow used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The total search results were 1202 articles, and there were 6 research articles that matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria that had been set. The results of this study concluded that coffee extract can be used as an antioxidant in photoaging treatment. The effectiveness of coffee extract as an antioxidant in photoaging treatment was demonstrated by reducing the expression of MMPs, increasing the expression of type 1 procollage, reducing the area of wrinkles, and reducing TEWL. Coffee leaf extract decreased the expression of MMPs (MMP-1 ¯ 50%, MMP-3 ¯ 10% to 60%, MMP-9 ¯ 30% to 50%) and increased type 1 procollagen 60%. Coffee bean extract decreased the expression of MMPs (MMP-1 ¯ 5% to 60%, MMP-2 ¯ 20% to 60%, MMP-3 ¯  30%, MMP-9 ¯ 20% to 70%, MMP-13 ¯ 30% to 45%), increased type 1 procollagen 10% to 60%, reduced wrinkle area 20% to 88%, and decreased TEWL 10% to 20%.
Surveilans Retrospektif Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Anak Dengan Luka Bakar Putra, Oki Nugraha; Saputro, Iswinarno D; Nurhalisa, Hardiana D; Yuliana, Erma
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2021.007.01.4

Abstract

Luka bakar merupakan salah satu bentuk trauma dengan tingkat risiko infeksi yang tinggi. Modalitas utama pada infeksi akibat luka bakar ialah pemberian antibiotik. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien luka bakar anak secara kualitatif menggunakan metode Gyssens dan secara kuantitatif menggunakan metode ATC/defined daily dose (DDD). Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif melalui data rekam medik pasien luka bakar anak yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang dirawat di RSUD Dr. Soetomo pada tahun 2017-2019. Data diambil pada bulan November 2019 hingga Maret 2020. Didapatkan 18 pasien luka bakar anak yang memenuhi kategori inklusi. Antibiotik terbanyak yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu ceftazidime sebesar 64,28%. Berdasarkan metode Gyssens didapatkan 27,77% antibiotik berada dalam kategori sudah sesuai dan sisanya termasuk dalam kategori kurang tepat dengan 84,6% termasuk kategori IIa (tidak tepat dosis) dan 15,4% termasuk kategori IVa (antibiotik lain yang lebih efektif). Berdasarkan metode ATC DDD, didapatkan nilai total DDD /100 patients-days sebesar 88,92 DDD/100patient-days dengan ceftazidime merupakan antibiotik dengan nilai terbesar yaitu 23,03 DDD/100 patient-days. Jenis antibiotik yang termasuk dalam DU 90% adalah ceftazidime (23,03), ampicillin-sulbactam (15,45), ceftriaxon (13,65), amikacin (11,91), gentamicin (9,67) dan meropenem (8,51). Kesimpulannya ialah secara kualitatif penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien luka bakar anak masih kurang sesuai dan secara kuantitatif penggunaan antibiotik melebihi standar WHO. Diperlukan perbaikan dalam rangka meningkatkan rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien luka bakar anak.Kata Kunci: Antibiotik, Luka Bakar, Anak, Gyssens, Defined Daily Dose 
Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Acetate and Cream Formulation of Coleus atropurpureus leaves Against Staphylococcus aureus Tarigan, Indra Lasmana; Muadifah, Afidatul; Susanto, Nindita Clourisa Clourisa Amaris; Huda, Choirul
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2021.007.01.1

Abstract

Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) bacteria reaching 70% of cases in Asia and can attack and survive in epithelial cells including endothelial cells. Attempts to overcome the infection caused by Sa by giving antibiotics, which work as antibacterial. Myana (Coleus atropurpureus L. Benth) leaves contain several active compounds that might act as antibacterial agents. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity of Coleus Extract in vitro and to evaluate the formulation of the extract cream against the bacteria causing infection, Sa. Coleus leaves ethyl acetate extract contains alkaloids and tannins, the absorbance of Sa at the 3rd hour was getting smaller, from 0.668 to 0.552, this showed that the longer the incubation time of the extract against bacterial inoculation, the more bacteria died. Our cream formulation with criteria: the pH value, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and protection power. Our cream formulation results were then evaluated based on the standard, with criteria: the pH value, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and protection power. It seems that our cream is per the cream standards. It is semi-solid, brownish-white in color, smells typical of Coleus, and pH 6. Moreover, the cream is homogeneous with 5 cm of spreadability, 7 seconds for adhesion, and colorless. Moreover, we found that Coleus extract cream has better antibacterial activity than positive control with a wound closure time of 7-14 days for extract while more than 14 days for positive control.
Rapid screening analysis of antioxidant activities in green tea products using DPPH and FRAP Setiawan, Vendra; Phangestu, Sherlly; Soetikno, Agatha Grace; Arianti, Angelina; Kohar, Indrajati
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2021.007.01.2

Abstract

Free radicals are formed inside and outside the body. Free radicals inside the body can be created in the cell compartments. The reactions are complex through the initiation, propagation, and termination stages. On the other hand, free radicals in the outer body can be formed from pollutions and environmental damage action.  Excessive free radicals cause oxidative stress and use destructive cellular to affect health conditions. Antioxidants are known as essential agents in biological systems against diseases triggered by free radicals. One of the many antioxidants found in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) is polyphenols. A colorimetry method was employed to evaluate the dominant antioxidant compound of the total phenolic and flavonoid content in two selected tea products. The total phenolic content was determined by utilizing the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. In addition, an aluminum colorimetric assay is applied to assess flavonoid content. Rapid screening of antioxidant activity using a spectrophotometric method is employed to determine IC50 values of tea extracts utilizing DPPH and FRAP. The FRAP method showed more sensitivity in determining antioxidant activities with the feasibility of working in low analyte concentrations than the DPPH method. The high total phenolic and flavonoid contents found in this experiment are in line with low IC50 values. It was also found out that brewed green tea has lower total phenol content than green tea bags.
Differential Effects of Albumin Infusion between ICU and Non-ICU Hypoalbuminemia Patients Mariana, Nina; Wijaya, Surya Oto; Setyawati, Rumaisah; Maemun, Siti; Nafrialdi, Nafrialdi
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2021.007.01.3

Abstract

Background: Hypoalbuminemia is frequent among hospitalized patients and is associated with poor outcomes. ICU patients are widely associated with more severe condition making albumin correction seems to be less effective. This study was aimed to compare the results of albumin correction in ICU and non-ICU patients at Sulianti Saroso Hospital, Jakarta. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on adult patients in ICU and non-ICU wards who received intravenous albumin infusion at Sulianti Saroso hospital, between January 2013 to March 2018. Paired t-test was used to analyze the changes of albumin level before and after albumin infusion. Results: 123 ICU patients (41 sepsis, 82 non-sepsis) and 206 non-ICU patients (34 sepsis, 172 non-sepsis) who received 20% or 25% albumin infusions were included. Significant increase in albumin levels were observed in sepsis patients both in ICU and non-ICU, while in non-sepsis patients, the significant increase only observed in non-sepsis patients. Overall, mean increase in albumin levels in ICU-and non-ICU patients were 0.13 (0.63) g/dL vs 0.35(0.54) g/dL, respectively (P= < 0,001). Conclusion: Non-ICU patients show better response to albumin infusion compared to ICU patients. This difference is presumably due to different degree of inflammation. It is suggested that the quantity needed for albumin infusion is calculated differently according to clinical condition of the patients   
ANALISIS COST OF ILLNESS PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS DENGAN TERAPI GLIMEPIRIDE-METFORMIN RAWAT JALAN PESERTA BPJS DI PUSKESMAS KETAPANG II KOTA SAMPIT Apriliana, Nur Ghina; Pristianty, Liza; Hidayati, Ika Ratna
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2023.008.02.5

Abstract

Background : Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects the costs incurred by patients during illness. The financing issued for the treatment of diabetes mellitus diseases can be measured using Cost of Illness analysis.Research Objectives : To find out the total cost of treatment of diabetes mellitus patients BPJS participants with Glymepiride-Metformin therapy for one year.Method : This study used a non-probability sampling technique with an accidental sampling method. This research conducted at Ketapang II Health Center with sample total 45 people. The instrument used a structured interview which was previously tested for validity. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel.Result and Conclusion : The estimate total cost of treatment of diabetes mellitus with outpatient glimepiride-metformin therapy of Indonesia Health Insurance participants at Ketapang II Health Center in Sampit city for one year is Rp.623.760 - Rp.4.475.520. The direct medical cost per patient is Rp.143.760 - Rp.2.787.120. Non-medical direct cost is Rp.0 - Rp.188.400. Indirect cost is Rp.480.000 - Rp.1.500.000. High cost are more expensive but the frequency of visits and patient compliance are orderly so that the therapeutic effect achieved is good, while the low cost is cheaper but the frequency of patient visits and patient compliance are not orderly so that the therapeutic effect achieved is less good and not maximal.
Efektivitas Rifapentine Pada Pasien Dewasa Dengan Latent Tuberculosis infection : Sebuah Kajian Sistematis Annisa, Sandra; Herawati, Fauna
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2023.008.02.9

Abstract

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit yang dapat menular akibat tingkat kesehatan yang buruk. Terjadinya infeksi TB pada seseorang yang imunitas tubuhnya baik umumnya dapat menghentikan petumbuhan bakteri TB, tapi terkadang ada sebagian bakteri yang tinggal persisten di dalam tubuh atau terjadi dormant dan imunitas tubuh tidak mampu menghentikan pertumbuhan bakteri TB. Sehingga yang terjadi dalam beberapa bulan seseorang bisa menjadi pasien positif TB. Pada tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas rifapentine pada pasien dengan Latent Tubercolosis infection (LTBI) serta penggunaannya dengan rejimen lain. Proses penelusuran pustaka dilakukan dengan database PubMed pada awal Januari 2011 sampai dengan Januari 2021. Dengan menggunakan kata kunci “ Effectiveness Rifapentine” dan  Tuberculosis  yang modifikasikan menggunakan operator Boolean yaitu “AND”. Keseluruhan penelitan yang ditemukan dalam kajian ini sebanyak 17 penelitian dari berbagai negara, dan belum ditemukan penelitian yang dilakukan di Indonesia. Dari hasil kajian ini  penggunaan terapi dengan kombinasi rifapentine (P) dan isoniazid (H) yang diberikan selama tiga bulan dengan dosis sekali seminggu (disebut 3HP) efektivitasnya sangat baik pada pasien LTBI dan dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan penderita karena pemberian rejimen yang lebih pendek  dan menurunkan resiko hepatotosisitas pada penderita dengan riwayat penyakit hati kronis atau peningkatan SGOT.
Efektivitas dan keamanan terapi dengan rejimen yang mengandung linezolid dalam pengobatan multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): Kajian Sistematik Puspa Sari, Gusti Ayu Putu Laksmi
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2023.008.02.10

Abstract

ABSTRAKTujuan: Meninjau efektivitas dan keamanan terapi dengan rejimen yang mengandung linezolid dalam pengobatan multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).Sumber data: Menggunakan basis data PubMed, Cochrane dan ScienceDirect.Metode review:  Penelusuran pustaka tanpa pembatasan tipe penelitian maupun tahun publikasi dimana artikel terpublikasi hingga tanggal 14 Maret 2021 dilibatkan dalam kajian literatur ini. Proses penelusuran pustaka dilakukan menggunakan basis data PubMed, Cochrane dan ScienceDirect dengan kata kunci “linezolid”, “treatment”, “tuberculosis” dan “multi drug resistant” yang dikombinasikan dengan Boolean operator yaitu “AND”.Hasil: Total tujuh penelitian diikutsertakan dalam kajian akhir. Linezolid menunjukkan memiliki khasiat terhadap pasien MDR-TB dengan tingkat keberhasilan pengobatan pada kelompok terapi linezolid jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada kelompok kontrol (tidak menggunakan linezolid). Namun efek samping yang banyak terjadi dikategorikan sebagai hematologi, gastrointestinal, neurologis dan dermatologi yang umumnya terjadi setelah penggunaan 278 hari. Diare parah dan mual tidak lama setelah memulai pengobatan dirasakan pada 12,5% pasien. Efek samping utama yang dikaitkan dengan linezolid (anemia, trombositopenia dan/atau polineuropati), yang umumnya membutuhkan penghentian dilaporkan dalam 1 artiket dan membutuhkan penghentian dalam 27 (77%) kasus. Efek samping yang paling utama adalah Neuropati perifer, sehingga perlu untuk dilakukan monitoring dilaporkan oleh 5 artikel dalam kajian akhir.Kesimpulan: Bukti yang tersedia menunjukkan linezolid efektif terhadap pengobatan TB-MDR. Diperlukan pemantauan ketat efek samping utama neurotoksisitas(neuropati perifer atau optik). Untuk meminimalkan efek samping dan meningkatkan hasil klinis, dosis tinggi gabungan (1200 mg setiap hari) untuk fase intensif diikuti dengan dosis yang lebih rendah (300-600 mg setiap hari) untuk fase berkelanjutan diusulkan bersama dengan monitoring efek samping. Kata Kunci: Keamanan; Khasiat; Linezolid; Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB); Tolerabilitas
Efektivitas Edible Coating Spray Gel Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera) dan Daun Sirih (Piper betle) Sebagai Sanitizer Pangan Azmi, Afif Fadhil; Kamil, Insan; Maulidia, Yuninta; Fahiratunnisa, Namira Alifah; Pramita, Julianti; Sari, Rafika
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2023.008.02.7

Abstract

Daun sirih dan lidah buaya memiliki sifat antibakteri yang dibuktikan dengan adanya kandungan zat aktif dan senyawa organik lainnya. Aktivitas antibakteri pada kedua tanaman tersebut dipengaruhi oleh adanya metabolit sekunder seperti glukomanan dan fenol yang ada pada lidah buaya serta fenol, saponin dan flavonoid pada daun sirih. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui mekanisme serta aktivitas kombinasi gel lidah buaya dan daun sirih dalam bentuk sediaan edible coating spray sebagai sanitizer pangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental murni (true experiment design) in vitro dengan desain rancangan acak lengkap (completely randomized design). Kemudian, untuk menguji kinerja aktivitas antibakteri digunakan metode difusi kertas cakram terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat aktivitas penghambatan dari sediaan terhadap kedua bakteri uji. Zona hambat yang paling besar dimiliki oleh sediaan dengan konsentrasi 100% dengan kategori hambat sangat kuat terhadap Escherichia coli dan kategori kuat pada Staphylococcus aureus. Uji one way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan Post Hoc Test menunjukkan angka signifikan p<0,05 yang merepresentasikan adanya perbedaan bermakna pada kebusukan buah terhadap perlakuan kontrol dengan konsentrasi 100%, sedangkan terhadap perlakuan kontrol dengan konsentrasi 50% dan konsentrasi 30% tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, maka sediaan dalam bentuk edible coating spray efektif meningkatkan ketahanan pangan di masa pandemi dan mengurangi angka kerugian bagi para petani buah dan sayur.
The RELATIONSHIP OF COMMON COLD KNOWLEDGE LEVEL WITH COMMON COLD SELFMEDICATION BEHAVIOR IN NON-HEALTH FACULTY STUDENTS AT MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY, YOGYAKARTA Utami, Pinasti
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2023.008.02.3

Abstract

According to the 2016 National Health Survey, 72.44 percent of people self-medicate, and according to the Bantul District Health Office's 2019 Health Profile, acute nasopharyngitis (common cold) was among the top 10 disorders with 84,142 patients. Self-medication must be accompanied by sound knowledge in order for treatment to be effective and sensible. The goal of this study was to see if there's a link between having a good understanding of the common cold and self-medication for the common cold in non-health faculty students at the University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. The common cold knowledge level questionnaire and the common cold self-medication behavior questionnaire were used in this study. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the data. According to the findings of this study, respondents' degree of knowledge on self-medication for the common cold is known, with 84.5 percent of respondents falling into the category of good knowledge and 15.5 percent falling into the category of sufficient knowledge. 82.3 percent of respondents are in the good conduct category, 12.5 percent are in the moderate behavior area, and 5.4 percent are in the poor behavior category when it comes to common cold self-medication activity. The correlation test revealed a significant correlation value (p-value 0.005) and a correlation coefficient of 0.141 between knowledge level and self-medication behavior. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that there is a link between common cold knowledge and self-medication behavior in non-health faculty students at the University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.

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