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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Klinik Indonesia
ISSN : 08544263     EISSN : 24774685     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.24293
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,328 Documents
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A Descriptive Study: Evaluation of Delayed Laboratory Testing in Emergency Room Kurniawan, Linny Luciana; Dyah Indrasari, Nuri; Solin, Ro Shinta Christina
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i1.2258

Abstract

          Precision, accuracy, and short turnaround time (TAT) are important to improve the quality and effectiveness of laboratory services in the Emergency Room (ER). Several studies reported an average of 60% the ratio of anticoagulant to sample is not appropriate, lysis, and clotted samples occurred in the pre-analytical part. This part consisted of the request/registration of laboratory tests, patient preparation, specimen collection, and transportation to the central laboratory. The aim of this research is to evaluate the cause of the long TAT for laboratory research so as to obtain problem solving based on the target. This observational study was conducted in 2021 at the ER laboratory outlet. Observations were made started from the workload carried out by the laboratory technician, sample registration, and data collection from the Laboratory Information System (LIS). The study obtained 14.709 samples from the LIS at the Clinical Pathology Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The highest sample rejection rate was from the ER laboratory outlet due to specimen lysis (2.79%). The average time required for re-collecting specimens was around 2-2.5 hours. This rejection was below the minimum quality standards based on the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC). Other problems include the limited number of medical laboratory experts compared to the workload also inefficient Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) registration methods. The main problem of delayed laboratory testing in the emergency department is the pre-analytical part including sample registration and rejection specimens. That rejection mostly comes from lysis specimens, which caused invalid laboratory result.
The Correlation between Interleukin-6 and D-dimer in Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients Prihatni, Delita; Supriatin, Lastri; Suraya, Nida; Andriyoko, Basti
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i1.2263

Abstract

Severe and critical COVID-19 patients are known to experience hyperinflammatory conditions and endothelial damage primarily characterized by increased levels of IL-6 and D-dimer. This group of patients is also considered at risk of experiencing hemostasis disorders including decreased platelet counts, prolonged PT and APTT, as well as increased fibrinogen. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the correlation between IL-6 and D-dimer in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. The relationship between IL-6 and other hemostasis parameters such as platelet count, PT, APTT, and fibrinogen were also analyzed. A descriptive-correlative observational design was used with a retrospective cross-sectional approach. The subjects were severe and critical COVID-19 patients at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung treated between January to December 2021 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Secondary data were taken from medical records and the Laboratory Information System (LIS). Correlation analysis between IL-6 and D-dimer as well as hemostasis parameters was carried out using the Spearman test. The results showed that among the total 167 subjects, the median age was 60 years. The number of male subjects was 110 (65.86%), while the most common comorbidity was hypertension (45.51%). The analysis showed a very weak and insignificant correlation between IL-6 and platelets (r= -0.044; p=0.571), IL-6 and PT (r=0.115; p=0.137), IL-6 and APTT (r=0.109; p=0.159), as well as IL-6 and fibrinogen (r= -0.087; p=0.264). However, the correlation between IL-6 and D-dimer was significant (r= 0.199; p=0.010). Interleukin-6 did not correlate with hemostasis parameters but correlated with D-dimer. This means that IL-6 and D-dimer may provide information about the inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients and help monitor disease progression.
Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Coagulopathy Predictor in COVID-19 Patients at Margono Soekarjo Hospital Siswandari, Wahyu; Saksana, Rachmad Aji; Indriani, Vitasari; Fuadi, Muhammad Robiul
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i1.2268

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease possibly attacking various organs and systems of the body including the coagulation system causing coagulopathy. Various laboratory biomarkers have been developed to detect coagulopathy. This research aimed to determine the correlation and ability of Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) in predicting coagulopathy when compared to D-dimer. A cross-sectional research was conducted on 1580 data of COVID-19 patients at Margono Soekarjo Hospital. The research data were then analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test to figure out the correlation between PLR and D-dimer. This research was also intended to find the PLR Cut-Off Value (COV), Odds Ratio (OR), Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC), and diagnostic value. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio value had a significant correlation with D-dimer levels (r=0.260, p=0.000). The COV of PLR was 176.61 with the OR of 2.7 (2.2-3.3 95%CI), AUROC of 0.638, sensitivity of 62%, and specificity of 62%. PLR can be used as a screening biomarker to predict the occurrence of coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients.
Analysis Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Monocyte-to- Lymphocyte Ratios in Pediatric Respiratory Infections Suraidah, Suraidah; Handayani, Irda; Kadir, Nursin Abdul
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i1.2271

Abstract

           Indonesia ranks third among countries with the highest tuberculosis (TB) cases worldwide. Pneumonia also stands as a leading cause of death among infants in developing nations. The delay in diagnosing and the challenges in distinguishing TB and pneumonia have significant impacts on elevated morbidity and mortality rates. Both Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) serve as inflammatory biomarkers utilized for rapid and straightforward bacteremia evaluation. This study aimed to analyze the difference between NLR and MLR in diagnosing of TB and pneumonia in children. This study was retrospective cross-sectional research utilizing secondary data at the time of initial diagnosis by a clinician as TB or pneumonia. Subjects with TB and/or pneumonia were treated at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar from January 2017 to December 2021. The research sample consisted of 150 patients with pediatric patients with pneumonia. Statistical analyses involved the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). This study examined NLR and MLR as supportive biomarkers for diagnosing TB and pneumonia. The NLR (AUC 0.674) and MLR (AUC 0.63) values in TB subjects were reasonably good in distinguishing between TB diagnosis and healthy subjects. The NLR (AUC 0.77) and MLR (AUC 0.787) values were effective in distinguishing pneumonia diagnosis from healthy control with better sensitivity and specificity compared to TB subjects. However, NLR (AUC 0.401) and MLR (AUC 0.384) values were not recommended to distinguish pneumonia from tuberculosis due to low AUC and extremely low sensitivity and specificity. The NLR and MLR values cannot be used to differentiate TB and pneumonia in children due to their low sensitivity and specificity.
Comparison of Molecular Testing Methods in Detecting Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Yanika, Grevy; Alamanda, Cut Nur Cinthia; Rachman, Rifky Waluyajati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i1.2295

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious disease-related deaths in Indonesia, and the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decline in TB reporting and an increase in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB). While traditional culture and Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) takes 2-8 weeks, therefore, genotypic assays such as GeneXpert, Line Probe Assay (LPA), and sequencing offer faster and more precise diagnosis and drug resistance information.
Correlation Analysis between Platelet Aggregation and Neurological Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke Patients Nurindar, Muyadhil; Muhiddin, Rachmawati A.; Muhadi, Darwati; Muis, Abdul; Nurulita, Asvin; Patellongi, Ilham Jaya
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i1.2336

Abstract

Ischemic stroke is a condition triggered by cerebral perfusion disorders with the risk factor of blood clotting disorders that can cause neurological deficits through a complex pathophysiological process of thrombus formation. The role of platelet aggregation as a blood clotting parameter has the potential to be used as a marker for the level of neurological deficit in patients with ischemic stroke in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The study aimed to observe the correlation between platelet aggregation and the degree of neurological deficit calculated using NIHSS. The study utilized a cross-sectional design with 51 research subjects diagnosed with ischemic stroke based on CT Scan results, followed by platelet aggregation testing. Patients with a diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke and cardiogenic ischemic stroke were excluded from this study. This study found variations in platelet aggregation among groups with different degrees of stroke severity. However, it was not statistically significant (p=0.427). Correlation analysis showed a mild positive correlation between platelet aggregation and the degree of neurological deficit (r=0.157), although it was not statistically significant (p=0.270). There are variations in platelet aggregation in assessing neurological deficits using NIHSS. There is a positive correlation between the percentage of platelet aggregation and the level of neurological deficit in patients with ischemic stroke.
Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of HPV in Gynecological Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study Noori, Raja A.; Salih, Azhar; Alhar, Hind AbdNoor Khudayer; Al Fatlawi, Sabah N. Mohammed; Al-Janabi, Asad A.; Hameed, Raghdah Maytham
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i1.2341

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent sexually transmitted virus that can lead to genital warts or cancer. Over 100 HPV strains have been discovered, some classified as high-risk and others as low-risk. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of HPV genotypes in patients with gynecological problems and to compare the frequency of low-risk and high-risk HPV infections. A cross-sectional study was performed. Five hundred patients were recruited who attended a gynecological clinic due to various reasons such as genital warts, itching, bleeding, or even asymptomatic cases discovered during routine visits in the period extending from January 2nd, 2017 to December 31st, 2022. Genotyping was performed using the Hybrispot technique, targeting 27 different HPV genotypes. DNA flow technology, a rapid and sensitive method, was utilized for the analysis. Out of the 500 patients, 109 tested positive for HPV, indicating 21.8% incidence among those seeking gynecological care. Among the HPV-positive patients, 59% had low-risk HPV, and 41% had high-risk HPV. The most common low-risk genotypes were HPV6 and HPV11, while the most common high-risk genotypes were HPV53, HPV58, HPV18, and HPV16. Several infrequent HPV genotypes were missed by the multiplex real-time PCR method. The study revealed a higher frequency of low-risk HPV compared to high-risk HPV, with no significant difference between the two groups.
Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Asthma Control in Adult Patients Sabaruddin, Haeriah; Djamaluddin, Fauzan; Ilyas, Muh.; Iskandar, Harun; Lihawa, Nurjannah; Nurisyah, Siti; Wiriansya , Edward Pandu
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i1.2376

Abstract

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by respiratory symptoms that vary both over time and in intensity, along with limited expiratory airflow. This heterogeneity is related to the patient's genetic and environmental phenotype. Vitamin D levels can affect the severity of asthma and the success of asthma treatment. Vitamin D can also influence the effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy as an anti-inflammatory. This study aimed to determine the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and asthma control, severity, obstruction, and exacerbation levels. This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study on asthma patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and its network for the period October–December 2023. Each research subject had a venous blood sample taken and then checked vitamin D levels at the Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital Research Laboratory. This research involved 72 research subjects. Most of the research subjects were female (61.1%), aged <45 years (52.8%), worked as housewives (29.2%), had overweight BMI (33.3%), and had a history of atopy (59.7%). The degree of airway obstruction in the study subjects was mostly mild (66.7%) and the degree of severity was intermittent, persistent, and the degree of exacerbation in the same sample (33.3%). The results of the study showed a relationship between vitamin D levels and nutritional status, history of atopy, degree of asthma control using the ACT questionnaire, degree of stable asthma, and exacerbations where p<0.05. Also, it is found that a weakly positive connection (R: 0.2–0.4) between vitamin D levels and ACT, FEV1, FEV/FVC. There is a relationship between vitamin D levels and nutritional status, history of atopy, degree of asthma control using the ACT questionnaire, degree of stable asthma, and exacerbations. There was a relationship between vitamin D levels and the degree of obstruction assessed by spirometry in this study.
Cover and Contents Utami, Dian Wahyu
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Cover and Contents
Transient Hepatitis B Antigenemia After Vaccination in Pediatric Patient Solin, Ro Shinta Christina; Bahasoan, Yusuf
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i2.2112

Abstract

The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test is a perioperative examination used for hepatitis B screening to prevent and control bloodborne infections. The interpretation of HBsAg results in post-vaccination cases requiring vigilance. A 2-month-old pediatric patient was referred to the hospital for colostomy surgery. The patient undergoes routine screening for surgery, including screening for hepatitis B. The laboratory test obtained reactive HBsAg results using the Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA) method. The HBsAg confirmatory testing was done, and reactive results were obtained. Patients are vaccinated against hepatitis B at 0 and 2 months. On the seventeenth day after the initial assessment, a second examination was conducted, and the results were negative for HBsAg, anti-HBs, total anti-HBc, and anti-HBe. Hepatitis B surface antigenemia may occur after vaccination in pediatric patients. Increasing patient and hospital staff awareness of this phenomenon aids in the reduction of unnecessary medication or therapy.

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