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Majalah Biomorfologi (Biomorphology Journal)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 02158833     EISSN : 27160920     DOI : 10.20473/mbiom.v30i1.2020.1-7
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Majalah Biomorfologi publishes articles in the form of original research report, excel-literature review, communication and special case report. The scope of this journal includes Medicine and Health sciences, focusing in basic and applied Anatomy and Histology (i.e., neuroscience, medical and health education, anthropology, clinical genetics, embryology, medical education, clinical anatomy, histotechnics, and photomicroscopy) although other correlated topics are also welcomed.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anatomi
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)" : 7 Documents clear
The Correlation Between Height and Humerus Length in Adult Tamil Women and Men in Medan in 2024 Fernando; Simorangkir, Saharnauli Janna Verawaty; Simaremare, Ade Pryta R.
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The humerus bone is one of the best long bones to measure the height of an unknown person's body. Objective: This study aims to see the relationship between height and length of humerus bones and to obtain a linear regression equation on height and length of humerus bones in Tamil tribes in Medan City. Material and Methods: This study is a descriptive analysis with an approach using the cross-sectional method in September – October 2024 at Bodhi Gaya Vihara Medan. The research subjects were 100 respondents, 50 Tamil men and 50 women, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Height will be measured using microtoise, and humerus bone length using vernier caliper (tricle brand, model 0-600mm, Shanghai, China). Results: Data analysis obtained a strong correlation in male data with a correlation coefficient value of r = 0.660 (<0.001) in the right humerus and r = 0.718 (<0.001) in the left humerus. In the data of Tamil women, a strong correlation was obtained between the value of the correlation coefficient r = 0.574 (0.001) in the right humerus and r = 0.546 (0.001) in the left humerus. In the data, a simple linear regression equation is also obtained so that height estimation can be estimated using the length of the humerus bone. Conclusion: There is a correlation between humerus bone length and height in Tamil adult men and women. Thus, a formula for estimating the height of the humerus bone length in Tamil adult men and women was obtained.
The Effect of Black Sea Cucumber (Holothuria atra) Ethanolic Extract and Gel on Diabetic Ulcers in Rattus norvegicus Induced by Streptozotocin Fanani, Erika Nur; Indrawati, Roostantia; Diarsvitri, Wienta; Rahayu, Indri Ngesti; Permata, Viranda Senora; Cahya, Nilam; Fadilah, Alifiah Wahyu Nur
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background:  Diabetic ulcer is a common complication of poorly controlled diabetes, often leading to chronic wounds and impaired healing. Black sea cucumber (Holothuria atra) is known to contain bioactive compounds, including saponins and flavonoids, which exhibit antidiabetic and wound-healing properties. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of ethanolic extract and gel formulations of Holothuria atra on diabetic ulcers in Rattus norvegicus induced with streptozotocin (STZ). Materials and Methods: A randomized pre-test and post-test control group design was employed, involving 30 rats divided into five groups. Group K(-) served as the healthy control, while K(+) was a diabetic group treated with acarbose (4.5 mg/kg body weight) and 10% povidone-iodine. The experimental groups P1, P2, and P3 consisted of diabetic rats treated with Holothuria atra extract at doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively, along with corresponding topical gel concentrations (50%, 75%, and 100%) for 14 days. Ulcer healing was monitored by measuring wound closure, and data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test via IBM SPSS version 26.0 for Windows. Result: K(+) achieved the fastest wound closure by day 4, followed by P3 and P2 on day 5, and P1 on day 6. However, statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in ulcer healing between the groups (p = 0.56). Conclusion:  The administration of Holothuria atra extract orally and gel topically demonstrated comparable healing efficacy to standard treatment with acarbose and povidone-iodine, although the differences were not statistically significant. These findings suggest Holothuria atra has potential as a complementary therapy for diabetic ulcers.
Effectiveness of Providing Galoba (Hornstedtia sp.) Fruit Tea on Glutathione Peroxidase (Gsh-Px) Enzyme Activity in the Serum of Hyperglycemic Mice (Mus Musculus) Tuahena, Abdul; Agustin, Rachmawati Dwi; Qisthi, Dian
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Background: Hyperglycemia is a pathological condition characterized by fasting blood glucose levels exceeding 100 mg/dL, leading to increased production of free radicals and reduced activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the progression of diabetes complications. Galoba fruit (Hornstedtia sp.) is a traditional herbal plant rich in flavonoids, recognized for its antioxidant properties. These characteristics mark the potential of the plant as a complementary therapy in reducing oxidative stress in hyperglycemia. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of galoba fruit tea on GSH-Px enzyme activity in the serum of hyperglycemic mice. Materials and Methods: This study used post-test-only control group design. As many as 24 male Balb/C mice were divided into six groups: KN (normal control), K− (negative control), K+ (positive control, receiving metformin 1.3 mg/kg BW), and three treatment groups receiving galoba fruit tea at doses of 100 mg/kg BW (P1), 200 mg/kg BW (P2), and 300 mg/kg BW (P3). Hyperglycemia was induced with multiple low doses of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg BW) for 5 days. We collected serum on day 22, and measured GSH-Px activity using a UV–Vis Spectrophotometer at 412 nm. Results: Administration of galoba fruit tea increased GSH-Px activity, with the highest mean value observed in the P1 group (38.08 U/mL), followed by P2 (36.11 U/mL) and P3 (20.74 U/mL). However, these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Galoba fruit tea exhibits potential in enhancing GSH-Px enzyme activity in hyperglycemic mice, particularly at lower doses (100 mg/kg BW). This potential has demonstrated that galoba fruit tea can support endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms as a complementary strategy to manage hyperglycemia. Therefore, this study suggests optimizing dosage and evaluating long-term effects of the galoba fruit tea for further studies.
The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Expression in Mouse (Mus musculus) Lungs after Lead Acetate Exposure Dianita, Karina Putri; Setiawan, Herley Windo; Fatimah, Nurmawati; I'tishom, Reny; Subkhan, Mohammad
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Background: Lead (Pb), a toxic heavy metal that does not break down in the environment, seriously endangers human health. Oral exposure to lead has a significant impact on the lungs, disrupting physiological functions and causing several respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced following lead exposure, reducing endogenous antioxidants, particularly superoxide dismutase (SOD). Administration of exogenous antioxidants to enhance SOD activity is therefore a crucial preventive strategy. This study aimed to examine the effect of tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) ethanol extract on SOD expression in the lungs of mice (Mus musculus) after lead acetate exposure. Materials and Methods: This true experimental laboratory study used twenty-five mouse lung tissue samples that had been kept and prepared. Each treatment group comprised five samples: K0 (negative control, given only distillated water), K1 (positive control, given lead acetate at a dose of 0.075 g/kg BW), P1 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract at concentration of 100 mg/kg BW), P2 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract 200 mg/kg BW), and P3 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract 400 mg/kg BW). The duration of the treatments was 35 days. Results: After administering 0.075 g/kg BW of lead acetate, the study found a substantial increase in SOD expression (p < 0.05). In addition, compared to the positive control group, the administration of 100 mg/kg BW of tamarillo ethanol extract resulted in a significant increase in SOD expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that tamarillo ethanol extract, compared to the positive control group, significantly elevated SOD expression at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after exposure to lead acetate, the findings have demonstrated that the ethanol extract of tamarillo, particularly at a level of 100 mg/kg BW, efficiently increases SOD expression in mouse lungs.
ANALYSIS OF THE CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ORBITAL INFLAMMATION PATIENTS AT TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Anggia dewi, Karina; Delfitri Lutfi; Kusuma Eko Purwantari; Indri Wahyuni
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Background: Orbital inflammation is a benign inflammatory condition affecting the eye socket and can involve the orbital soft tissue, ocular muscles, and optic nerve. The diagnosis of orbital inflammation can be tricky due to the lack of standardized clinical criteria and the potential for overlap with other orbital diseases. Method: This retrospective, observational, and analytical study focused on patients diagnosed with orbital inflammation at The Outpatient Ophthalmology Oncology Clinic. Data from 68 samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were classified and analyzed with descriptive statistics, and the Chi-square test and Odds Ratio (OR) was used to measure the likelihood of two clinical characteristics occurring together, indicating the strength of the relationship between paired symptoms that may commonly appear simultaneously in orbital inflammation. Result: Most patients were female (55.9%) and within the 18-75 age group (97.1%). Orbital inflammation predominantly presented unilaterally (89.7%). The study found that the most frequent clinical characteristics were proptosis, red eyes, decreased vision, and orbital pain. Among all assessed clinical characteristics, proptosis and red eye showed the most significant association, followed by proptosis and dry eye, red eye and eyelid edema, and proptosis and ptosis. Conclusion: Orbital inflammation presents with a wide range of clinical characteristics, reflecting the diverse inflammatory processes that may occur in the orbit. The study identified key clinical characteristics of orbital inflammation, including proptosis, red eyes, decreased vision, and orbital pain. Particularly between proptosis and red eye, followed by proptosis and dry eye, red eye and eyelid edema, and proptosis and ptosis. These clinical features, when found together, support clinicians in recognizing and establishing a diagnosis of orbital inflammation.
Protective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Tamarillo (Solanum Betaceum) on Renal Interleukin 1 Expression in Lead Acetate-Exposed Mice Trimitasari, Kurnia; Yuliawati, Tri Hartini; I'tishom, Reny; Fatimah, Nurmawati
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Background: The rise in environmental pollution due to industrial and transportation activities has led to widespread lead (Pb) contamination , which enters the body through inhalation or ingestion and accumulates in the kidneys, triggering excessive Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, which in turn causes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses marked by increased IL-1 expression. Tamarillo, a fruit rich in flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phenolic compounds, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may protect renal tissue against lead-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Objective: To analyze the impact of ethanol extract from tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) on interleukin-1 (IL-1) expression in the kidneys of lead acetate-exposed mice (Mus musculus). Material and Method: This true laboratory experimental study used preserved biological material (BBT) from 30 male mice (Mus musculus), categorized into five distinct groups. The negative control group, labeled K0, received only distilled water; the positive control group, K1, was administered lead acetate at 0.075 g/kgBW; while group P1, P2, and P3 were treated with lead acetate alongside Solanum betaceum extract for 35 days at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW, respectively. IL-1 expression was analyzed via immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the Immunoreactive Score (IRS) method focusing on glomerular and tubular epithelial cells. Result: Significant difference in IL-1 expression among groups (p<0.05). The treatment group that received 100 mg/kgBW tamarillo extract had the lowest levels of IL-1 expression in glomerular cells (mean 4.0) and tubular epithelial cells (mean 5.0) compared to the positive control, indicating dose-dependent. Conclusion: Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) ethanol extract effectively reduces IL-1 expression in glomerular and tubular regions of lead-exposed mice, with the optimal dose at 100 mg/kg BW, demonstrating its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent for combating lead-induced renal inflammation.
The Potential of Ethanol Extract of Dutch Eggplant (Solanum betaceum) against caspase-3 Expression in the Kidneys of Mice (Mus musculus) Exposed to Lead Acetate Rifatus Solicha; Rahaju, Anny Setijo; Qorib, Mohammad Fathul; I’tishom, Reny; Arfian, Nur
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Lead (Pb) exposure remains an environmental health concern due to its toxicity, particularly to the kidneys, where it can cause nephrotoxicity. The accumulation of lead acetate induces oxidative stress through elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which subsequently activate the apoptosis pathway characterized by increased caspase-3 expression. Caspase-3 serves as the primary executor enzyme in apoptosis and functions as a key indicator of kidney cell injury. Natural antioxidants, such as the ethanol extract of Dutch eggplant (Solanum betaceum), are rich in flavonoids and can protect kidney tissue by neutralizing free radicals and inhibiting apoptosis. Given these properties, Solanum betaceum has emerged as a candidate for protecting the kidneys against damage caused by heavy metals. Objective: This study investigated whether ethanol-extracted Dutch eggplant could protect the kidneys of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to lead acetate by looking at its effect on caspase-3 expression. The research also examined whether the extract’s protective effect depended on the dose given. Materials and Methods: This experimental research employed a post-test control group design. The authors classified the mice into five groups (K0, K1, P1, P2, and P3). The treatment groups received Dutch eggplant extract at varying doses administered concurrently with lead acetate exposure. Caspase-3 expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and assessed using an H-score, followed by statistical analysis with SPSS. Results: Lead acetate increased caspase-3 expression compared to the negative control group (K1: 122.00 vs. K0: 71.00). Administration of Dutch eggplant extract reduced caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Dutch eggplant has demonstrated potential nephroprotective effects against lead acetate-induced kidney damage by reducing caspase-3 expression.

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