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BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27148564     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal BioEksakta menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang biologi umum termasuk Ekologi dan konservasi, Taksonomi dan Struktur, Biogeografi, Evolusi, Biodeversitas, Fisiologi dan Reproduksi, Biologi sel, Biologi Molekuler dan Genetika.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 401 Documents
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PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI Chlorella vulgaris PADA PAKAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN ALBUMIN DALAM SERUM IKAN NILEM (Osteochilus vittatus) Kiki Siti Zakiah; Sorta Basar Ida Simanjuntak; Eko Setio Wibowo
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.2144

Abstract

Nilem fish belongs to freshwater fish commodity that has been widely cultivation. Some factors influencing fish cultivation are good quality of feed, quantity, size, and shape. Quality feed works as a primary energy source as well as improves the digestive system of fish, with the expectation that the fish growth and health are optimal. Information concerning health status in cultivation Nilem has been used as a reference for improving cultivation methods and controlling disease attacks. The population and production of fish cultivation is experiencing serious problems due to infection from various types of pathogens. Therefore, a viable alternative is needed to prevent and overcome diseases by utilizing immunostimulant substances derived from synthetic substances that can increase the activity of non-specific immune defenses and stimulate antibiotic-forming organs in fish body. Immunostimulant is a substance that is capable of increasing the mechanism of non-specific immune response of fish one of them is by adding Chlorella vulgaris extract to the feed. This research objective is to determine the influence of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation on total blood albumin in nilem fish. This research was conducted by sampling method consisting of 5 treatments with further 4 replications. The treatments were feed supplementation of 0 g.kg-1, 2 g.kg-1, 3 g.kg-1, 4 g.kg-1, and 6 g.kg-1. Independent and dependent variables were used in this research; the independent variable was the dose of Chlorella vulgaris in the feed and the dependent variable was blood albumin concentration. The measuring of plasma albumin concentration was done using the Dyasis kit method with a spectrophotometer. The obtained data were then analyzed by ANOVA, followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the 95% confidence level if there is a real difference then followed by Tukey's test at the same confidence level. The results showed that the average value of serum albumin concentration of nilem fish from all treatments was between 4.2761 – 7.1826 g/dL. The normal albumin concentration was found in the treatment 4 g.kg-1 Chlorella vulgaris supplementation which was 4.77 g/dL. Meanwhile, the highest concentration was found from the supplementation of Chlorella vulgaris at 3 g.kg-1 feed which was 6.677 g/dL.
Aspergillus sp. For Indigosol Blue and Remazol Brilliant Blue R Decolorization Fitria Ayudi Ulfimaturahmah; Ratna Stia Dewi; Ajeng Arum Sari
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.1795

Abstract

Synthetic dyes are artificial dyes manufactured by Industry and commonly used for the textile industry. These dyes had potentially caused an environmental problem. Many types of dyes are recalcitrant and have toxic properties for living organisms. It can be removed by decolorization method, especially a biological decolorization by fungi. Fungi were chosen due to the ability to degrade toxic components. Aspergillus sp. is the fungi which commonly used for dye decolorization. It might be caused that Aspergillus sp. is one type of fungi lived in the textile waste and expected not to die in the dye decolorization treatment. The purpose of this research was to investigate the ability of the mycelia pellets of Aspergillus sp to decolorized Indigosol Blue dye and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) dye. This research showed that mycelial pellets of Aspergillus sp. had high activity of decolorization of Indigosol Blue dye up to 85.37% and RBBR dye up to 80.21% and caused low pH value after 24 hour incubation time compared to the control solution.
Pengaruh Penambahan Prebiotik Inulin dan Fruktooligosakarida (FOS) terhadap Pertumbuhan Probiotik Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E Azma Nurizqi Isnasari; Dyah Fitri Kusharyati; Oedjijono Oedjijono
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3385

Abstract

Human health is very closely related to the condition of the human digestive tract since the beginning of life. The diversity of microorganisms found in the human digestive tract is very diverse, consisting of 300-500 different species of bacteria to increase the working power of nutrition. Prebiotics such as inulin and FOS and probiotics such as Bifidobacteria are aspects that can be added for the increase of nutrition. Optimal bacterial growth can be seen in the bacterial growth curve. The research problems were how the effect of prebiotic inulin and FOS on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, the amount of incubation time needed to support the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, and how the interaction between prebiotic types and incubation times on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. BB2E. The purposes of this study were to study the effect of prebiotic inulin and FOS on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, to know the optimal incubation time of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, and to know the interaction between prebiotic types and incubation times on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. BB2E. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial patterns. The main parameter measured was the population of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E, and the additional parameters measured were the pH level and the value of lactic acid titrated. The independent variable discussed in this study is prebiotic estimation on the medium, while the dependent variable considered is the population of Bifidobacterium sp. BB2E. The results of this study showed that the addition of inulin and fructooligosaccharide prebiotic at different incubation times had a significant effect on the growth of Bifidobacterium sp. Bb2E. The best treatment was a combination of inulin + FOS at incubation time of 18 hours with an optical density value was 1,794 and a total population density was 2,44x1010 CFU/mL.
Kelimpahan Tungau Predator pada Tanaman Melati Gambir (Jasminum officinale) di Desa Cipawon, Bukateja, Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah Ika Rakhmayani; Bambang Heru Budianto; Trisnowati Budi Ambarningrum
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 1 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3927

Abstract

The Gambier Jasmine plant (Jasminum officinale) is located in Bukateja District, Cipawon Village, Purbalingga, Central Java is a commodity with high economic value, its use a tea fragrance, cosmetics, perfumes dan others. One of the cause of decreased productivity of Gambier Jasmine is ude to the presence of pets, namely mites. The pest mite population is controlled by predatory mites. Therefore, this study aimed to determne the types of predatory mites and determine the abundance of predatory mites in Gambier Jasmine (J. officinale) in Cipawon Village, Purbalingga, Central Java. This research used survey method with purposive sampling technique. There are nine sampling points, eight pointa on the outer edge and one point in the middle of plantation. Each sampling is represented by three trees. The sample in the form of Gambier Jasmine Leaves came form the lowest ten leaf stalks in one tree at each sampling point. The number of leaf samples obtained was 270 leaf samples. Each sampling point was taken three times with one week intervals. The variable observed include the number of individuals and the number of species of predatory mites on the Gambier Jasmine (J. officinale) and the parameters calculated were leaf area, leaf sitting angle, length and density of trichomes, temperature, humidity, asa well as rainfall. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) with an error rate of 20%. The result of the identification of predatory mites on the Gambier Jasmine plant were obtained by two species, namely Amblyseius largoensis and Phytoseius amba. A. largoensis as many as 76 individuals with an abundance percentage of 61,8% and P. amba as many as 47 individuals with an abundance percentage of 38,2%. The abundance of predatory mites A. largoensis and P. amba is classified as moderate because predators are easy to find, every three leaves there is one predator. Key words: abundance., Cipawon., Gambier Jasmine., predatory mites.
Pengaruh Pemberian Inokulum Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Campuran terhadap Kemunculan Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) dan Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Nadya Sofia Siti Sa'adah; Uki Dwiputranto; Aris Mumpuni
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 4 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.2661

Abstract

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and Melon (Cucumis melo L.) are examples of vegetables and fruit that are widely consumed by the community, and also have many benefits. The market demand for cucumbers and melons is very high. Therefore the production should meet the demand. There are several problems in production, and one of them is wilt caused by Fusarium. Conventionally, the use of synthetic fungicides is considering as the right solution for controlling fusarium wilt. However, taking into account the harmful effects of these fungicides, the use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) is a choice made. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of mixed AMF inoculums (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 g FMA with zeolite/plant carrier medium). The main parameters observed were disease intensity, while the supporting parameters observed were pH, temperature, air humidity, disease incubation period, and degree of infection. The data obtained were analyzed using a Variety Test (F test) with a Standard Error of 5%. Based on the research result, plants which are inoculated by mycorrhizae inoculum is more resistant to fusarium wilt disease. The optimal dose of AMF mixture to reduce the intensity of fusarium wilt in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants is M3BT (AMF inoculation of 15 g / plant mixture), and melon (Cucumis melo L.) is M2BM (10 g / plant AMF mixture inoculation)
Pendugaan Karbon Tumbuhan Bawah Di Tegakan Pinus Bumi Perkemahan Pasirbatang Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai Yayan Hendrayana; Ika Karyaningsih
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3520

Abstract

Plants are a place to store carbon (carbondioxide sink). One way to reduce the impact of global warming is to control carbon concentrations through a sinking program, where organic carbon as a result of photosynthesis will be stored in the biomass of standing forests or woody trees. This study aims to determine the potential amount of biomass and carbon stored in understory at the Pasir Batang Camping Ground, Gunung Ciremai National Park. The method used is the checkered line method, which is placed by purposive sampling. The plots used in this study are 1m x 1m squares which are placed along the path of 30 plots. The results showed that the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was Canarium callothyrus at 120% and the best was Oxalis corniculata at 3%. The estimated potential of understorey biomass is 92,3 tonnes with an average of 3,08 tonnes/ha. The estimated potential for understorey carbon storage is 43,4 tonnes with an average of 1,45 tonnes/ha.
Keanekaragaman Vegetasi Tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan Jati (Tectona grandis Linn.) di RPH Ciporos Ody Febri Widiyanto; Dwi Nugroho Wibowo; Hexa Apriliana Hidayah
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.2926

Abstract

Abstract: The undergrowth can be used to describe soil conditions that can be seen clearly in the field, because it can increase soil stability, soil fertility and increase land productivity. The purpose of this study was to determine diversity of undergrowth vegetation in teak stands (Tectona grandis Linn.) and environmental factors related to the diversity of undergrowth on teak stands at Ciporos RPH, BKPH Sidareja, KPH Banyumas Barat, Central Java. The research method used was a survey method by sampling using line transects. Data on vegetation diversity of undergrowth were analyzed using Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H ') while the vegetation evenness data was analyzed using Evenness Index (E'). To determine the relationship between environmental factors and undergrowth use Paleontological Statistics (PAST) software analysis. The results showed that the lower ground species found in the Ciporos RPH consisted of 8 species from 7 families. The undergrowth species that has the highest Importance Value Index (INP) is Paspalidium flavidum (Paspalum grass) of the Gramineae family (Poaceae) with 69.21% INP and the lowest is Arum maculatum (Arum flower) of the Araceae family with an INP of 1.38 %. The diversity of undergrowth vegetation in teak stands in RPH Ciporos has a Diversity Index (H ') including moderate and the pattern of distribution of undergrowth species is classified as low. The most environmental factor related to the diversity of u undergrowth vegetation is soil pH. Key Words: diversity; RPH Ciporos; undergrowth Abstrak: Tumbuhan bawah dapat digunakan untuk menggambarkan keadaan tanah yang dapat dilihat secara nyata di lapangan, karena dapat meningkatkan kestabilan tanah, kesuburan tanah dan meningkatkan produktivitas lahan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman vegetasi tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan jati (Tectona grandis Linn.) dan faktor lingkungan yang berkaitan dengan keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan jati pada RPH Ciporos, BKPH Sidareja, KPH Banyumas Barat Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan line transect. Data keanekaragaman vegetasi tumbuhan bawah dianalisis menggunakan Indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’) sedangkan data kemerataan tumbuhan bawah dianalisis menggunakan Indeks Kemerataan (E’). Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dan tumbuhan bawah digunakan analisis Software Paleontological Statistics (PAST). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa spesies tumbahan bawah yang ditemukan di RPH Ciporos terdiri atas 8 spesies dari 7 famili. Spesies tumbuhan bawah yang memiliki Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi yaitu Paspalidium flavidum (Rumput Paspalum) dari familia Gramineae (Poaceae) dengan INP 69,21% dan yang terendah yaitu Arum maculatum (Bunga Arum) dari familia Areceae dengan INP Sebanyak 1,38%. Keanekaragaman vegetasi tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan jati di RPH Ciporos memiliki Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) termasuk sedang dan pola penyebaran spesies tumbuhan bawah tergolong rendah. Faktor lingkungan paling berkaitan dengan keanekaragaman vegetasi tumbuhan bawah yaitu pH tanah. Kata kunci: keanekaragaman vegetasi; RPH Ciporos; tumbuhan bawah
INDUKSI KALUS DENGAN 2,4D DAN BAP PADA EKSPLAN DAUN VEGETATIF DAN GENERATIF TEMPUYUNG (Sonchus arvensis L.) Shilfiana - Rahayu; Suharyanto Suharyanto
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3677

Abstract

Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) is a plant that has many benefits and medicinal potencial. This plant is contain high flavonoids and terpenoids. The propagation of this plant is very important to do to provide medicinal ingridients on a prefab scale and to produce materials that have a high compound content. The tissue culture is one of the fastest ways in plant propagation and can increase the content of secondary metabolites in plants. The method to produce high compounds and produce somatic embryos in large quantities can be through callus culture. The research aim was to find the effect of 2,4D and BAP hormones and leaf explant variations on the growth tempuyung callus. In this research, a combination of 2,4D (0; 0.5; 1 ppm) and BAP (0; 0.5; 1 ppm) hormone was used in inducing callus, and explants used in this research were vegetative leaves and generative leaves of tempuyung. The results of this study stated that callus was produced within 10-14 days, with the friable callus texture and yellow in color. Vegetative leaf explants initiate callus faster than generative leaves. Other results showed that the best combination in callus production was BAP 0.5 ppm and 2.4D 1 ppm, and the most optimal leaf explants in producing callus were found in vegetative leaf explants
Genera Jamur Patogen dan Persentase Penyakit Bercak Daun yang ditemukan pada Pertanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea) di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Purbalingga Nia Sri Hartatik; Eddy Tri Sucianto; Endang Sri Purwati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3387

Abstract

Green mustard (Brassica juncea) is an annual or horticultural plant of the Brassica genus. The purpose of this research is to knowledge the type of fungi that cause leaf spot disease on green mustard plants and to know the large percentage of leaf spot diseases caused by fungus on mustard greens in Serang Village, Karangreja District, Purbalingga. This research is used survey method by taking purposive random sampling at two different locations. The type of fungus that causes leaf spot disease on (B. juncea) mustard green can be identified by isolating the part of plants are sick then identified. Identification of fungi is doing by two stages of observation, that is observation macromorphological characters and micromorphological characters. Observation of macromorphological characters includes colony color, colony shape, the edge of colony shape and colony reverse color. Observation of the micromorphology character includes the presence of hyphae, hyphae (insulated or non-insulated), conidia shape, conidia color, additional devices and conidiophores. The next stage to find out the type of fungus that causes leaf spot disease is Koch's Postulate.The results obtained there is one type of disease in green mustard plants. Leaf spot is one of the diseases of mustard greens caused by the fungus Alternaria sp, with a frequency of leaf spot disease as many as 196 times, and the percentage of disease of 51,30%.
Detection Moleculer Of Putative 18S rRNA Gen Protozoa Trichodina sp. Infected Larvae Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy L) in Balai Benih Ikan Kutasari Purbalingga Central Java Rokhmani Rokhmani; Daniel Joko Wahyono; Lilis Mulyani
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 1 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3924

Abstract

Trichodina spp. are ectoparasitic pathogens of ciliata group that commonly infect both freshwater and marine fish, including gouramy fish. As a result of infection of Trichodina spp. this will lead to inhibition of fish growth and decreased fish production, resulting in low fish selling value. The rate of occurrence of Trichodina spp. that infects gurami can reach 100%. Research has been conducted to determine which one Trichodina spp. Protozoa that infects the gouramy seeds of BBI (Fish Seed Center) Kutasari Purbalingga following detection of 18S RNA gene. Gene detection method used in this research is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a technique of DNA synthesis and amplification in vitro. This research is done following these methodes: (1) sampling of Gurami fish with purposive sampling which obtained from BBI Kutasari Purbalingga, (2) isolation of Trichodina spp., (3). Preparation of Trichodina spp. sample and its identification, and (4). Molecular character obervation following detection of 18S rRNA gene. This study obtained 10% percentage of detection of 18S rRNA genes of the species of Trichodina paraheterodentata that infect on the gouramy fish of Purbalingga. The percentage rate of detection of these genes is low when compared with the results of the detection of 18S rRNA Trichodina paraheterodentata gene that infects gouramy fish in Banjarnegara.

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