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Arif Rahman Hikam
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Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Jl. dr. Soeparno No. 63 Purwokerto, Kabupaten Banyumas Kode Pos 53122
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BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27148564     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal BioEksakta menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang biologi umum termasuk Ekologi dan konservasi, Taksonomi dan Struktur, Biogeografi, Evolusi, Biodeversitas, Fisiologi dan Reproduksi, Biologi sel, Biologi Molekuler dan Genetika.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 379 Documents
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TMR Pengaruh Pengunjung terhadap Aktivitas Harian Gajah Sumatra (Elephas maximus sumatranus) di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan Jakarta Selatan Silvia Herera Evitasari; Erie Kolya Nasution; Achmmad Muchsinin
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (551.625 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1737

Abstract

Taman Margasatwa Ragunan adalah kebun binatang pertama yang didirikan di Indonesia tahun 1864 dengan nama Planten En Dierentuin. Pengunjung yang datang ke kandang Gajah Sumatra, kemungkinan akan memberikan dampak bagi aktivitas harian Gajah Sumatra. Berdasarkan penelitian studi pengaruh pengunjung terhadap keberadaan Gajah Sumatra di Pusat Pendidikan Konservasi Alam Bodogol pada tahun 2003 menunjukkan bahwa respon Gajah Sumatra ketika berjumpa dengan pengunjung bersuara ataupun tidak bersuara, sebesar 85% berlari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengunjung terhadap aktivitas harian Gajah Sumatra (Elephas maximus sumatranus) di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Penelitian aktivitas harian dilakukan selama satu bulan. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan Teknik Ad libitium sampling dan Focal animal sampling. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pengaruh pengunjung terhadap aktivitas harian, yaitu gerak berpindah, makan, istirahat, dan sosial seperti agonistic, grooming, kopulasi, bersuara, bermain (playing), duduk berdekatan (huddle) dan kasih sayang (affection). Pengamatan aktivitas harian Gajah Sumatra dilakukan dengan interval waktu 15 menit, dimulai pukul 08.00 sampai dengan pukul 16.00 WIB di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Data aktivitas harian di analisis dalam bentuk prosentase dan data pengaruh pengunjung dianalisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frehuensi aktivitas harian gajah Sumatera tertinggi adalah makan yang dilakukan betina dewasa dan jantan dewasa. Aktivitas lain yang dilakukan jantan dewasa dan betina dewasa selain makan yaitu pergerakan, sementara anakan jantan dan betina menghabiskan waktu bermain bersama induknya. Aktivitas harian gajah Sumatera tidak terdapat perbedaan dan pengunjung Taman Margasatwa Ragunan tidak berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas harian gajah Sumatera. Kata kunci: Taman Margatsatwa Ragunan, akktivitas harian, Gajah Sumatra, pengunjung
Komposisi Vegetasi Gulma pada Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum) di Perkebunan Tebu Puslitagro Jatitujuh Majalengka Annisa Mutiara Rizki; Dwi Nugroho Wibowo; Wiwik Herawati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (436.77 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1822

Abstract

Perkebunan tebu Pusat Penelitian Agronomi (Puslitagro) Jatitujuh Majalengka merupakan salah satu perkebunan tebu yang ditanami tebu lahan kering. Gulma adalah masalah utama yang dihadapi pada budidaya tebu lahan kering. Kehadiran gulma akan mempersulit pemeliharaan dan panen serta menurunkan kualitas penebangan tebu, baik yang dilakukan secara manual maupun mekanik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan keanekaragaman spesies gulma di daerah perkebunan tebu Puslitagro Jatitujuh Majalengka sebagai dasar dalam pengendalian gulma dan mengetahui faktor-faktor lingkungan abiotik di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, keanekaragaman spesies gulma di Perkebunan Tebu Pusitagro Jatitujuh Majalengka terdapat 46 spesies yang termasuk dalam 16 familia. Kemerataan gulma tergolong tinggi, dari data yang didapat masing-masing area lebih dari satu. Area Kidang Kencana Timur (1,94) tergolong tinggi, area Kidang Kencana Tengah (1,89) tergolong tinggi, dan area Rancabugang (1,83) tergolong tinggi. Keanekaragaman spesies gulma tertinggi terdapat pada area Kidang Kencana Timur (3,15) dengan suhu udara 32°C, kelembaban tanah 75%, dan pH tanah 7,1
Hubungan beberapa Aspek Biologi Reproduksi dengan Panjang Tubuh Ikan Palung (Hampala macrolepidota Kuhl & Van Hasselt 1823) di Waduk Panglima Besar Jenderal Soedirman Dhita Rasyida Soraya; Priyo Susatyo; Siti Rukayah
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3481

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui rasio kelamin, TKG, IKG, fekunditas, ukuran pertama kali matang gonad ikan palung (H. macrolepidota) yang tertangkap di Waduk Panglima Besar Jenderal Soedirman dan hubungan antara beberapa aspek biologi ikan palung dengan panjang tubuh. Pengambilan sampel ikan dilakukan dua kali pada November dan Desember 2017. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa ikan palung di Waduk Panglima Besar Jenderal Soedirman memiliki rasio kelamin 1 : 2,82. Tingkat Kamtangan Gonad (TKG) ikan palung yang ditangkap berada pada TKG I-IV. Rata-rata ukuran pertama kali matang gonad pada ikan palung betina adalah 447,6 mm dan ikan palung jantan 295,8 mm. Fekunditas ikan palung sebanyak 841-35.896 butir. Hubungan TKG dengan panjang total pada ikan betina berkorelasi positif (r = 0,827) dan jantan memiliki korelasi positif (r = 0,566). Hubungan IKG dengan panjang total ikan betina berkolerasi positif (r = 0,670). Hubungan IKG dengan panjang total ikan jantan berkolerasi positif (r = 0,392). Hubungan fekunditas dan panjang total memiliki korelasi positif (r = 0,978)
BIO-PULPING BAGASE SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBUATAN KERTAS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SPESIES JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH DAN WAKTU INKUBASI Vio Indah Budiarti; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Aris Mumpuni
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.1798

Abstract

The Biopulping is defined as the biological process of lignin degradation by utilizing microorganisms that produce some enzymes. A microorganism which widely known in the degradation of lignin and cellulose is a group of white-rot fungi. The aims for this research to know the most effective white rot fungi species of G.lucidum, P.tuber-regium, and T.versicolor in the degradation of lignin and cellulose with different incubation time on bagasse substrate. The effectivity of biopulping indicated by the highest degradation of lignin concentration and the lowest degradation of cellulose concentration. This study used an experimental design with Completely Randomized design with a two factorial pattern. The independent variable of this study is white rot fungi species and incubation time while the dependent variable is the concentration of lignin and cellulose. The main parameter was the concentration of lignin and cellulose, supporting parameters were pH, weight loss of substrate and mycelial growth. The result showed the degradation of lignin and cellulose in all treatment. The best degradation of lignin and cellulose showed by species T.versicolor and P.tuber-regium within 30 days of incubation
Kajian Etnozoologi Biawak (Varanus salvator) dalam Bidang Kesehatan oleh Masyarakat Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) Herawati Dwi Astuti; Laelatul Mukharomah; Lailatus Shobaiyah; Novita Novita
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.2797

Abstract

Lizard or known as the Asian water lizard (Varanus salvator) is one of the reptiles found in Asia, one of which is in Indonesia. In addition to being used as food, some communities use monitor lizards to treat diseases, especially those who still maintain ancestral customs and beliefs. This study aims to describe the knowledge of local indigenous peoples in utilizing monitor lizards for the treatment of diseases and integrating them with traditional conservation efforts undertaken by the community. The research uses the ethnozoology approach through the literature review method. The results showed that the local people especially Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) in Jambi used monitor lizards for the treatment of skin diseases, hypo-allergies and ringworm by burning or cooking them using cooking oil until the fat in the monitor lizards melted for ointment. However, the local people still try to maintain the balance of monitor lizards by choosing large monitor lizards that are suitable for consumption, using simple hunting tools, and domestication efforts so that the monitor lizard population is maintained in a sustainable manner. This is known because the mechanism of hypo-allergenic treatment of monitor lizard meat has the potential to reduce the effects of allergies given by allergy in the form of histamine 1.5% by 10 ml. In conclusion, the use of monitor lizards in the field of health by the local community wisely can improve conservation skills through traditional ecological knowledge (Traditional Ecological Knowledge)
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Cendawan Pathogen Daun Jagung Manis (Zea mays) Varietas Talenta menggunakan Metode Direct Plating Dan Moist Chamber di BBPP Ketindan, Jawa Timur nurul fadilah; Yuni Sri Rahayu; Lutfi Tri Andriani
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 1 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3777

Abstract

Market demanding for corn increases with the years. The greatest request of all types of maize is the sweet corn (Zea mays) talenta variety. However, domestic productions arenot sufficient for this corn. This is due to problems such as corn disease which drastically derailed yields. This disease comes from the category of pathogenic fungi. This study aims to isolate and characterize fungal pathogens in sweet corn leaves (Zea mays) of talenta varieties taken from agricultural land, Ketindan Agricultural Training Center, East Java. This research is an experimental study using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The insulation method used direct plating and moist chamber. Characterization and identification based on macroscopic characters include: old colony shape, old colony color, old colony texture, young colony shape, young colony color, and young colony texture. Microscopic characters include hyphal wall, type of hyphae branching, presence or absence of septa, presence or absence of clamp connections, sporangium shape, sporangium color, spore shape, spore color. The results of the direct plating method obtained 5 species of pathogenic fungi, including: Helminthosporium sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Peronosclerospora spp., Puccinia sp., And Trichometaspheria sp., While the moist chamber method obtained 2 species of pathogenic fungi, namely: Helminthosporium sp. and Rhizoctonia sp.
Isolation and Characterization Of Arbuscular Mychorhiza Fungi from Gaharu Wood (Aquilaria spp.) Rhizosphere Dian Rachma Wijayanti; Maman Turjaman
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3090

Abstract

In the last 30 years there have been increasing demand of agarwood. Unlimited hunting of agarwood causing it become threatened species. Aquilaria spp. is the main genus producing agarwood that considered as threathened species. Conserving Aquilaria spp. as germ plasm needs is essential against destruction. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been used as inoculant to increase the growth of Aquilaria spp., but information about the existence of AMF in Aquilaria spp. rhizosphere has not been reported. This research was carried out with objective to identify AMF from Aquilaria spp. rhizosphere. Soil and root samples from rhizosphere of Aquilaria spp. taken from four location that is: Carita (A. malaccensis), Ciapus (A. filaria), Cifor (A. crasna & A. malaccensis), and Bantar Kemang (A. beccariana, A. crasna, & A. malaccensis). Roots staining was conducted with modified Phillips and Hayman procedure (1970). Soils sample was run dry wed and placed in pot culture with Pueraria javanica as the host plant. Spore was separated from pot culture using wet sieving and decanting method continued with centrifugation. The result showed the occurrences of AMF in Aquilaria spp. roots i.e. external hypha, internal hypha, coiled hypha, arbuscules, and vesicles. All AMF colony structure found in Aquilaria spp. roots show asosiation bettwen the plant and AMF. Four species of AMF were found i.e. Glomus sp.1, Glomus sp.2, Gigaspora albida, and Dentiscutata sp. Key Words: Isolation, Arbuscule Mycorrhizae Fungi, Rhizosfer, Agarwood
Respon Penambahan Asam Humat terhadap beberapa Kandungan Senyawa Aktif Pegagan (Centella asiatica) triani hardiyati; Elly Proklamasiningsih; Iman Budisantoso
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3536

Abstract

The aim of this research is to know the respon of humic acid and some growth media on the contain of active biological substance in Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Hopefully, through the application of humic acid in the combination of media, the growth and plant metabolism will improve to produce active biological substance as primar metabolism. The growth media used were : soil & sand (1 : 1) ; soil & husk (1 : 1 ) ; and soil & zeolite (1 : 2). The humic acid treatment were 4 concentration, 0 g/kg media, 4 g/kg media, 8 g/kg media and 12 g/kg media. The research method was Completely Randomized Design, with factorial as treatment design. The variable observed were alkaloid content, flavonoid content, the presence of terpenoid, and biomass weight. The research result showed that the high weight of biomass and alkaloid contain got in the addition of 8 g humic acid in media soil and sand. The high flavonoid contain got in addition of 4 g/kg media in media soil and zeolite. There was brawn ring in the extract analysis dissolved in chloroform, acetic acid, and strong sulfate acid.
Status Reproduksi Belut Sawah (Monopterus albus) yang tertangkap di Desa Kalitinggar, Kabupaten Purbalingga Sa'adatul Amalia; Priyo Susatyo; Sugiharto Sugiharto
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3393

Abstract

Ricefield eel is one type of fish whose habitat is in paddy fields and the eel's body does not have scales. Ricefield eel has a high protein, so it is widely consumed and sold in local and international markets. Eel reproduction is a protogynous hermaphrodite thathas a replacement cycle from female sex to the male sex. This research was conducted in the laboratory of the Faculty of Biology, Jenderal Soedirman University, by taking samples of Ricefield Eel in Kalitinggar Village, Padamara District, Purbalingga Regency. The purpose of this study was to know the relationship between GSI with a certain eel body length, as well as the gonad histology picture of rice eels in each fishing month. The results of the study as many as 54 eel catches. Ricefield eel was caught in May, June, and August 2019. Eel body length ranges from 16-35 cm with a GSI value of 0.32 – 10.36 %. There is a correlation between eels' body length toward GSI with the value p < 0.01, which was tested using Pearson correlation in the SPSS application. Based on observations using a microscope, many of the eels produced females with a body length ranges of 19-32 cm.
Variasi Marga Plumeria berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Pollen di Wilayah Purwokerto Banyumas Jawa Tengah Sukarsa Sukarsa; wiwik herawati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 1 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.4010

Abstract

The Plumeria clan is a member of the Apocynaceae family and has variations in each type. This study aims to determine the variation in morphological characters of the Plumeria genus pollen in the Purwokerto region. The results showed that the pollen morphology of 6 samples, namely Plumeira rubra, Plumeira rubra f angutifolia, Plumeira rubra f frangifani, Plumeira obtusu, Plumeira alba and Plumeira pudica have similarities in the type of aperture, namely tricolpate type and psilate type ornamentation. While the comparative P / E index The mean length of the polar axis (P) and the diameter of the equatorial plane (E) P. rubra, P. rubra F frangifani and P obtusus have the form of Oblate Spheroidal type pollen with P / E index 0.92 - 0.94 while Plumeira alba and Plumeira pudica Suboblate pollen form with P / E index 0.82 - 0.85

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