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Muh. Rasywan Syarif
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INDONESIA
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
ISSN : 25497812     EISSN : 27228401     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24252/ifk.v4i1.14555
Core Subject : Religion, Science,
Religion Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences
Elfalaky adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan/Program studi Ilmu Falak Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Alauddin Makassar yang merefleksikan diri sebagai wadah akademik untuk publikasi artikel ilmiah. Jurnal ini memfokuskan pada kajian/studi Ilmu Falak yang mengintegrasikan agama dan sain dalam berbagai aspeknya yang diharapkan dapat memberi referensi bagi pembaca/akademika dalam pengembangan wawasan akademik dan keilmuan diantaranya penentuan arah kiblat, awal waktu shalat, penentuan awal bulan kamariah, dan gerhana matahari atau bulan.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 126 Documents
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UJI KELAYAKAN PANTAI TEBING KARANG KERAKAS SEBAGAI LOKASI RUKYATUL HILAL Shintiya, Shintiya Desvi Triyan Putri; Rizal, Ahmad Ashril
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v8i2.51231

Abstract

The main issue in rukyatul hilal is the difference in perspective between the hisab and rukyat methods in determining the beginning of the lunar month, which often leads to confusion and debate among Muslims. Additionally, the success of hilal observation is influenced by various factors such as weather conditions, air quality, and site selection, making it important to assess the suitability of observation locations like Pantai Tebing Karang Kerakas in Lombok. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of Pantai Tebing Karang Kerakas as a rukyatul hilal location. It employs a field research approach with a mixed-method research design, combining qualitative and quantitative research to assess the site's suitability. The researcher conducted direct observations of the geographical, astronomical, and climatological conditions using telescopes and cameras, and analyzed the data descriptively and comparatively to provide a comprehensive overview. The results indicate that geographically and astronomically, Pantai Tebing Karang Kerakas does not meet the clear view criteria for the azimuth range of 240-300 degrees. Specifically, Mount Agung obstructs the view at azimuth 248, and at azimuth 270, the sky is often covered with thick clouds, hindering hilal observation. Meteorologically, as discussed in the previous chapter, the weather at Pantai Tebing is less favorable during certain months. High rainfall in the region leads to thick cloud formation, frequently obstructing or failing hilal observations.
INTEGRASI NAVIGASI DAN RASI BINTANG (Tradisi Astronomi Masyarakat Etnis Sulawesi): Indonesia Hikmatul Adhiyah; Nur Aisyah
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v8i2.51279

Abstract

The existence of traditional knowledge about direction based on the position of the constellation is an intellectual work in the form of cultural manifestation, which was born as a form of identity of an ethnic group in Sulawesi. This knowledge is owned, applied, and maintained to this day by ethnic communities in Sulawesi. This is because there is an essence and existence of astronomy and ethnoastronomy as a science that continues to develop to this day. Based on this, the main problem in this study is how to determine navigation based on the constellations of the Sulawesi ethnic community in astronomy and ethnoastronomy. This study aims to determine and analyze the relationship between navigation and constellations of the Sulawesi ethnic community with astronomy and ethnoastronomy. Therefore, a qualitative descriptive method is used by describing the existing data sources, then analyzed inductively through an astronomical and ethnoastronomic approach. The results of the study show that the four ethnic communities of Sulawesi including the Bugis, Makasaar, Mandar, and Toraja ethnic groups have traditional knowledge about constellations to determine navigation in astronomical and ethnoastronomic observations.
PERSEPSI SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-JUNAIDIYAH BIRU TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN PENANGGALAN MASEHI DAN HIJRIYAH Nurul Wakia; Mustafa, Adriana; Uyuni, Hilyatul
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v8i2.51591

Abstract

Based on the information provided, the research examines the perception of students (santri) of Al-Junaidiyah Biru Islamic Boarding School towards the Gregorian and Hijri calendars. The research aims to address the following issues: Reality of Calendar Learning How is the learning of the Gregorian and Hijri calendars conducted in the formal Islamic education at Al-Junaidiyah Biru Islamic Boarding School, what is the perception and understanding of students at Al-Junaidiyah Biru Islamic Boarding School towards the Gregorian and Hijri calendars. The research methodology is field research (lapangan) utilizing a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection involves primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include literature such as books, journals, and dissertations that support the research. The findings suggest that students' perception of the Gregorian and Hijri calendars emphasizes their importance in relation to Islamic worship and daily life. The calendar curriculum is structured according to the Graduation Competence Standards (Standar Kompetensi Lulusan, SKL) established by the boarding school. The implications of the research propose that the curriculum on Islamic astronomy (ilmu falak) could be further developed based on the Ministry of Religious Affairs Regulation Number 13 of 2014 concerning Islamic Religious Education in Al-Junaidiyah Biru Islamic Boarding School. Additionally, it suggests the provision of instruments related to the calendar system within the boarding school. Overall, the study underscores the significance of calendar knowledge in Islamic education and highlights potential areas for curriculum enhancement and educational policy implementation within Al-Junaidiyah Biru Islamic Boarding School.
SIGNIFIKANSI OBSERVATORIUM DAN PLANETARIUM DI ERA MODERN Abdul Kohar
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v8i2.51599

Abstract

Observatory is a location that is used to observe events related to Outer Space or Earth. The observatory also developed from one generation to the next. The first observatory was founded in the Abbasid period al-Ma'unun, the Syammasiyah observatory. The characteristic of this period is that the observatory aims to produce ephimeris data from the Sun, Moon and planets, and catalog stars. The observatory in early Europe was marked by an observatory that built by Tycho Brahe. He made observations from 1588 to 1591 and he produced a catalog of 777 stars with increased accuracy. The results of this observation are used by Kepler to find the motion of planet ellipses. Furthermore, in the modern era, observatories are characterized by observing celestial bodies using the electromagnetic spectrum. The urgency of observatories in the modern era is as a science institution, as a way of collecting accurate astronomical data, the Royal Greenwich Observatory as a Prime Meridian point and as a way of determining worship times. Whereas, Planetarium is a theater to demonstrate the simulation of the arrangement of stars and the movement of celestial bodies. The Urgency of Planetarium is as an Astronomical Educational Vehicle and as a means of entertainment.
KAJIAN ETNOASTRONOMI DALAM KOSMOLOGI KEPERCAYAAN ALUK TO DOLO DI TANA TORAJA Farid, Firdaus; Rofiuddin, Ahmad Adib
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v8i2.51927

Abstract

This research examines ethnoastronomy in the context of the cosmology of Aluk ToDolo belief in Tana Toraja. Aluk Todolo is a traditional belief system of the Toraja people that has a close relationship with astronomical symbols and cosmology. This research aims to explore how the people of Tana Toraja utilize ethnoastronomical knowledge in the cosmological belief system of Aluk To Dolo and how this affects their traditional rites, ceremonies and social structures. The research method involved literature analysis, interviews with traditional leaders, and qualitative descriptive participatory observation using socio-historical, ethnological, and anthropological approaches and data collection was obtained from the review of textual studies. The results show that the elements of Ethnoastronomy in the Cosmology of Alok ToDolo belief are symbolized in the mapping of the universe in horizontal and vertical forms. The vertical form here is interpreted in the “four cardinal directions”, while the vertical mapping of the universe means that the universe consists of several layers.
INTERPRETASI KONTEKSTUAL DALAM MEMAHAMI HADIS PENETAPAN AWAL BULAN QAMARIAH as-Siddiq, Hasbi; Kurniati; Marilang
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.48844

Abstract

The purpose of writing this journal is to explain how contextual interpretation in understanding the hadith of determining the beginning of the Qamariah month. The absence of clear evidence that details the time limits, age or duration of a month, often causes differences in the implementation of the beginning of the fast of Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, Arafah fasting and Eid al-Adha in Indonesia. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research with a library research method, namely research by collecting data from books, journals, and other data that are related to the discussion theme. The results of this study are the use of contextual interpretation methods in understanding the evidence in the present day needs to be massively implemented by considering the context that surrounds or is related to the text, both in terms of history and socio-cultural aspects, then connected to the current context through a holistic, multidisciplinary approach, ushul fiqh or an approach related to contemporary science. As for efforts to contextualize the understanding of the hadiths regarding the determination of the beginning of the lunar month, it is necessary to pay attention to the context of the past (the time of the Prophet Muhammad) and the current context.
Pengaruh Pengambilan Data Ephemeris Berdasarkan Zona Waktu Terhadap Perhitungan Awal Waktu Salat Azkarrula, Youla; Azkarrula, Najzwa Hanifah
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.51969

Abstract

Five-time praying is valid if someone do the action when it has entered its time. The determination of prayer times need data from Ephemeris which is based on the sun’s motion. Here, the calculation needs sun’s declination and equation of time. Then how if someone do an error in taking Ephemeris data to calculate the time prayer. Should it affect the result. This research also examines how was the effect of prayer time using the taqribi sun’s motion in old books or kitab falak kuno. This article is library research using qualitative data presentation method. This research departs from the question that whether the difference in time zones will essentially affect the results of the calculation of the beginning of prayer time. The focus of this research is implied in whole globe of Earth by choosing four loci from China. This is due to the large area of China but using one type of time zone. From the calculation, the result is the ephemeris data retrieval errors in this calculation do not have a significant impact. There are three reasons why it is not that significant. First, when the Ephemeris data is calculated with trigonometric variables, it will produce smaller data than before. Second, Muslim only need the hour and minute not until the second. Third, there is an addition time to prayer times called ihtiyat or prudence.
KRITIK TERHADAP PENDAPAT IMAM ABU HANIFAH MENGENAI SYAFAQ ABYAD SEBAGAI PENANDA AWAL WAKTU SALAT ISYA Al Anshary, Ahmad Fuad
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.53869

Abstract

This study discusses the initial debate on the time of Isha prayer among scholars, which mainly involves differences of opinion between Imam Malik, Imam Syafi'i, and Imam Abu Hanifah. Imam Malik and Imam Syafi'i agreed that the time of Isha prayer begins with the disappearance of the red light (ash-Syafaq al-Ahmar) after sunset, while Imam Abu Hanifah argued that the time is marked by the disappearance of the white light (syafaq abyad). This difference arises from various interpretations of the word "syafaq" in Arabic which has multiple meanings. This study examines the social, cultural, and scientific contexts during the time of Imam Hanafi and the influence of the development of astronomy on determining prayer times. This article also analyzes the influence of geographical and climatic factors, showing that syafaq abyad is easier to observe in Baghdad compared to Indonesia. In Baghdad, the dry atmospheric conditions and minimal light pollution provide a sharper contrast, while in Indonesia, high humidity and light pollution make it difficult to observe the phenomenon. Furthermore, criticism of Imam Hanafi's opinion is expressed by considering a multi-disciplinary approach, including theology and astronomy, indicating the need for a more flexible and adaptive understanding in determining prayer times in various geographical contexts. The conclusion of this article shows the importance of integrating tradition with scientific advances to achieve more accurate and relevant worship practices in the modern era, reinforcing the need for open discussion among scholars, and increasing harmony in worship practices among Muslims throughout the world.
Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence (AI) Dalam Penentuan Arah Kiblat Hamas, Nuril Fathoni; Andri, Sela Septi
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.55375

Abstract

Facing the Qibla is one of the prerequisites for valid prayer. The methods of determining the Qibla direction have been extensively explored, ranging from simple methods to using highly advanced technology. The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, which is currently evolving, is designed to address various issues, including the Qibla direction. One of the evolving models is Natural Language Processing (NLP), which enables computers to understand human natural language. Even when given questions about the Qibla direction of a place, AI can respond with the azimuth value according to the desired city input by the user. The aim of this paper is to examine how the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in determining the Qibla direction, and to determine the accuracy of the Qibla direction produced by Artificial Intelligence. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with an experimental approach, which is used to investigate the influence of certain treatments on others under controlled conditions. In this case, primary data sources are taken from artificial intelligence given keywords (prompts) to obtain the Qibla direction of a city. Then, the results of the Qibla direction from the artificial intelligence machine (AI) are analyzed based on fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) and astronomical principles. The results of this study indicate that there is artificial intelligence that produces accurate calculations of the direction of the Qibla, namely ChatGPT, while others are still not completely accurate because the answers produced by the artificial intelligence have not applied mathematical principles in their calculations so that they cannot be relied on as a guideline in determining the direction of the Qibla. Therefore, further development is needed in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in determining the direction of the Qibla.
REFORMULASI ZIJ AL-SULṬĀN ULUGH BEK DALAM MENENTUKAN AWAL BULAN KAMARIAH DI INDONESIA Abdul Kohar; Sofyan, Muhammad Saleh
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.55764

Abstract

Zij al-Sulṭān Ulugh Bek is a 15th century astronomical catalogue, one of the zijs used as an important reference to determine important times in the Hijri calendar for Muslims in Indonesia, such as the beginning of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr. However, despite its great historical value, Zij al-Sulṭān needs to be updated and adjusted to current conditions and developments in Astronomy. Comparison of the results of Hisab Awal Bulan Kamariah with contemporary hisab and Nurul Anwar's true hisab reveals that Zij al-Sulṭān has good accuracy, but there is a difference in the ijtimak time and the height of the crescent moon in a few minutes. Therefore, to improve accuracy, corrections and adjustments need to be made according to geographical differences, more modern astronomical calculations, and the use of sophisticated astronomical equipment and software. This study provides an alternative calculation to develop Zij al-Sulṭān to have better accuracy as a hisab for determining the beginning of the lunar month in Indonesia.

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