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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
 78   79   80   81   82 
Genetic Diversity of Flying Fish (Exocoetidae) in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Indrayani, Indrayani; Ambardini, Sri; Pariakan, Arman; Nur, Indriyani
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 4 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.4.744-749

Abstract

Flying fish (Exocoetidae) is a pelagic fishery commodity that holds economic value among the people of eastern Indonesia. Flying fish are advantageous as they are abundant in Indonesian sea waters, making them an affordable source of omega-3, which is beneficial for human health. However, the high demand for flying fish has resulted in overfishing, which poses a risk of reducing their natural population. Proper management of this commodity is necessary to minimize these risks. Effective management requires adequate information, including genetic diversity data. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of flying fish in Southeast Sulawesi, specifically in the Banda Sea and Bone Bay populations. Tissue samples were collected from flying fish in the two populations during the study in March 2022. The results show that the genetic diversity values of flying fish in Bone Bay and the Banda Sea were 0.984 and 1.00, respectively, while the nucleotide diversity values were 0.021 and 0.018. High genetic diversity values and nucleotide diversity values were found between the two populations, with values of 0.990 and 0.020, respectively. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the two populations in Southeast Sulawesi are genetically similar.
Begomovirus Infection Patterns in Melons of Indonesian Lowlands: Growth Trends Among Ecosystems and Genotypes Hadi, Rizko; Hartono, Sedyo; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.498-506

Abstract

Melon plants are challenged with diseases caused by begomovirus. To understand the epidemiology, ecology, and evolution of this genus, information about its temporal and spatial patterns of infection in specific ecosystems is needed. This paper aimed to report begomovirus infections in melon plants cultivated in greenhouse ecosystems under local climactic conditions in the Indonesian lowlands. To achieve this goal, we determined the begomovirus infection rates, plant physiological characteristics, and whitefly number. The data obtained were then analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation. We documented the symptoms of begomovirus infection in melon plants cultivated in Indonesian lowlands. We also documented begomovirus infections in melon plants, which increased from the first exposure to after the reproductive phase. In different artificial ecosystems, we explained differential patterns of begomovirus infections in melon plants. Finally, we captured the variation in infection conditions found among melon host genotypes.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Kampung Chicken Carcasses Nurjanah, Siti; Rahayu, Winiati P.; Sanjaya, Stephen
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.2.229-240

Abstract

Kampung chicken meats have been widely consumed in Indonesia as well as broiler chicken. However, the extensive rearing allowed multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria exposure to kampung chicken, including through horizontal gene transfer. This study aimed to observe the correlation between the phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella spp. isolated from kampung chicken carcasses. Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance was evaluated by Kirby-Bauer's disk diffusion method, while the detection of drug resistance genes in seventeen isolates of Salmonella was carried out by PCR. All (17/17) isolates were susceptible to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. Most isolates of Salmonella were resistant to erythromycin (82%; 14/17), while the decreased susceptibility (intermediate category) most occurred in oxytetracycline (82%; 14/17). Salmonella Typhimurium showed a resistance pattern to more antimicrobial groups than S. Newport and S. Weltevreden. Several antimicrobial resistance genes (blaTEM, tetG, cmlA, gyrA) were present in all (17/17) isolates of Salmonella spp. Resistance to antimicrobial agents and the presence of resistance genes were not always related. This study could provide beneficial information regarding the transmission of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella spp. from kampung chickens.
The Toxicity Test of Synthetic Insecticides on Tetragonula laeviceps (Apidae: Meliponini) Hasanah, Ina Rubiatul; Mubin, Nadzirum; Sartiami, Dewi; Priawandiputra, Windra; Dadang
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.2.271-283

Abstract

Intense insecticide application is thought to cause a decline in bee colonies worldwide. Bees are effective pollinators in increasing the production of agricultural commodities. The stingless bee Tetragonula laeviceps (Apidae: Meliponini) is widely cultivated and found around plantations. The insecticides used in the toxicity test were imidacloprid 200 g/L, fipronil 50 g/L, lambda-cyhalothrin 25 g/L, profenofos 500 g/L, and chlorantraniliprole 50 g/L followed by a semi-field test using imidacloprid, fipronil, and profenofos insecticides on the cucumber plant. The LC50 value showed that exposure to imidacloprid, fipronil, and profenofos insecticides caused toxic effects on T. laeviceps by contact and orally. Lambda-cyhalothrin was found harmful on contact exposure, in contrast, chlorantraniliprole was harmful through oral. Classification of insecticide toxicity based on LD50 contact for imidacloprid, fipronil, lambda-cyhalothrin, and profenofos were very toxic and needed a risk assessment. However, chlorantraniliprole was classified as moderately toxic and low risk. In semi-field test results, imidacloprid and fipronil insecticides caused a significant decrease in the leave-return and bee-visiting activity on cucumber flowers. These insecticides also produced a low average yield of fruit weight. Insecticide application can affect the role of T. laeviceps as the pollinator which impacts the production of agricultural commodities.
Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of Sand Crab (Albunea symmysta) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Hippoidea) from Java and Papua, Indonesia Putri, Vinna Windy; Widayati, Kanthi; Wardiatno, Yusli; Farajallah, Achmad
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 4 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.4.671-677

Abstract

In Indonesia, the sand crab Albunea symmysta distribution includes Java, Sumatra, and Moluccas. Populations are assumed to be differentiated between western and eastern Indonesia due to the Wallace line; however, no information on the genetic diversity and differentiation of A. symmysta in Indonesia is available. This study was conducted to clarify the genetic diversity and differentiation of A. symmysta in Indonesia. During the sampling campaign, A. symmysta specimens were found only in Java and Papua. Genetic analysis based on the 643-bp fragment of the partial COI gene from 32 individuals revealed significant genetic differentiation between the Java and Papua populations (FST = 0.94, p < 0.005). The haplotype connectivity of the five A. symmysta sampling sites revealed a two-clade network. Based on analysis of molecular variance, most of the variation was found among populations (94.21%) rather than within populations (5.79%). Tajima's D and Fu's FS values indicated a population expansion. Overall, the findings support a high level of differentiation between the Java and Papua A. symmysta populations, suggesting the separation of population stocks due to low connectivity.
Effect of Drought Stress on Proline Gene Expression, Enzyme Activity, and Physiological Responses in Thai Mulberry (Morus spp.) Nutthapornnitchakul, Surapa; Sonjaroon, Weerasin; Putthisawong, Nutdanai; Thumthuan, Natnicha; Tasanasuwan, Piyama; Jantasuriyarat, Chatchawan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.559-571

Abstract

Mulberries are vital for the silk industry as the sole natural food for silkworms, but their quality and quantity can be greatly impacted by environmental factors, notably water shortages or droughts. In this study, the proline content and expression levels of the Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) gene in four recommended Thai mulberry varieties (Sakhonnakorn, Sakhonnakorn 85, Burirum 60, and Srisaket 84) and one standard drought tolerant variety (SRCM9809-34) were measured under drought stress. Additionally, physiological data and antioxidative enzymatic activities were also examined. The findings revealed that SRCM9809-34, a drought-tolerant variety, had the lowest proline content, followed by Sakhonnakorn 85, Burirum 60, while the highest proline content was observed in Srisaket 84. Although there was no correlation between the expression level of the P5CR gene and proline content, the overall trend in all varieties was the same: proline content increased after drought conditions. Regarding physiological responses, the wilting score showed similar results to proline content, with SRCM9809-34 having the lowest proline content and wilting score. Moreover, SRCM9809-34 exhibited the highest RWC, Pn and WUE values, as well as the lowest level of MDA and H2O2. Our results validated and indicated that SRCM9809-34 is a drought-tolerant variety. From this finding, among the four Thai mulberry varieties, Sakhonnakorn 85 exhibited the highest potential for drought tolerance, and this potential can be enhanced through crossbreeding with SRCM9809-34.
Cloning and Extracellular Expression of Glargine in Pichia pastoris Hardianto, Dudi; Martius, Efrida; Rostinawati, Tina; Safarrida, Anna; Royani, Juwartina Ida; Assyifa, Fahroziah; Laziba, Dihan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.2.248-255

Abstract

Patients with diabetes mellitus increase significantly every year. The increasing number of people with diabetes mellitus results in increased insulin requirements. There are two types of insulin used for diabetes mellitus treatment: human insulin and insulin analogues. Escherichia coli, Pichia pastoris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Hansenula polymorpaha has been used to produce human insulin and insulin analogues. Pichia pastoris can produce glargine in large quantities, and the insulin protein produced will be secreted outside the cell to facilitate the purification process. The advantage of glargine has a long working time of up to 24 hours. Hence, glargine is more effective because patients with diabetes receive glargine injections only once daily. The research started with cloning the glargine gene, transforming pPICZαA-G plasmid into Pichia pastoris, and testing glargine production. 20 recombinant Pichia pastoris colonies were selected and regenerated. Eight recombinant Pichia pastoris colonies were tested for glargine production, and six colonies were detected producing glargine by electrophoresis SDS-PAGE gel stained with Coomassie blue. This study aims to produce glargine using Pichia pastoris as an expression system capable of producing glargine extracellularly, thus simplifying the purification process.
Comparing Effectiveness of Hand Pollination, Wild Insects and Local Stingless Bees (Tetragonula laeviceps) for Pollination of Exotic Mauritius Raspberry (Rubus rosifolius) Putra, Ramadhani; Dewangga, Rezha Tanu; Hermawan, Endang; Kinasih, Ida; Raffiudin, Rika; Soesilohadi, RC Hidayat; Purnobasuki, Hery
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1050-1060

Abstract

Mauritius raspberry (Rubus rosifolius) is an exotic plant cultivated in Indonesia. Studies showed that the productivity of exotic plants is reducing due to a lack of pollination agent for their origin region. Several methods could be applied to overcome this problem. The study aimed to find the most effective method for pollinating this plant among four pollination regimes: Self-pollination, wild insects, stingless bees (Tetragonula laeviceps), and hand-pollination. The observation was conducted on the insect pollinators' activities (visitation rate, flower constancy, and flower handling time), pollination efficiency, and quality of the fruits produced (fruit volume). The results showed a higher visitation rate (10 to 70 per hour), higher flower constancy (visited from 07.00 to 16.00), and longer flower handling time (13.6 s) of T. laeviceps on raspberry flowers than other insects. High activities related to better raspberry pollination success (96%) and bigger fruits produced. Based on this study, applying stingless bees as pollination agents for exotic plants was the best and potentially applicable to other exotic crops.
Annonacin and Squamocin Conjugation with Nanodiamond Alters Metastatic Marker Expression in Breast Cancer Cell Line Dewi, Firli Rahmah Primula; Sri Puji Astuti Wahyuningsih; Adelah Putri Milenia Sari; Umi Nur Alfiah; Vuanghao Lim; Ummi Zubaidah; Alfiah Hayati
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.2.211-220

Abstract

Breast cancer can perform metastasis to distant organs and cause more than 90% of malignancy-related deaths. The anti-metastasis potency of nanodiamond-conjugated annonacin and squamocin against MCF-7 cells is currently studied. First, IC50 determination of both free annonacin and squamocin to evaluate their potency as cytotoxic agents. Upon getting the IC50 value, both compounds are conjugated into nanodiamonds. Drug loading efficiencies of nanodiamond-conjugated annonacin and squamocin are 88.9% and 89.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, the ND-annonacin and ND-squamocin complex size is 150-300 nm based on SEM imaging. Subsequently, cell viability assessment of MCF-7 was performed with six cohort designs, namely, K (control cell), AN (annonacin), SQ (squamocin), NDAN (nanodiamond-conjugated annonacin), and NDSQ (nanodiamond-conjugated squamocin). Both IC50 and cell viability are assessed by MTT assay after 24 h incubation. All cohorts also underwent gene expression analysis subject to the metastasis markers CTNND1 (catenin delta 1), NOTCH4, and C-JUN. Here, the IC50 of both free annonacin (4.52 µg/ml) and squamocin (10.03 µg/ml) are more than IC50 of potent anticancer (< 4 µg/ml) for pure compounds. However, nanodiamond conjugation to both compounds can decrease cell viability better than free compounds. Compared to K, nanodiamond-conjugated annonacin and squamocin significantly decreases cell viability after 24 h incubation. Bioinformatics analysis confirmed significant pro-metastasis (C-JUN and NOTCH4) upregulation and anti-metastasis (CTNND1) downregulation in tumors compared to normal. Recent findings demonstrated that nanodiamond-conjugated annonacin can significantly upregulate CTNND1 and significantly downregulate C-JUN and NOTCH4. Even so, nanodiamond-conjugated squamocin upregulate CTNND1 but not significantly and significantly downregulate C-JUN and NOTCH4.
Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Hevea brasiliensis Leaves Extract Kusumarn Noipha; Piyanuch Suwannarat; Supattra Prom-in; Titpawan Nakpheng
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.2.241-247

Abstract

Belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family, the Para rubber tree is formally referred to as Hevea brasiliensis in scientific terms. It is commonly known as an important economic commodity in Thailand because the natural rubber primarily originates from the milky latex obtained from the tree. However, the available research on the phytochemicals found in different parts of the rubber tree and their biological effects is quite restricted. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial activity studies on the crude dry leaf extracts of H. brasiliensis. The results indicated the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, coumarin, flavonoids, saponin, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids. The total phenolic content was 63.95±4.31 mgGAE/g in the ethanolic leaf extract. The ethanolic extract displayed notable effectiveness in scavenging free radicals (71.2±0.17%) at 500 μg/ml concentration and antioxidant capacity (the lowest IC50 value 42.57±0.91 μg/ml). The ethanol extract of the leaf of H. brasiliensis showed inhibition zone on all of the selected bacteria (gram-positive; Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and gram-negative; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) at 200 mg/ml. In conclusion, the dried leaves of H. brasiliensis compose phytochemicals that exhibit antioxidant and antibacterial activities and possesses the potential to act as a reservoir of plant-derived antibiotics and natural antioxidants.

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