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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
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Identification, Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Yellowish-Orange Pigments Actinobacteria Farhana Halimah Rusyda; Irmanida Batubara; Yulin Lestari
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.200-210

Abstract

Actinobacteria are Gram-positive bacteria that can produce various secondary metabolites, including pigments that have potential as antioxidants. This study assessed the characteristics of yellowish-orange pigmented actinobacteria. The antioxidant activity of their extract pigment was tested by DPPH and analyzed by LC-MS. The identification results based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that the HRA isolate had 99.91% similarity value to Streptomyces gramineus JR-43, the HVA isolate had 99.22% similarities value to S. tendae ATCC 19812 and the HVB isolate had 81.18% similarities value to Rhodococcus ruber DSM 43338. Meanwhile, AGM 2.2 and 2.3 isolates had similarities to S. xanthophaeus NRRL B-5414 with similarity values of 98.95% and 99.82%, respectively. The Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) of actinobacterial crude extract pigments ranges from 53.38 µg/ml to 184.38 µg/ml. The HVB isolates with the major compound luteolin, have the highest antioxidant activity. The crude extract pigment of HVB isolates may consider rich in luteolin and has potency as an antioxidant.
The First Evidence of Potential Antibacterial Activity of Laccase Enzyme from Indonesian White Rot Fungi against Pathogenic Bacteria Sita Heris Anita; Deni Zulfiana; Ananda Digita; Nafisah Nuha; Vilya Syafriana; Amelia Febriani; Dede Heri Yuli Yanto
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.133-144

Abstract

The antibacterial agent can be extracted from plants, animals, and microorganisms such as fungi. The potential antibacterial activity of laccase derived from fungi remains limited in current reports. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of laccase from Indonesian white rot fungi (WRF) and explore its potential as an antibacterial agent. The laccases were produced by Trametes hirsuta D7, Trametes hirsuta EDN 082, Leiotrametes menziesii BRB 73, and Lentinus sajor-caju BRB 12 using oil palm empty fruit bunch as a substrate. The results showed that the Indonesian WRF tested produced brownish-yellow laccase. FTIR analysis demonstrated similar peak patterns but distinct absorption intensities among the laccases. Trametes hirsuta D7 gained 0.044 U/ml of the greatest laccase activity. Laccase, with minimal activity of 0.001 U/ml–0.026 U/ml, suppressed the propagation of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa could be inhibited by the laccase with a minimum activity of 0.002 U/ml–0.044 U/ml. However, S. aureus and E. coli showed the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration in the laccase activity range of 0.018 U/ml–0.308 U/ml. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria grow more slowly when the laccase is present, supposed the laccase as a potential antibacterial agent.
Oxidative Stress, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α, and Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in the Hearts of Rats Exposed to Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Wardaya Wardaya; Wawan Mulyawan; Sri Widia A Jusman; Mohamad Sadikin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.39-47

Abstract

Hypobaric hypoxia is situation that might occur to helicopter pilots in Indonesia who must fly at an altitude of more than 3,048 m such as in Papua. It can be dangerous because hypoxic condition can affect person's performance. So far, the heart is known as an aerobic organ and very sensitive to hypoxic conditions. Hitherto, the effects of hypobaric hypoxia exposure on biomolecular aspects of the heart are still unclear. Therefore, this study assessed cardiac response in rats exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) (equivalent to 3,048 meters/10,000 feet). Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control; acute hypobaric hypoxia (AHH); and IHH, for 7; 14; 21; and 28 days. We measured super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), cytoglobin, myoglobin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2 level as our parameters. Activities of SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH increased while the levels of MDA, cytoglobin, myoglobin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2 decreased in all IHH groups compared with the AHH group. A biphasic pattern was observed as IHH sessions increased from 14 to 21 or 28. Where the IHH treatment for more than 14 sessions caused a decrease in endogenous antioxidants, but the response to hypoxia and oxidative stress increased. Our findings presented the molecular alterations of cardiac rats exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia.
Diversity of Harvested Gastropods in Guang-Guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines Imee S. Maynawang; Edison D Macusi; Nur Fadli; Ivy M. Nallos
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.153-160

Abstract

Gastropods are a highly abundant group of mollusks in the marine environment. Marine gastropods primarily function as prey for other animals, grazers which help recycle nutrients and increase bioturbation activities in the marine ecosystem. Edible gastropods are significant to the economy of coastal communities. However, overexploitation leads to harming the population of marine gastropods. The study aimed to determine the diversity of gastropods harvested at Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental. It also assessed the abundance of the identified gastropods in the area. This study used purposive sampling to enroll gleaners (N = 30) who collected shells and monitored their gastropod harvest. The harvested gastropods were segregated, counted, and identified with the help of gleaners. A total of ten gastropod species were identified from the family of Strombidae, Conidae, Neritidae, Cypraeidae, and Turbinidae. The most abundant group after harvest was Canarium urceus, with a relative abundance of 67%, followed by Ilyanassa obsoleta, with 22%. However, the least harvested species was Nerita, with a relative abundance of 0.18%. The findings revealed that the harvested gastropods in Guang-guang have a diversity index of 0.99, indicating a low diversity of gastropods in the area. This low diversity could mean the area experienced overexploitation through time as gleaners have heavily harvested gastropods. With that, it is highly recommended that conservation should be prioritized to preserve the seashells.
The Genetic Variability of Indonesian Local Foxtail Millet Accession Based on Agro-morphological Traits and Early Salinity Tolerance Evaluation Utilizing SiDREB2-based SNAP Marker Sri Ratnawati; Rika Miftakhul Jannah; Yuli Irvana Dewi; Ramadaniarto Rizqullah; Willy Bayuardi Suwarno; Sintho Wahyuning Ardie
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.82-93

Abstract

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) is a grain-producing crop with high nutritional benefits and adaptability to broad environmental conditions. Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions are valuable genetic resources for crop improvement of the species. This study aims to assess the biodiversity of Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions and estimate their salinity tolerance level utilizing the SiDREB2-based SNAP marker and early evaluation at the seedling stage. Our results showed that eight Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions, namely Toraja, Mauliru-2, Hambapraing, NTB-1, ICERI-5, ICERI-6, Botok-4, and Botok-10, had high variability based on agro-morphological traits. The Hambapraing and Mauliru-2 were the potential accessions with high yield estimates (2.33 ton.ha-1 and 1.93 ton.ha-1) and early harvest time (<110 DAT). ICERI-6 was indicated as a salinity-tolerant genotype based on the SiDREB2-based marker and early salinity evaluation at the seedling stage, while Toraja, Mauliru-2, NTB-1, and Botok-4 were categorized as sensitive genotypes. Germplasm variability and the estimated salinity tolerance level of Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions presented in this study serve as essential information in the foxtail millet breeding for high productivity, early harvest time, and salinity tolerant variety.
Antimicrobial Potential of an Actinomycete Gordonia terrae JSN1.9-Derived Orange Pigment Extract Siti Sholekha; Sri Budiarti; Akhmad Endang Zainal Hasan; Ni Putu Ratna Ayu Krishanti; Aris Tri Wahyudi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.161-170

Abstract

Actinomycetes are known to be a source of natural products and drugs. Gordonia terrae, an actinomycete pigment producer, shows potential in producing pigment with antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of the active pigment fraction produced by the actinomycete G. terrae, assess the effects of the active pigment fraction on microbial cells, and identify the types of compounds present in the fraction. The pigment extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Specifically, it showed activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Furthermore, the study evaluated the antimicrobial activities of the active fractions, revealed the active fraction had better antimicrobial activity than the crude extract. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that the active fraction of the pigment causes damage to B. subtilis ATCC 6633 cells, inhibits the formation of filaments in C. albicans ATCC 10231, and alters the normal shape of the cells. LC-MS/MS results showed that the active fraction contained several compounds known for their antimicrobial activity. Among the dominant compounds identified were cholestyramine, aminopregnane, and sphinganine. Thus, this study demonstrated that the orange pigment extract derived from G. terrae JSN1.9 exhibits promising antimicrobial activity.
Effect of Averrhoa bilimbi Leaf Extract on Blood Glucose Level, Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), and Liver Histology of Diabetic Mice Alan Verangga; Nur Qomariyah; Firas Khaleyla
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.102-109

Abstract

Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract (BLE) contains high antioxidant levels. Antioxidants can suppress reactive oxygen species produced during hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes mellitus (DM), which cause damage to liver tissue. This study aimed to determine the BLE effect on fasting blood glucose (FBG), Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), and liver tissue damage. We used 24 mice in 6 different groups, divided by N (normal), K- (DM), K+ (DM+glibenclamide 0.013mg/20gBW), E1 (DM+ extract 6.3mg/20gBW), E2 (DM+ extract 8.4mg/20gBW), and E3 (DM + extract 10.5mg/20gBW). We used an alloxan dose of 120mg/kgBW to induce the DM and then treated with BLE for 14 days. We measured the fasting blood glucose using a glucometer. In addition, we evaluated the liver tissue damage with HSI and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) stained histological slides. The results showed that BLE significantly reduced the percentage of FBG and liver tissue damage, while HSI showed no significant difference. The most optimal extract dose was 8.4 mg/20gBW (E2 group), with an FBG decrease of 26.44%, a normal cell percentage of 88.56%, and an HSI score of 6.18%. Based on this finding, we concluded that bilimbi leaf extract could lower blood glucose and improve liver histology of diabetic mice but did not significantly affect HSI.
Parang Romang (Boehmeria virgata (Frost.) Guill.): Correlation of Phytochemistry with Antioxidant and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities Arsul, Muhammad Ikhlas; Fidrianny, Irda; Insanu, Muhamad
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.457-464

Abstract

Secondary metabolites such as phenolic and flavonoid from the plant are essential in their activity, especially activities related to the prevention of oxidation and the inhibition of xanthine oxidase. One plant that is believed to have prevention of oxidation and XOI and correlates with secondary metabolites is parang romang. The purpose of this study is to assess the antioxidant capacity and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of parang romang, and to examine their relationship with the TPC and TFC. Total phenolic and flavonoid were measured for all parts, and the DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC methods determined antioxidant capacity. The activity of xanthine oxidase inhibition was also assessed. Flavonoids, alkaloids, and coumarin were found in parang romang. The steroid/triterpenoid was found in the stem, leaves, and flower; saponin was in the roots and flower; quinone and tannin were only in the roots. The root gave the highest of TPC, while the flower had the highest TFC. The highest antioxidant capacity was found in roots, leaves, flowers, and stems. The highest xanthine oxidase inhibitory was given by leaves (9.74±0.14 µg/ml), followed by flower, steam, and rood. The correlation was shown between the phenolic and flavonoid quantities and the actions of antioxidants and xanthine oxidase inhibitors.
Virulence Evaluation of Aeromonas spp. KS-1 Isolated from Kitchen Sponge using Omphisa fuscidentalis Larvae Ilsan, Noor Andryan; Inggrain, Maulin; Nurfajriah, Siti; Yunita, Melda; Priyanto, Jepri Agung; Ramanda, Viqih
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 4 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.4.613-620

Abstract

Aeromonas spp. causes the human diseases including diarrhea, gastroenteritis, and bacteremia. Aeromonas spp. can be found in kitchen sponge, one of the reservoirs for food-borne bacterial pathogens. Virulence study of Aeromonas spp. in vivo in animal model is important since the animal model can mimic manifestasions in human infections. Omphisa fuscidentalis was chosen for alternative virulence model, since they are in the same taxonomical order with the well-known infections model, Galleria mellonella. Bacterial isolation and selection of kitchen sponge used Brain Heart Infusion agar and Endo Agar, respectively. Bacterial virulence of KS-1 was injected into Omphisa fuscidentalis larvae. Survival percentage and melanization score of infected larvae were evaluated. Hemolymph of larvae with melanization score of 1 and 4 were stained with Giemsa method to observe the hemocyte changes. Bacterial identification of isolate KS-1 based on 16S rRNA sequence resulted in 96.9% identity to Aeromonas spp. strain VS7. Isolate KS-1 injection to O. fuscidentalis revealed higher bacterial dosage resulting more severe symptoms to the larvae according to survival percentage and melanization score. However, statistical analysis showed evaluation of melanization score could distinguish larvae with 106 and 107 CFU/larva dosage injection, while evaluation of survival percentage could not. Hemocyte of larvae with melanization score 1 had larger and more cytoplasmic vacuolization than the score 4 (healthy larvae). Omphisa fuscidentalis is an alternative of insect model for bacterial infections with survival percentage and melanization score as the evaluation. Cytoplasmic vacuolization of hemocyte can be used as larvae’s health indicator in a cellular level.
Effectivity of Silver Nanoparticles-Temu Giring (Curcuma heyneana) Rhizome on Inhibiting the Growth of Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infection Nurjamil, Aris Muhamad; Ekajaya, Renandy Kristianlie; Saputro, William Junino; Sururi, Zaki Fahreza; Kusumawaty, Diah
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.2.284-292

Abstract

Biofilms are a common cause of nosocomial infections that often attack hospitalized patients. The main objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of silver nanoparticles-temu giring rhizomes in combating bacteria and preventing biofilm formation. The antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of these nanoparticles were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The research began with the extraction of temu giring rhizome, synthesis of silver nanoparticles-temu giring rhizome, disk diffusion test, biofilm formation inhibitory activity test, and characterization of silver nanoparticles-temu giring rhizome. In this research, silver nanoparticles-temu giring rhizome were utilized at concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 μg/ml, and a control in the form of chlorhexidine. The results showed that the silver nanoparticles-temu giring rhizome produced a larger inhibition zone for bacterial growth compared to the control against the three bacteria. The IC50 value of silver nanoparticles-temu giring rhizome required to inhibit biofilm formation was 27.64 μg/ml in E. coli, 29.29 μg/ml in P. aeruginosa, and 26.21 μg/ml in S. aureus. In P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and S. aureus, the IC50 for preventing biofilm formation by silver nanoparticles-temu giring rhizome was determined to be 27.64 μg/ml, 29.29 μg/ml, and 26.21 μg/ml, respectively. Evaluation of silver nanoparticles revealed the success of temu giring rhizomes in reducing silver ions. This is shown that silver nanoparticles-temu giring rhizomes can be developed into active ingredients that inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause nosocomial infections.

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