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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
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Articles 1,091 Documents
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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees Extract via Inhibition of Spike-mediated Syncytia Formation in HEK293T Cell Model Prasetyaningrum, Pekik Wiji; Kastian, Ria Fajarwati; Novianti, Metta; Santoso, Adi; Septisetyani, Endah Puji
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.5.996-1006

Abstract

The resurgence of COVID-19 endemic cases at the end of 2023 has underscored the need for effective treatments. Some severe cases of COVID-19 are often characterized by the formation of multinucleated syncytial pneumocytes in the lungs. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the potential of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f) Nees as an antivirus against SARS-CoV-2, which involves syncitia formation. We utilized the non-toxic concentrations of A. paniculata extract on HEK293T cells determined by MTT assay, which were 1 μg/ml (cell viability 97.96%) and 10 μg/ml (cell viability 95.24%) for further assays. First, we conducted a pseudovirus cellular entry assay as a model of SARS-CoV-2 infection in HEK293T cells expressing hACE2/TMPRSS2. The HEK293T cells were co-transfected with plasmids expressing hACE2 and TMPRSS2, then infected with pseudotyped spike*∆G-GFP rVSV with or without A. paniculata extract. The internalized pseudovirus would trigger GFP expression as a reporter of the infected cells. Next, we performed a syncytia assay by transfecting HEK293T cells with hACE2, TMPRSS2, and SARS-CoV-2 spike expression vectors to induce syncytia formation as a model of intercellular viral transmission. As the results, 10 μg/mL of the extract significantly lowered the number of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus-infected cells by 54.69% (P = 0.02) and spike-mediated syncytia formation by 42.39% (P<0.001). In conclusion, our results suggested that A. paniculata has a potential antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 by hindering virus infection and cell-to-cell transmission.
A Kinetic Approach for Employing Two Duckweed Species, Lemna minor, and Spirodela polyrhiza, in the Sustainable Aquaculture Wastewater Treatment and Fish Feed Production Rifai, Ridwan Muhamad; Yulistyorini, Anie; Siswahyudi, Dwi; Pratiwi, Jenvia Rista; Fauzi, Ichsan Achmad; Rachminiwati, Nina
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1223-1230

Abstract

Duckweed, a widely used natural fish feed, has also become more popular as the phytoremediation agent for wastewater, including one sourced from aquaculture. These two features indicate that duckweed can be utilized in a sustainable aquaculture system by treating and reclaiming nutrients from wastewater and then harvesting them for fish feed production. Hence, this study attempted to assess the approach of the two most known duckweed species, i.e., Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza, in depleting NH4 and PO4 from synthetic controlled aquaculture wastewater as well as to understand their yield based on the N : P ratio. Cultivation in synthetic aquaculture wastewater media was carried out, followed by nutrient uptake and growth analysis. According to statistical analysis, both L. minor and S. polyrhiza could remove NH4 and PO4 with a relatively equal rate (p-val > 0.050). Nonetheless, both duckweed species absorb nitrogen more easily than phosphorous (p-val < 0.050). Considering the yield based on nutrient uptake, NH4 drove a more efficient yield for L. minor to S. polyrhiza at 16.70 g dry biomass/g NH4 and 14.14 g dry biomass/g NH4, respectively. Meanwhile, a higher yield was observed on S. polyrhiza than on L. minor regarding PO4 concentration, at 19.31 g dry biomass/g PO4 and 9.10 g dry biomass/g PO4, respectively. Therefore, a strategy to remove nutrients and produce biomass for fish feed can be formulated based on the N : P concentration ratio, where L. minor tends to produce biomass more rapidly in a higher N : P ratio, whereas S. polyrhiza works in the opposite.
Distinct Island Lineages of Binturong (Arctictis binturong) from Indonesia and Its Conservation Implications Hardian, Andreas Bandang; Rahmawati, Irhamna Putri; Widayanti, Rini; Aninta, Sabhrina Gita
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.5.916-928

Abstract

Binturong (Arctictis binturong) is a threatened carnivore that inhabits the forests of South and Southeast Asia. Despite its wide range, binturong is relatively scarce across its habitat distribution and is currently under the threat of poaching and illegal trade. Captive breeding has unfortunately been conducted rather haphazardly with a lack of origin record maintained, implicating potential risks to the management such as inbreeding or genetic swamping. This study thus aims to characterise the phylogenetic relationship of Indonesian binturong within the context of Southeast Asian binturong and further probe the distinctness of lineages originating from Java, Sumatra, Indonesian Borneo, and Bangka using Cytochrome B (CytB) and Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1). Genetic distance, phylogram topology, and haplotype analysis of both encoding genes further corroborate the distinctness of Java, Borneo, and Bangka binturong from other binturong from Indochinese regions such as India, Laos, and Myanmar. Search for prospective single nucleotide polymorphism markers to discriminate island lineages consistently found that each Java, Bangka, and Bornean binturong be distinct from each other and other lineages, especially when assessed using haplotype-based clustering. Assigning binturong originated from Sumatra is nonetheless more complicated, suggesting the possibility. Our findings substantiated the much-needed systematic research of Southeast Asian binturong as ex-situ insurance population management grows in Indonesia and other parts of the world to protect the diversity of binturong lineages and their corresponding unique evolutionary history.
Black-Pigmented Marine Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exhibiting Anti-Bacterial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Wound Infection Bacteria Prastiyanto, Muhammad Evy; Darmawati, Sri; Daryono, Budi Setiadi; Retnaningrum, Endah
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.5.880-890

Abstract

The urgency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections in wounds is a significant concern due to the high prevalence of MDR in healthcare settings. Black pigmented marine bacteria, strain PS1C, were isolated from marine sediment on Awur Beach Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia, and cultured in the laboratory. The aim of this research includes molecular identification of strain PS1C, extracting black pigment from strain PS1C, isolation of MDR bacteria from wounds, and evaluating the antibacterial activity of black pigment from strain PS1C against MDR bacteria isolates of wound infections. We examined the 16S rRNA gene sequences strain PS1C to identify the species. Then, the black pigment from PS1C was extracted using methanol: acetone (7:3) solvent. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against MDR bacteria from wounds with the microdilution method. A black-pigmented bacterium was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS1C. We found that the black pigment from P. aeruginosa PS1C can be developed as an antibacterial agent against the MDR bacterial isolate of wounds with MIC and MBC values of 6.25-12.5 mg/ml and 6.25-25 mg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, the study's findings highlight the potential of the extract of black pigment from P. aeruginosa PS1C as an antibacterial agent against wound-causing MDR bacteria and reinforce previous research into P. aeruginosa can be isolated from marine sources. Additional in vivo investigations and the identification of the antibacterial activity's mode of action are required.
Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Properties of Eclipta prostrata Extracts Wongkattiya, Nalin; Sanguansermsri, Phanchana; Akawatchai, Chareeporn; Fraser, Ian; Sanguansermsri, Donruedee
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1165-1172

Abstract

Eclipta prostrata is traditionally used in Asian medicine to treat skin diseases. Given the side effects and bacterial resistance of conventional treatments, especially in aging populations, alternative therapies are needed. This study assesses the antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of E. prostrata extracts, focusing on optimizing extraction and fractionation methods for better efficacy. Dried whole plants were extracted with ethanol. Antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, S. epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using broth microdilution to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). Antioxidant activity was assessed using a DPPH radical scavenging assay, and cytotoxicity was tested in Vero cells using an MTT assay. The MIC values for crude ethanol extracts ranged from 1.56 to 3.12 mg/ml, and from 0.78 to 1.56 mg/ml for fractionated compounds, indicating increased antibacterial efficacy in fractionated compounds. Antioxidant assays showed an IC50 of 0.666 mg/ml for crude extracts and 0.174 mg/ml for fractionated compounds, indicating higher antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content was 23.25±2.03 mg GAE/g for crude extracts and 95.56±1.09 mg GAE/g for fractionated compounds. Cytotoxicity assays showed IC50 values of 0.10±0.02 mg/ml for crude extracts and 0.06±0.01 mg/ml for fractionated compounds. This study advances extraction and fractionation methods, yielding extracts with significantly increased antibacterial and antioxidant properties. E. prostrata extracts, particularly fractionated compounds, show promising therapeutic potential, though high cytotoxicity in some fractions requires further investigation. These findings support the potential of E. prostrata in modern pharmaceutical formulations for treating skin conditions, especially those associated with aging.
Isolation of Endophytic Bacteria from Melon Root and Evaluation of Their Antagonistic Activity Against Acidovorax citrulli Novitasari, Ayu; Desnurvia, Riza; Indrayanti, Reni
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1212-1222

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are a potential biocontrol agent to control plant diseases. Controlling plant disease using bactericides has negative impacts, including the death of other organisms on plants. This research aimed to identify potential endophytic bacteria from melon roots for biocontrol against Acidovorax citrulli, the pathogen causing Bacterial Fruit Blotch (BLB) disease in the Cucurbitaceae family. A total of 11 endophytic bacteria were isolated from healthy melon roots. The isolates exhibited similar colony morphology with white, circular, convex elevation. Physiology and biochemistry tests revealed 8 isolates as Gram-negative and catalase-positive, while the remaining 3 were identified as Gram-positive and catalase-negative. A fluorescence test on King's B media indicated that the Gram-negative isolates could belong to the Pseudomonas genus. This study also confirmed Acidovorax sp. cultures isolated from infected melon plants many years ago as A. citrulli. Assessment of pathogenicity in the melon plants showed that A. citrulli isolate N2 was the most pathogenic. Based on the in vitro inhibition test, all the Gram-negative isolates formed inhibition zones ranging from 1.94-4.41 mm, suggesting their potential to inhibit the growth of A. citrulli. The EB6 isolate exhibited the highest inhibition zone at 4.41 mm ±0.28. five of the eight isolates tested (EA1, EB1, EB3, EB4, and EB6) did not exhibit any Hypersensitive Response (HR) reaction in the tobacco leaves, thus can potentially be used as a biocontrol agent against BLB disease in melon plants. Further studies are required to determine the species identity of the isolates and explore their application as biocontrol agents.
The Effect of Enhancing Ulvan's Antioxidant Properties in Supplemented Diets on Accelerating The Phenoloxidase Immune Response in White Shrimp Azhar, Nuril; Yudiati, Ervia; Ambariyanto; Trianto, Agus
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1116-1129

Abstract

This study investigated the total phenol content (TPC) and DPPH inhibition of ulvan from Ulva lactuca, along with its supplementation effects on the specific growth rate (SGR) and phenoloxidase (PO) activity of Litopenaeus vannamei. Ulva lactuca samples were processed to obtain four ulvan extracts using different methods such as P-HWE (Polysaccharide-Hot Water Extract), O-HWE (Oligosaccharide-Hot Water Extract), P-A-HWE (Polysaccharide-Acid-Hot Water Extract), and O-A-HWE (Oligosaccharide-Acid-Hot Water Extract). The U. lactuca powder was treated with 80% ethanol overnight, then centrifuged and dried. Depigmented U. lactuca was extracted with water (65°C, 2 hours), and polysaccharides were precipitated with 99% ethanol, yielding P-HWE. P-HWE was heated at 145°C for 4.5 hours to yield O-HWE. Another extraction after depigmentation, using water containing H2O2 and ascorbic acid (65°C, 2 hours), precipitated P-A-HWE, which was dried and heated to yield O-A-HWE. FTIR analysis provided insights into the chemical composition and structural characteristics of ulvan extracts. TPC and DPPH inhibition were measured spectrophotometrically, and PO activity using a colorimetric assay with L-DOPA. Ulvan supplementation in shrimp feed was evaluated for growth and immune response. Results showed significant differences in TPC, DPPH inhibition, and PO activity among extracts, with O-A-HWE having the highest phenol content and DPPH inhibition. Ulvan supplementation significantly influenced the SGR of L. vannamei, with the highest SGR in the O-A-HWE treatment. This study suggests that ulvan extracts, especially O-A-HWE, could be effective natural immunostimulants for enhancing the health and growth of L. vannamei, warranting further research to optimize extraction methods and understand the underlying mechanisms.
Fermentation and Microencapsulation of Red Palm Oil as a Nutraceutical Source Nuralang; Ananda, Hertanti Dwi; Nelson; Susanto, Nindita Clourisa Amaris; Tarigan, Indra Lasmana
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.1.164-184

Abstract

Red palm oil (RPO) has various bioactive and nutritional components with high potential to be developed as a source of nutraceuticals in addition to its potential as a functional food. The fermentation technology is a processing process that affects metabolite activity, increasing the durability of a product. Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the bacteria that is generally used in the sugar and oil fermentation process. RPO fermentation by Staphylococcus epidermidis is supposed to increase nutraceutical value by adding probiotic properties to RPO products. Moreover, the instability of bioactive compounds in RPO needs to be protected with coating technology microencapsulation. So, this study aims to formulate a microencapsulation procedure for fermented RPO using Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 as a potential nutraceutical. RPO was fermented using S. epidermidis with three variations of MRS media and RPO comparison, then microencapsulated using emulsification and extrusion methods. The physicochemical properties and bioactivity of the product, microcapsule, were then analyzed. Our data shows that RPO fermentation was able to increase the chemical components. RPO fermentation produced more 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid (2-Ethylhexyl) ester. Furthermore, microencapsulation of fermented RPO has better yield, efficiency, and solubility in water than non-fermented RPO microencapsulation. Moreover, our work also shows that the microencapsulation process increased RPO stability.
The Effect of Matriconditioning Enriched Biofertilizer and Washed Rice Water to Enhance Seed Germination, IAA Content and Seeding Growth on Shallot (Allium cepa L.) Sundahri; Saputra, Muhamad Wahyu
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.1.1-11

Abstract

Shallot seeds are a healthier option for cultivating shallots, as they reduce seed-borne disease infections, but they have a low germination rate. This study examined the impact of matriconditioning enriched with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) and rice washing water (WRW) on increasing germination, IAA content and growth of shallot seeds. The matriconditioning treatments included P0 (control), P1 (PGPR-absent), and PGPR presence in P2 (PGPR-Rhizomax), P3 (PGPR-BenprimA), and P4 (PGPR-FloraOne). The WRW treatments included L0 (0%), L1 (50%), and L2 (100%). The shallot seeds used are deteriorated, with moisture content and germination rates below the quality standards set by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia. The research revealed that treatment with P2 was the best result on seed germination and seedling root length. The treatment with P4 was the best result on seedling dry weight. The WRW treatment with L2 exhibited the best result in seed germination, seedling root length, and seedling dry weight. The combination of P2L2 demonstrated the best result on seed germination. The treatment with matricondiitoning increased shallot sprouts IAA content in 13-day-olds compared to controls. Also, the treatment with WRW linearly increased the IAA content in 13-day-old shallot sprouts.
Oleuropein Protects against the Development of Kidneys Induced by Paracetamol in Albino Male Rats. Ahmed Mejbel, Elham; Subhi Noori, Saif; shakir Mahmood, Adeeb; Riyadh Abdul Kareem Al-Hetty, Hussein; Musleh, Mohammed H.
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.1.254-262

Abstract

Paracetamol treatment is considered one of the treatments used to relieve pain and antipyretic. Therefore, excessive doses and long-term use lead to organ toxicity. Paracetamol treatment is considered one of the treatments used to relieve pain and antipyretic. Therefore, excessive doses and long-term use lead to organ toxicity. The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effect of Oleuropein extracted from olive leaves on the physiological and histological aspects induced by Paracetamol in a rat model. The methods used 25 albino Swiss rats randomly distributed into five groups with the same number. The unit of control is given normal saline. Paracetamol (750 mg/kg) was injected into the group once. In the treatment groups (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg). The Administration of Paracetamol's result significantly increased blood urea, creatinine, sodium, and potassium levels, and their blood concentrations decreased with Oleuropein (P 0.05). In addition, Oleuropein extracted from olive leaves relieved some symptoms, including acute vascular congestion caused by a dose of Paracetamol. Compared with paracetamol treatment, there is an infiltration of inflammatory cells and severe nephrotoxicity in the tubules. According to this study, the Oleuropein extracted from olive leaves can be used to prevent kidney damage, and It is not recommended to give Paracetamol, which increases kidney disorders.

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