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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
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Endoparasites of Wild Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) At Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia Malintan, Rizka; Supiyani, Atin; Oktaviani, Rahayu; Prasetio, Yogi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.5.929-941

Abstract

Infections of endoparasites in primates in natural habitats are highly prevalent and can cause disease, reduce health quality, and disrupt their life. This study investigated endoparasites prevalence value in the endangered Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in Citalahab Forest, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia, from June to August 2022 by collected fecal samples (N = 10) and analyzed it using floatation methods. As a result, we found five genera of nematodes Trichuris trichiura (10% egg worm prevalence, Oesophagostomum spp. (50%), Trichostrongylus spp. (60%), Ancylostoma spp. (80%), and Strongyloides spp. (100%). The prevalence value of the worms in the larvae stage of Trichostrongylus spp. 20% and Strongyloides spp. 70%. Nematode infection status successively is Strongyloides spp., which is, frequently; Trichostrongylus spp. and Ancylostoma spp., which is, often; Oesophagostomum spp. and Trichuris trichiura which is, occasionally. Four species of nematode were found in both ages, and only Trichuris trichiura was found in one adolescent individual. The threat posed by this parasite deserves attention; further research is needed to fill the gap in our knowledge of their pathogenicity and transmission in Javan gibbon.
Isolation of Endophytic Fungi from Rui (Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr.) and Determining Their Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activity Anam, Syariful; Syamsidi, Armini; Tunreng, Muh. Fadil Usman; Djaleha, Helena Fransisca; Arisca, Windhy Nur; Syaputra, Gunawan; Iklima; Indriani, Meri Feki; Widodo, Agustinus; Pratiwi, Ritha; Yuliet; Razak, Abd. Rahman
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.443-456

Abstract

Endophytic fungi produce bioactive metabolites that exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activity. Rui (Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr.) is a traditional medicinal plant proven to be an antibacterial and anticancer. Endophytic fungi live in plant tissues without damaging or producing chemicals that infect the host cell. Endophytes produce the same and similar compound as an original plant. This study aimed to isolate the endophytic fungi from Rui and determine their antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activity. 13 fungal isolates were successfully isolated using PDA for seven days at 30°C. Molecular identification using the ITS1 and ITS4 DNA sequences only revealed six species: Diaporthe sp., Phomopsis sp., Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus viridinutans, Pseudofusicoccum sp., and Daldinia eschscholtz. Seven isolates showed antibacterial activity based on plate assay. Aspergillus tubingensis and RA-1 exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi, with the MIC and MBC starting from 24 to 32 mg/ml. The DPPH assay showed the most increased antioxidant activity in Daldinia eschscholtzii with an IC50 of 98.14±2.39 µg/ml. The Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) showed the highest potential cytotoxic activity, as shown by Aspergillus tubingensis and Phomopsis sp. with LC50 of 7.78±7.48 and 30.83±0.39 µg/ml. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the fungal extract from Rui could be a source of antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic agents.
Biosurfactant Activity of Bacillus sp. Strain LP04 Isolate and Its Antifungal Potency against Ganoderma boninense and Fusarium sp. Maherani, Vincentia Fenice Angger; Mubarik, Nisa Rachmania; Priyanto, Jepri Agung; Putra, Ivan Permana
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 4 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.4.725-732

Abstract

Biosurfactants are a class of amphipathic molecules that various microorganisms can produce. Biosurfactants are used as biopesticides and biocontrol agents because they have antimicrobial activity, especially as antifungal agents in several species of fungal pathogens such as Ganoderma boninense and Fusarium sp. that attack crops. This study aims to detect the biosurfactant activity of Bacillus sp. and its potential as an antifungal agent against the fungi Ganoderma boninense and Fusarium sp. Biosurfactants were produced in mineral salt medium (MSM) by harvesting cell-free supernatants. Screening of biosurfactant-producing isolates was carried out using an oil-spreading assay, a hemolysis assay, and an emulsification index. The antifungal activity of the isolates was then tested using the agar diffusion method. The LP04 isolate was closely related to Bacillus thuringiensis with a 99% similarity level. It has the potential to have biosurfactant activity, which is characterized by a positive result on the oil spreading assay test and has an emulsification index of 48.33±2.87%. The cell-free supernatants of the bacterial isolate were able to inhibit the growth of Ganoderma boninense and Fusarium sp. with growth inhibition rates of 51.11% and 56.92%, respectively.
Flowering Phenology and SiDREB2-based SNAP Marker-assisted Hybridity Confirmation for Artificial Hybridization of Indonesian Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv) Genotypes Nugroho, Rizki Bagus; Chusnah, Uswatun; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1082-1094

Abstract

Foxtail millet hybrid development encounters challenges due to its self-pollinating nature, small florets, and tool availability for confirming true hybrid. Our research aimed to assess flowering phenology and explore artificial hybridization employing SiDREB2 based-SNAP marker. The research consisted of three experiments. The first experiment focused on the panicle phenology of foxtail millet, while the second experiment focused on floret phenology and reproductive organs. The artificial hybridization successfulness was validated with SNAP markers based on the SiDREB2 gene in the third experiment. Observations on two genotypes (ICERI-5 and ICERI-6) revealed panicle initiation at 49–69 days after planting (DAP), with anthesis occurring 6 days after panicle emergence (DAPE). Florets exhibited the formation of reproductive organs at 3 DAPE, delineating distinct stages of pollen development leading up to anthesis. Our findings emphasized the significance of implementing male-sterile induction treatment at 4 DAPE to regulate pollen development for successful hybridization by 6 DAPE. The hybrid evaluation revealed varied germination rates and confirmed hybrid percentages across different crossing series, validated by SiDREB2-based SNAP marker. ICERI-5×Botok-4 exhibited high germination but a low confirmed hybrid percentage, while Botok-4×ICERI-5 and Botok-10×ICERI-6 showed the opposite trend. Reciprocal crossings showed unilateral incompatibility in confirmed hybrid percentage.
Isolation and Identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Bacteria in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiop truncates) in Kendal Conservation Pond, Central Java Nafiqoh, Nunak; Setiadi, Setiadi; Novita, Hessy; Lusiastuti, Angela Mariana; Indrawati, Agustin; Elmanaviean; Jannah, Siti Nur; Gardenia, Lila; Penataseputro, Tanjung; Andriyono, Sapto; Ningrum, Siti Gusti; Oktaviani, Dian; Syahidah, Dewi; Wattiheluw, Muhammad Subhan; Purwaningsih, Uni
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.5.811-819

Abstract

Aquatic mammals in Indonesia are officially protected. However, there is a lack of research on these mammals, particularly in relation to potential disease-causing bacteria. A study was conducted in a conservation pond to address this gap, where swab samples were taken from the blowholes of aquatic mammals. The focus was on identifying bacteria that could potentially cause infectious diseases in these animals. The results revealed V. parahaemolyticus bacterial isolates, which showed a 98% similarity to the registered V. parahaemolyticus in NCBI. These bacterial isolates exhibited hemolysin properties and demonstrated resistance to trimethoprim, streptomycin, cephalothin, and penicillin antibiotics.
The Unpopular Edible Bolete (Phlebopus portentosus) in Indonesia Putra, Ivan Permana; Nurhayat, Oktan Dwi; Sibero, Mada Triandala; Hermawan, Rudy; Kristanto, Michael Aditya
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 4 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.4.663-670

Abstract

Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. and Broome) Boedijn was firstly constructed from the collection of Indonesia in 1951. To date, the subsequent collection of this ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi has not been done in Indonesia. In addition, the utilization information of this edible mushroom as food is not popular for the country. The goal of our work was to update the current collection, provide the morphological and molecular data, and promote the utilization of this edible mushroom in Indonesia. Fresh fruiting bodies were evaluated for morphological and molecular evidence. The basidiomata were analysis on the basis of the morphological and molecular evidence. The phylogenetic tree was constructed following the rDNA-ITS 1/2 sequence. P. portentosus was verified by morphological and phylogenetic studies combined. The indigenous people in the research site use this wild edible mushroom for self-consumption and sell it to local market. Phlebopus portentosus BO24626 was solitary to connate, boletoid basidioma, yellowish to greenish brown pileus and stipe, yellowish hymenophore, clavate stipe, club shaped basidia, oval to subglobose basidiospores, cystidia present. The absence of sponge-like tissues and the occurrence of sterigmata distinguished our specimens from the similar morphological species P. spongious. The lack of reddish stipe distinguished our specimen from P. roseus. In addition, the presence of hymenial cystidia delimits our specimens from P. colossus. The inferred phylogenetic tree nested our specimen in the group of P. portentosus (sister to P. spongiosus). The ITS sequence of our specimen is now deposited at GenBank and can be applied to upcoming research of P. portentosus.
LC-HRMS-Based Metabolomics for Profiling the Metabolites in Different Plant Parts of Centella asiatica Rafi, Mohamad; Madya, Muhammad Miftahul; Karomah, Alfi Hudatul; Septaningsih, Dewi Anggraini; Ridwan, Taopik; Rohaeti, Eti; Aisyah, Siti; Idroes, Rinaldi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1106-1115

Abstract

Centella asiatica, or pegagan in Indonesia, is a perennial plant used in Indonesian traditional medicine (jamu) and functional food with many biological activities. Those biological activities come from the bioactive metabolites present in C. asiatica. Differences in metabolite pathways in each part of the plant affect the accumulation of metabolites contained, thus impacting its biological activity. Therefore, this study aims to identify and evaluate differences in the distribution of metabolites in each part of C. asiatica, namely leaves, stems, stolons, and roots. Each plant part was extracted using methanol and sonicated for 30 minutes. The metabolites in the samples were separated and detected using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. Differences in the distribution of metabolites in each part of the plant were evaluated using chemometrics analysis. UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis could positively identify 37 metabolites, most of which belong to the phenylpropanoid, triterpenoid, triterpenoid saponin, and flavonoid groups. Principal component analysis was able to clearly distinguish each part of the plant using the peak intensity of the overall chromatogram and the peak area of the identified metabolites. The different biosynthetic pathways of metabolites in plants could cause a difference in the distribution of metabolites in each plant.
Characterization of Microplastic Degrading Indigenous Bacteria from Ambon Bay Waters Zakaria, Idham Halil; Siswanto, Dian; Mustafa, Irfan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.5.867-879

Abstract

Microplastic degradation by bacteria can degrade low-density polyethylene (LDPE). This study aimed to analyze the potential of Ambon Bay bacteria for microplastic degradation, the condition of microplastics after degradation, and identification of the potential for microplastic degradation. The results of isolation revealed as many as 20 bacterial isolates, which correlated with physicochemical conditions in the waters of Ambon Bay. Nine of them could degrade microplastics as indicated by the presence of a clear zone, namely KA1, KA2, KA3, KA4, KA5, KA9, KA10, KS6, and KS8. They were checked for biofilm formation, microplastic hydrophobicity, and percentage of microplastic weight reduction. Four isolates with the highest percentage of microplastic weight reduction on day 40 were KA1, KA2, KA3, and KA10 at 36.19%, 10.16%, 28.39%, and 17.07%, respectively. The results of LDPE microplastic degradation showed differences using field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM/EDS), attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The bacterial isolates identified were KA1 (Bacillus cereus), KA2 (Bacillus toyonesis), KA3 (Bacillus paramycoides), and KA10 (Escherichia coli). Indigenous bacteria from the waters of Ambon Bay have the potential to degrade LDPE microplastics, which causes structural changes, decreased crystallinity, weight, and C=C groups in microplastics after degradation, with bacterial isolate KA1 identified as Bacillus cereus showing the best potential with degradation of LDPE microplastics by 36.19%.
Molecular Characterization of Infectious Bursal Diseases Virus VP2 Gene Fragments Obtained from Commercial Broiler Farms in Central Java and The Yogyakarta Special Region Province Damairia, Bernike Anggun; Putri, Khrisdiana; Wibowo, Michael Haryadi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1201-1211

Abstract

Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is an infectious and immunosuppressive disease primarily affecting young chickens. Despite stringent biosecurity and vaccination for control measures, the effective management of IBD remains challenging. The disparity in observed clinical symptoms in the field infections further complicates matters for breeders. The study aims to perform molecular characterization of VP2 gene fragments to identify the latest genotype of field IBD viruses. Twenty-two samples of bursa of Fabricius were collected from broilers suspected of IBD in commercial farms located in Central Java and The Yogyakarta Special Region from 2021 to 2022. Viral RNA was extracted from these samples, and after amplification, a 743 bp PCR product was obtained and subjected to sequencing. The obtained sequences were analyzed in Mega X for multiple alignments, amino acid prediction, homology, and phylogenetic tree construction. Lesion, i.e., Bursa of Fabricius enlargement, oedema, swelling of plica bursa, gelatinous mass, hemorrhage, atrophy, and thigh muscles petechiae to hemorrhage, were considered indicative of IBD. Out of 22 samples tested by RT-PCR, 19 were positive, and 13 samples were selected for sequencing. All sequenced samples belonged to Genogroup A3, specifically the very virulent IBD (vvIBD) strain.
Water Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator) Skin Microstructure: Histochemical and Morphometrical Studies of Fiber Type Characteristics (Histochemistry Fiber Skin Water Monitor) Prawira, Andhika Yudha; Phadmacanty, Ni Luh Putu Rischa; Semiadi, Gono; Kurniati, Hellen; Trilaksono, Wahyu; Yulianto; Nurhidayat; Agungpriyono, Srihadi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.6.1190-1200

Abstract

Global demand for the water monitor’s skin, Varanus salvator, has made it a valuable wildlife commodity. Leathercraft manufacturing must consider not only beauty but also the strength and flexibility of the leather, which is determined by its structure in the skin. Therefore, this study analyzed and evaluated the fiber type characteristic of the water monitor’s skin. Skin samples were collected from 10 Sumatra water monitors with a Snout-Vent Length size of 39-89 cm and were divided into small (39-59 cm) and large (60-89 cm) groups. The skins from the dorsocervical, lumbosacral, and ventral regions were proceeded for histological sections. Histochemical approaches utilized were Hematoxylin Eosin, Picrosirius Red, and Elastin Verhoeff’s Hematoxylin staining methods. Thick fibers are the main component in the skin, ranging from 69-73%, respectively, while thin fibers varied greatly and were observed predominantly in the reticular dermis. Fiber size in the reticular dermis of small lizards was lower than that of larger ones. Elastic fibers were observed abundantly at the border of the reticular dermis and subcutaneous layer in both small and large lizards. Moreover, the skin of the small-sized lizard also has a lower morphometric than that of a large-sized lizard, both in thickness and fiber type percentage. Therefore, the skin of small-sized lizards was considered less tough than that of large-sized lizards.

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