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<![CDATA[Study of TP53 Gene-Codon 72 Polymorphism in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) ]]>
<![CDATA[Khalid A. Hadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ali R Mulakhudair]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15011
<![CDATA[Introduction: The tumor-suppressor gene (TP53) encodes p53 protein, the vital protein in the apoptoticcascade pathway which has been presented to be of crucial potential in the progression of cancers. Geneticvariation SNP that were revealed to affect the regulatory biochemical functions of p53 are the exon 4 codon72, (G)Arg/(C)pro polymorphisms. Aim: the present study aims to analyses genetic variation (SNP) of Tp53gene, codon 72 and p53 protein level in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). Methods: the study achieved on 26EOC cell line specimens and 26 specimens as control group, using PCR-RFLP genetic analysis method andcell lysate p53 level determined by ELISA technique. Results: the percentage of allele polymorphism comeas homologous GG variant 85% and 23% in EOC specimens and control respectively and (CC) (8% and46%) in EOC case and the control in order. Heterologous pattern CG was (34% and 23%) for experimentaland control group respectively.Conclusion: our study proposes that 72 codon polymorphism (GG) is closely related to EOC progressions.]]>
<![CDATA[Incidence and Prevalence of Periodontitis among 90 Patients Diagnosed with Salivery Gland Tumor in Duhok City ]]>
<![CDATA[Dijwar Salih Ibrahim]]>;
<![CDATA[Hanan Abdulkader Abdullah]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15012
<![CDATA[Background and Objectives: Globally, there was (20-50) % periodontal disease’s prevalence. This diseaseis one of the tooth loss causes that might be compromising the life quality, self confidence, esthetics, andmastication. The major problem that salivary gland tumors do is decreasing the amount of saliva in theoral cavity that led to change in oral flora and dehydration of the tissue, especially periodontal tissue. Thisstudy was held to found the direct relationship between saliva amount and periodontitis. Methods: Thisepidemiological study was held out by a collection of data from 90 patients that seeking out clinics inDuhok and Zakho and seeking Azadi general hospital complaining from periodontal problems. Results: 90patients involved in this study 47(%52.22) of theme with history of parotid gland tumor, 24(%26.66) withsubmandibular salivary gland tumor, and 19(%21.11 with sublingual salivary gland tumor.68 (75.55%) arebenign category while 22(24.44%) malignant patients having severe xerostomia are 28(31.11%) Moderatetypes of xerostomia are 14(%15.55) patients, while the mild type is 22(24.44%). And those with noxerostomia are 26(28.88%) patients.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Management of Common Behavioral Problems of School Children among Primary School Teachers ]]>
<![CDATA[Sreejamol.M.G]]>;
<![CDATA[Anju Jose]]>;
<![CDATA[Saranya Unnikrishnan]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15013
<![CDATA[Infancy and childhood are of supreme importance in determining the future behavior. Behavioral problemsalways require individual attention. Teachers spend most of the school hours with children so that they candetect the signs and symptoms of these problems at the earliest.The Title of the Study: Effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding managementof common behavioral problems of school children among primary school teachers in selected school inErnakulumObjectives;1.Assess the knowledge of primary school teachers regarding the management of commonbehavioral problems of school children.2. Evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching program onknowledge of primary school teachers regarding the management of behavioral problems of schoolchildren.3.Associate the socio demographic variables with the pretest & post test knowledge scoresMethodology: The research approach used in the present study was quantitative and research design wasone group pre test post test design. The study was conducted among 30 teachers with the eligibility criteriafollowing purposive sampling technique. The tools used for the study were structured questionnaire.Results : The mean post- test knowledge score (16.18) is significantly (p = 0.001) higher than the mean pretest score(13.7).This shows that structured teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledgeof teachers regarding behavioral problems. There is no association between pretest & post test knowledgescores with demographic variables.Conclusion: The study finding point out the responsibilities of a health professional to enlighten and educatethe teachers regarding management of behavioral problems of school children]]>
<![CDATA[A Study of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Regarding Voluntary Blood Donation among Health Care Professionals in Dhiraj Hospital- Vadodara ]]>
<![CDATA[R. K. Tandon]]>;
<![CDATA[Gunjan Rathod]]>;
<![CDATA[Raxitkumar Suthar]]>;
<![CDATA[Ashu Dogra]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15014
<![CDATA[Background: Blood components like PCV, Whole Blood, Fresh Frozen Plasma(FFP), Platelet RichPlasma(PRP), Cryoprecipitate demands are increasing day by day in developing countries like India.So in our study to assess the overall knowledge, attitude and practice regarding the extent of blooddonation practice among health care workers have keen importance.Methods and Material: Our study which is a cross sectional study includes total of around 80 health careworkers of Dhiraj Hospital - Vadodara. On the basis of socio-demographic characteristics and accordingto the levels of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among participants data were collected using a self –administered questionnaire. A structured questionnaire was given to all the health care workers working inthe Dhiraj hospital were taken into consideration.Results: Eighty health care workers were involved in our study which was conducted at Dhiraj hospitalVadodara among which it was found that about 55% donated to serve for humanity. A large group of around15% were donating as a replacement for their kith and kin. Around 10% were because of self motivateddecisions. And on the other side the reasons for non-donation by non-donors was that nobody approached tothem and it constituted to about 6%. Around 57% non donated due to some health related reasons while restof them non donated due to fear of disease transmission and fear of needle which constituted to about 17%.Conclusions: The health care workers of Dhiraj hospital were having overall level of knowledge, attitudeand practice was satisfactory. Health Professionals, various hospitals and blood banks services are demandedto develop new ways so to make blood donation services more reliable and accessible]]>
<![CDATA[Possible Pain Caused in Judicial Modes of Execution: A Physiological and Pathological Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Anjum Hassan]]>;
<![CDATA[Meenu Gupta]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15015
<![CDATA[Undoubtedly, the application of Capital Punishment has attracted a torrent of worldwide criticism. Primarilythe cause behind this criticism is the excruciating pain caused by ancient outdated and uncivilised methodslike crucifixion, hanging, beheading, etc., unlike the cotemporary scientific processes and internationalinstruments. In opposition to the backdrop of enumerated counterattacks, most of the developed countriesdevised/formulated and implemented some contemporary procedures like shooting, lethal injection, gaschamber, etc. These contemporary procedures were alleged by the formulating nations to be swift andcausing minimum pain. In this research paper, each of these modern modes have been critically analysedafter reviewing the physiological and pathological aspect of pain associated with each of these methods. Theauthor finds out that these so called modern method do inflict agonizing pain on the convicted offenders.In conclusion the author does suggest that medicalized process of execution may, to some extent, lead topainless killings.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) on Improving Family Functioning of Children Diagnosed with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency ]]>
<![CDATA[Izadpanah A]]>;
<![CDATA[Sheikhi F]]>;
<![CDATA[Pourblouch O]]>;
<![CDATA[Bameri F]]>;
<![CDATA[Kalkali S]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15016
<![CDATA[Introduction and Aim: Caring for child with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiencycauses a lot of stress for parents. Family-centered empowerment model is one of the educational programs.Materials and Methods: A controlled clinical trial was conducted on parents of children with G6PDdeficiency that was referred to Iran Hospital of Iranshahr. The participants were randomly divided intoan experimental group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30). To collect the data, the Family AssessmentDevice (FAD) was completed by the children’s parents before and after the intervention. The FAD scalesdemonstrated fairly good internal consistency (the Cronbach’s alpha of the questionnaire ranged from 0.72to 0.92 and its validity and reliability were 0.76 to 0.66 indicating the acceptable values. The family-centeredempowerment model was implemented during four sessions. One month after the intervention, the subjectscompleted the questionnaire again and finally the data were analyzed by the statistical tests.Results: Both the paired and independent sample t-tests were used for all statistical analyses at a significancelevel of P>0.05. Also, both the chi-square test and the Fisher’s exact test were used to compare qualitativevariables in two groups. The mean FAD scores of the intervention group were significantly decreased from152/4 to 1.120 (P<0.001), while no statistically significant difference was observed in the mean FAD scoresfor controls before and after the intervention. Furthermore, the mean FAD scores in the intervention groupwere decreased to 32.3 units and up to 0.6 unit in the controls, and the difference between two groups wasstatistically significant (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to the results obtained, the implementation of family-centered empowerment modelhas a significant effect on improving the family functioning of children diagnosed with G6PD deficiency.Therefore, it is recommended to implement in health centers in order to prevent recurrent attacks of thisdisease.]]>
<![CDATA[Writ of Habeas Corpus Vis a Vis Mental Health Patients : An Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Ishita Sharma]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15017
<![CDATA[Habeas corpus, as a writ has generally been associated with illegal incarceration of individuals. It is a writ,which is considered as an epitome of all remedies as far as implementation of human rights is concerned.Recently, the usage of the writ has surpassed the dimensions of technicalities of procedure of illegal detentionand entered into more intricate aspects of an individual’s life. Consequently, with the passage of time, the writassumed varied dimensions, , one among them being the usage of the writ in relation to individuals sufferingfrom mental health issues, for instance, where the individual is being denied the freedom of movement,occupation and exercising the freedom of choice .Apart from the political domain, the use of the writ has crept into facets of family laws, public laws. Theresearcher shall deal with the outreach of the writ in matters of health law. There has been very scantresearch in the outreach of the reach in aspects transcending political scenarios, owing to the fact that thereexist explicit legislations on such issues and exploring the possibility of the use of the same in the abovementioned arena has been rarely considered. The researcher has recommended an invigorated use of the writapart from illegal incarceration of prisoners through an analysis of several cases on this aspect.]]>
<![CDATA[Nanoparticles-Based Face Masks and Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 Transmission: Breathability Versus Biocidal Activities ]]>
<![CDATA[Saminan Saminan]]>;
<![CDATA[Linda Julisafrida]]>;
<![CDATA[Sakdiah Sakdiah]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratna Idayati]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurul Fajri]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Iqhrammullah]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15018
<![CDATA[Use of face masks and respirators are significant in preventing the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) via respiratory droplets or aerosols. The development of face masks and respirators have beenfocused on the modification using nanoparticles (NPs) to obtain biocidal activities. The incorporation ofNPs can also increase the hydrophobicity of the material that assists the repelling of virus carrying dropletsor aerosols. Nevertheless, the common cost of gaining those benefits is breathability. Previous studies havereported on the discomforts of wearing a face mask or respirator, one of which is stems from breathingdifficulty. At the time of pandemic, maintaining the comfort wearing of face masks or respirators is evenmore crucial. Thus, this review article is important to keep the breathability aspect gaining a spotlight inthe development of NPs-modified face masks or respirators. Herein, we discuss the relationship betweenthe addition of NPs with breathability of the material. In the beginning of discussion, types of protectiverespiratory equipments, and biocidal activities of the modified fabrics are discussed. Strategies in maintainingthe air permeability for long duration use and self-cleansing feature are also discussed.]]>
<![CDATA[Literature Review: Problems of Dental and Oral Health Primary School Children ]]>
<![CDATA[Harun Achmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Riana Noor Armedina]]>;
<![CDATA[Tatiana Timokhina]]>;
<![CDATA[Vitaly V. Goncharov]]>;
<![CDATA[Rini Sitanaya]]>;
<![CDATA[Eriska Riyanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15019
<![CDATA[Elementary school children or the age group 6-12 years who are in mixed teeth, it is important in maintainingthe health of primary teeth which at this time has an important role in the development and maintenanceof permanent teeth later. The results of basic health research by the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2018showed that 93% of children in Indonesia have oral health problems, which means only 7% do not havedental and oral health problems. Children this age really like sweet and sticky foods, and do not understandhow to maintain good oral health. This study aims to collect dental and oral health problems in elementaryschool children and how to deal with them. The design used is a literature review with criteria published from2007-2020. Based on the articles collected, there are several dental and oral health problems for elementaryschool children, both those affecting the hard tissues of the teeth and soft tissues or supporting teeth. Parentsand schools play an important role in educating children of this age to become accustomed to maintainingoral health.]]>
<![CDATA[Functional Generating Bite Therapy in Children During Growth and Development Period ]]>
<![CDATA[Harun Achmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurhayani Safitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Yana Paromova]]>;
<![CDATA[Vitaly V. Goncharov]]>;
<![CDATA[Risti Saptarini Primarti]]>;
<![CDATA[Eriska Riyanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15020
<![CDATA[Introduction: Function generating bite is an individualized functional appliance made from acrylic resincomprised of several components namely: SS bite blocks, buccal shields, expansion coil and palatal button.This appliance enables teeth reposition entirely based on the temoporomandibular joint physiologicalcondition and avoiding cups-to-cusp misalignment. This is due to the fact that the SS bite block allows opencontact in the posterior region to open the mandible and regulate/reposition the mandible in three differentplanes during orthodontic movement. One of the vital mechanisms of bite block is occlusal plane levelingand dental arch parallelism to prevent the occurrence of dental trauma. Method: In this systematic review,article search was performed using Google Search and Pubmed. Articles published from 2000 and 2020were included. Seven articles were found which include: 7 articles from electronic search and 0 articles frommanual search, 7 articles were screened, 1 article was excluded and 6 articles were included for feasibilitytest and 6 complete articles were included. Results: There were 6 articles on functional generating bite thatcan correct malocclusion whilst increasing the masticatory function. Conclusion: Function generating biteis not only able to correct malocclusion but can also have an effect on mastication, hence this appliance canbe used as a therapeutic tool for masticatory function in children during growth and development.]]>
