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Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia

jfiti
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 02157950 EISSN : 23392479 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia (JFI) is an official publication owned by the Indonesian Phytopathology Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia). In 2010, JFI management was given to PFI Komda Bogor. Since then, JFI has been published 6 times (January, March, May, July, September, and November).

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 412 Documents

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Aplikasi Cendawan Endofit terhadap Perkembangan Populasi Nematoda Radopholus similis pada Pisang Barangan Lisnawita Lisnawita; Ahmad Rafiqi Tantawi; Mukhtar Iskandar Pinem
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 5 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Radopholus similis is a major constraint to banana production in the world including Indonesia and growers have relied on nematicides to manage yield losses. The use of endophytic fungi is one method that may reduce the need for nematicides, however little is known on the effective application method of endophytic fungi to control R. similis. The aim of this research was to find out an effective application method of endophytic fungi to reduce R.similispopulation on banana. Fifteen isolates of endophytic fungi originated from banana corm and root collected from banana plantation in North Sumatera were applied to Barangan cultivar by sowing and deeping methods. The isolates was contained of 11 isolates of Fusarium sp. (2BSTMHMM, 3ASTMHP, 5ASP, 1ASU, 4BSP, 4BJP, 5BKJP, 4BSU, 1BJP, 2 BSP, and 4BKJP) and 4 isolates ofTrichoderma sp. (2BSTMHP, 4BSTMHP, 2BSPH, and 2BSTMHH). All of these endophytic fungi were able to suppress the population of R. similis and they had potential to promote plant growth.

Cendawan Endofit Nonpatogen Asal Tanaman Cabai dan Potensinya sebagai Agens Pemacu Pertumbuhan Evan P. Ramdan; Widodo Widodo; Efi Toding Tondok; Suryo Wiyono; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 5 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Endophytic fungi have been reported to have mutual symbiosis with their host. This research aimed to obtain nonpathogenic isolates of endophytic fungi from roots, stems, and branches of chili pepper. Endophytic fungi were isolated on 10% malt extract agar (MEA) after serial surface sterilization of plant parts. The effect of endophytic fungi on the development of chili pepper seeds were tested by growing seeds on media containing endophytic fungi isolate. As many as 138 isolates of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from chili pepper plants from Garut and Bogor. Based on colony morphology the isolates can be differentiated into 9 morphotypes. Among the total isolates, 13.04% are nonpathogenic. Some of them (7,25%) do not effect seedling significantly compared to control and some isolates (5.79%) caused better seedling growth than control. Endophytic fungi having the potential to promote plant growth was identified as Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., sterile hyphae 1, 2, and 3.

Penggunaan Galur Lemah Chili veinal mottle virus untuk Proteksi Silang Asniwita Asniwita; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Gede Suastika; Slamet Susanto; Sriani Sujiprihati
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 5 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Inoculation of mild virus strain prior to severe virus strain to protect plant against viral disease is the principle of cross protection. Five mild strains of Chili veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), i.e. -KAR, -SPR, -SKT, -CSR, and -PGL were used as cross protection agent to protect chili pepper plants against severe strain infection of ChiVMV-CKB. The mild strains were inoculated mechanically prior inoculation of severe strain and the efficiency of cross protection was evaluated by observing symptom development and measuring crop yield. Inoculation of mild strains 7 days prior inoculation of severe stain was not able to protect the plant from infection of severe strain ChiVMV-CKB. Protective effect was observed when mild strains were inoculated at 14, 21, and 28 days prior inoculation of severe strain. Symptom development was suppressed or delayed, and crop yield was not significantly different with healthy plants. It was suggested that to obtain the best protection against severe strain, the mild strain should be applied as early as possible before the occurrence of severe strain infection.

Khamir Antagonis untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Antraknosa pada Buah Avokad Selama Penyimpanan Yuli Fitriati; Suryo Wiyono; Ivone Oley Sumarauw
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 5 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is an important disease in avocado fruit during storage. An effective, cheap, and safe control method is necessary as an alternative to subtitute the use of fungicides in postharvest disease control. This research aimed to identify yeast antagonist from avocados that are effective in controlling anthracnose disease on avocado fruit. Research was started with isolation of C. gloeosporioides and yeast from avocado fruit, followed by in vivo bioassay, antibiosis assay, and chitinolitic activity assay. In vivo bioassay was done by dipping avocado fruit on yeast cell suspension. As many as 23 yeasts isolates was obtained from avocado fruits. Eight yeast isolates (A28, A32, A33, A34, A35, A36, A37, A38) showed very effective for inhibiting anthracnose disease in avocado fruit at concentration of 106 mL-1 and 107 mL-1. However, only four isolates were chosen for further characterization based on morphological and molecular identification. Two species of yeast was identified as Pichia anomala, i.e. isolates A33 and A37 and Candida intermedia, i.e. isolates A35 and A36.

Isolasi dan Penapisan in Vitro Aktinomiset untuk Mengendalikan Xanthomonas Yuvika Yuvika,; Aswardi Nasution; Abdul Gafur
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 5 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Nursery disease frequently found on Acacia crassicarpa seedlings is bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas sp. Disease symptom starts as a small fleck on the leaf which may then develop to leaf strike or leaf blight if the environmental factors are conducive to disease development. Actinomycetes are soil microorganisms that produce biologically active substances such as enzymes and antibiotics. These compounds could inhibit growth of other microorganisms, particularly bacteria. Thus, Actinomycetes are considered as potential candidates of biocontrol agents for plant pathogens. In the current study Actinomycetes isolated from a wide range of localities were screened for their efficacy against Xanthomonas sp. in vitro. The objective of this study was to obtain Actinomycete isolates effective against Xanthomonas, to mitigate impact of the pathogen on quality of A. crassicarpa seedlings. All Actinomycete collections were isolated from soil by a chain of enrichment isolation procedures. The antibiotic activities were investigated through antimicrobial screening tests using paper discs on assay plates. Of the 75 Actinomycete isolates originally collected and screened, 5 isolates showed good antimicrobial activities against Xanthomonas and are therefore considered as potential biocontrol agent candidates.

Respons Curvularia lunata Penyebab Penyakit Bercak Daun Kelapa Sawit terhadap Berbagai Fungisida Agus Susanto; Agus Eko Prasetyo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 6 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Leaf spot disease of oil palm caused by Curvularia sp. is the major disease in nursery. Implementation of best nursery practices is the key to prevent it. Generally, fungicides are used only if epidemic of leaf spot diseases occur in the field. The objectives of this research were to determine causal agent of leaf spot disease of oil palm and the potential alternative weed host around the nursery, to select suitable fungicides, and to study the effect of fungicides rotation to disease incidence. The results showed that the causal agent of leaf spot disease of oil palm was Curvularia lunata. The fungus was also found on grasses, Cyperus rotundus and Imperata cylindrica. Difeconazol, copper oxide, and propineb suppressed leaf spot disease in nursery. Application of fungicide by rotation between difeconazol and copper oxide with frequency every 10 days suppressed the development of leaf spot disease of oil palm in the nursery.

Potensi Cuka Kayu Pinus dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Antraknosa pada Cabai Merah Sri Hartati; Rika Meliansyah; Lindung Tri Puspasari
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 6 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum capsici is a major disease on red chili which causes great economic losses. Wood vinegar, as a result of condensation of smoke, can be used as bactericide and fungicide. The use of pine wood vinegar is prospective for controlling anthracnose disease. The objective of this research was to study the potency of pine wood vinegar in controlling anthracnose on red chili. In vitro test was carried out to measure the inhibition of pine wood vinegar against the growth of mycelium mass and the germination of the conidium of C. capsici. The treatments were the concentration of the pine wood vinegar, i.e. 0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and 5 %, and a fungicide (2% of antracol) as comparison. The results showed that the lower the concentration of the pine wood vinegar, the lower the inhibition of the mycelium growth. The highest inhibition of the mycelium growth (76.1%) was caused by 5% of the pine wood vinegar, followed by 41.04% inhibition caused by 4.5% concentration. There was no germination of the conidium on all treatments.

Aplikasi Formula Cair Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 untuk Menekan Penyakit Virus Cabai Merah Loekas Soesanto; Endang Mugiastuti; Ruth Feti Rahayuniati
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 6 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Viral diseases of chilli pepper are difficult to control, therefore the use of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 should be evaluated. The aims of this research were to determine the influence of liquid formula of P. fluorescens P60 on virod disease and on growth and yield of chili pepper. Randomized block design (RBD) experiment was composed of 7 treatments and 4 replicates, i.e., control, insecticide applicaton, P. fluorescens P60 application by seedling drenching and spraying for 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 times. The result showed that 5 times application of P. fluorescens P60 by drenching and spraying was able to suppress viral disease and reduce disease intensity by to 73.37%, increasing density level of P. fluorescens P60 to 9.50 x 1011 and increase phenolic compounds (saponin, tannin and glycoside). The same treatment could increase plant height 23.7%, root lenght 6.44%, plant dry weight 66.68%, root dry weight 23.59%, and yield weight 53.16%.

Patogenisitas Virus Tungro pada Varietas Tetua Padi Tahan Tungro R Heru Praptana; Y B Sumardiyono; Y Andi Trisyono
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 6 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Tungro is one of the major diseases in rice which has become a constraint in increasing rice production in Indonesia. Tungro is caused by infection of two different viruses, i.e. Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV), both of which can only be transmitted by green leafhoppers Nephotettix virescens (Distant) in a semipersistent manner. Since there is an indication of the existance of virulence variation of tungro viruses from different areas and the specific relationship between resistance of varieties and tungro viruses isolates, it is important to study the pathogenicity of tungro viruses from some endemic areas in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the pathogenicity of tungro viruses from several endemic areas in Indonesia in some resistant varieties. One susceptible variety i.e. TN1 and ten resistant varieties were used in the study. Surveys and collection of infected plants and green leafhoppers were done in tungro endemic areas, namely West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Bali and West Nusa Tenggara. Artificial transmission using the test tube method was used in the pathogenicity test. Green leafhoppers caught from the field were used as transmitters.. The pathogenicity of tungro viruses were identified by the values of the incidence of tungro and the diseases indexes (DI). The result showed that difference in pathogenicity of tungro viruses in some resistant varieties was observed. Isolates from Central Java, Central Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara were able to infect all of resistant varieties and the pathogenicity of Central Java isolate was the highest among the other isolates.

Deteksi dan Identifikasi Potyvirus pada Ubi Jalar di Tana Toraja, Sulawesi Selatan Laras Anjarsari; Gede Suastika; Tri Asmira Damayanti
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 6 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Typical viral symptoms including chlorotic and uneven interveinal yellowing on leaves without leaf malformation was observed on sweet potato field in Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi. To identify the causal of the disease, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and DNA sequencing were carried out to detect the virus from infected plants. RT-PCR using universal primer for C1 gene of Potyvirus was successfully amplified approximately 683bp DNA fragment. The nucleotide sequences of this C1 gene fragment showed 98% homology to Sweet potato virus G (SPVG). Amplification using specific primer for coat protein (CP) gene of SPVG followed by DNA sequencing confirmed the association of SPVG from infected plants. Further nucleotide analysis shwowed that SPVG isolate from Tana Toraja had 99.2% homology to isolate from Japan. This is the firstt report of SPVG infection on sweet potato in South Sulawesi.

Page 6 of 42 | Total Record : 412

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