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Contact Name
Bobby Kurnia Putrawan
Contact Email
bkputrawan@gmail.com
Phone
+628179060277
Journal Mail Official
info@mahabbah.org
Editorial Address
CBD Barat Raya Street, Rt.01, Kelapa Dua, Tangerang Banten, Indonesia
Location
Unknown,
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INDONESIA
Mahabbah: Journal of Religion and Education
Published by Scriptura Indonesia
ISSN : 27462366     EISSN : 2723147X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47135/mahabbah
The Journal of Mahbbah promotes critical, hermeneutical, historical, and constructive inquiry into religion, education, culture, and linguistic. The journal publishes articles in theology, religious ethics, education, and philosophy of religion, as well as articles that approach the role of religion in education, culture, and society from a historical, sociological, psychological, linguistic, or artistic standpoint. It also publishes highly specialized research in limited areas of inquiry that has significance for a wider readership.
Articles 63 Documents
NUSANTARA CHRISTIANITY: The Synthesis Contextual Theology and Culture in Indonesia Tandana, Ester Agustini; Tanasyah, Yusak
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 4, No 1 (2023): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.4, No.1 (January 2023)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v4i1.55

Abstract

Like other sorts of knowledge, thought, and behavior, Christian theology is influenced by the context in which it is employed. Contextual theology shows how thoroughly contextual Christian theology is. The significance of context has never been entirely disregarded in the development of contextual theology. The emphasis on context, however, has been most prominent at times when the Christian message appeared to be the least related to the circumstances in which it was being spoken. Indonesia as the largest archipelagic country in the world with hundreds of tribes and languages has made Indonesia an interesting place to study in developing contextual theology. Based on the various languages and ethnicities that have various kinds of differences, Indonesia is unique in building a down-to-earth theology in the archipelago. This article aims to find out how contextual theology becomes a liaison in bridging between the Word and the context to be able to provide understanding for both parties to God's truth based on synthesis contextual theology and culture in Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative literature research which is the process of studying books, references, and research results to get a better understanding of a problem or issue. This information is then used to build a theoretical foundation for future research.
HE DID NOT DESCEND INTO HELL: An Appeal for Scripture Exegesis Karl Barth and Wayne Grudem Munir, Tjerlang; Susanto, Johanes Lilik
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 4, No 1 (2023): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.4, No.1 (January 2023)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v4i1.76

Abstract

The theory of the descent into hell, which holds that after his crucifixion, Jesus went into the realm of the dead to free the souls of the righteous who died before his resurrection, has been a source of contention in Christian theology throughout history. Some theologians and researchers have recently questioned the conventional reading of the relevant scripture texts, claiming that the fall into hell is neither required nor true teaching. In this study, we will argue for a careful and responsible interpretation of the key biblical passages to discern the genuine meaning of the fall into hell. I'll start by looking at the doctrine's historical and theological backdrop as well as its evolution in the early church. Then, using 1 Peter 3:19–20, Ephesians 4:8–10, and Acts 2:27–31 as examples, I will examine the scriptural verses that have been used to support or dispute the notion. I'll look at the passages' linguistic, literary, and theological characteristics, as well as their intertextual and cultural context. Based on this exegetical examination, we will argue that the notion of the descent into hell is a theological inference or hypothesis based on a combination of scriptural and non-scriptural sources rather than a necessary or explicit doctrine in the Bible.
Natural Theology and a Priori Knowledge of God: A Lutheran Perspective on Gifford, Swinburne, and McGrath Pandiangan, Tumpal; Sugiri, Widjaja
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 5, No 1 (2024): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.5, No.1 (January 2024)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v5i1.101

Abstract

As the father of the Protestant Church reformer, Luther has made limitations on natural theology. He has criticized natural theology, even at first he rejected natural theology. However, today we see that natural theology has been constructed by several Protestant Christian theologians, among others: Gifford, Swinburne and Alister MacGrath. The problem is whether natural theology is in accordance with the doctrine or teachings of the Protestant Christian Church? The author's purpose is to find out whether the teachings of natural theology are in accordance with the doctrine of the Protestant Church and how they are applied in the life of the congregation? The research method was carried out with a literature study with the following stages: (i) First, observing and analyzing Luther's criticism of natural theology. (ii) Second, observing the limits of natural theology constructed by Gifford, Swinburne and Alister. (iii) Third, the author analyzes each of their definitions of natural theology. This analysis and evaluation is based on Luther's critique of natural theology. For Gifford's natural theology, knowledge of God is limited to a priori knowledge only, because knowledge is obtained from nature and the human mind not from God's revelation, whereas for Swimburne and McGrath, knowledge from nature stems from faith in Christ Jesus so that a priori knowledge of God can be known. For Swimburne, rational knowledge of nature can support faith in God, while McGrath does not require rationality in believing in God. In this case it is different from Luther, because according to him, the emergence of absolute faith is only by special revelation from God and nothing else, nor as a companion, so as not to become an idol.
Betlehem in a Prophecy: Theological Analysis of Bethlehem in Micah 5:1-6 Dwiraharjo, Susanto
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 6, No 1 (2025): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.6, No.1 (January 2025)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v6i1.102

Abstract

Bethlehem is currently the subject of significant discussion and has frequently sparked debate. As a result, tensions have arisen among Christians, which often affects social relationships within the community of believers. This article aims to provide a biblical overview of the truth about Bethlehem to help reduce these tensions. To uncover this truth, we will employ exegesis, which involves thoroughly analysing the biblical text to reconcile differing interpretations and uncover the intended meaning. Through this analysis, we can deduce the significance of Bethlehem for us today and help the church to understand its importance in the context of Christ's redemptive work.
An Exploration of God’s Love in John Calvin’s Theology: Does God Love Everyone or Only the Elect? Timotius, Timotius
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 6, No 1 (2025): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.6, No.1 (January 2025)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v6i1.105

Abstract

The love of God is a central topic in Christian theology. However, views on the love of God are not always consistent in Christian theology. One well-known theologian who is considered inconsistent in his theology of God’s love is John Calvin. Calvin believed that God chose some people to be saved, which raises questions about whether Calvin truly believed in God’s universal love, since there are those who are not chosen. T.H.L. Parker argued that although Calvin spoke a lot about God’s love, his views often contained inconsistencies in his theology, leading to questions about whether Calvin truly believed in God’s universal love. On the other hand, Richard A. Muller stated that the concept of God’s love in Calvin’s theology is very consistent and not ambiguous. According to him, Calvin viewed God’s love as a love that is not dependent on humans and not limited to those who receive it. God’s love in Calvin’s view is a praiseworthy and noble love because it encompasses all of humanity, both the elect and the non-elect. This article is written to explain the misunderstanding about John Calvin being inconsistent in his theology of God’s love. To answer the above issue, the author will use the literature method. The author will examine all of Calvin’s writings to explain that Calvin is very consistent in his theology of God’s love, so those who consider the theology of God’s love to be inconsistent can clearly see that what is accused of Calvin is not true.
Effectiveness of Formative Evaluation in Improving Students Understanding and Character Wungo, Jefrianus; Oktavianti, Nelci; Mulyani, Sri
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 6, No 1 (2025): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.6, No.1 (January 2025)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v6i1.110

Abstract

This article examines the effectiveness of formative evaluation in improving understanding and human development. Formative evaluation conducted during learning is a feedback to help students improve their weaknesses before the final evaluation. This evaluation not only assesses learning outcomes, but also identifies difficulties faced by students, allowing teachers to change teaching methods to support individual student needs. Formative evaluation also helps improve students' critical thinking skills, engagement and understanding of the subject matter. In addition, this review plays an important role in building student character, including increasing motivation, self-confidence and responsibility for the learning process. Thus, formative evaluation becomes a useful tool in building an inclusive learning environment and focusing on student growth.
Outcome Based Education (OBE) System for Theological College Dhandi, Gabriel
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 6, No 1 (2025): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.6, No.1 (January 2025)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v6i1.106

Abstract

Outcome Based Education (OBE) is an education system that focuses on learning outcomes that are measurable, directed, and relevant to the needs of the industrial world in the Industrial Age 4.0. The purpose of this study is to offer the application of the OBE system in designing and developing curriculum at the College of Theology in order to bridge the gap between the abilities or competencies of graduates and the needs of the modern Christian community. The method used in this research is a literature study, which is to collect library data sources and previous research, then explore them to be presented to support this research. The results of this study show that the OBE system is very effective in improving the quality and quality of education, producing graduates who are competent in their fields and preparing them to face challenges in the Industrial Age 4.0. The implementation of the OBE system into curriculum development at Theological College will certainly help improve the quality of education, be able to compete with other universities, and raise Theological College’s reputation. The conclusion of this research is that the OBE system is feasible to be applied in developing the curriculum used by Theological College.
Polygamy and Its Implications on Christianity in Southwest Nigeria: A Sociological Perspective Ogunbiyi, David Oluwabukunmi; Adeyemo, Ajibade Adedayo; Olajugbagbe, Oyekunle Martins; Oyebanji, Israel Temitope
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 6, No 1 (2025): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.6, No.1 (January 2025)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v6i1.111

Abstract

Polygamy remains a significant cultural and religious practice in Southwest Nigeria, often conflicting with Christian doctrines that emphasize monogamy. This study explores the implications of polygamy on Christianity, examining its theological, social, and legal dimensions. Using a mixed-methods approach, data was collected from Christian leaders and polygamous individuals across various denominations. Results indicate that while 81.2% of respondents consider polygamy sinful, 94.4% agree that polygamous individuals should be full church members. However, 87.1% strongly oppose allowing polygamous individuals in leadership roles. The study also reveals that polygamous families face emotional distress, gender inequality, and legal uncertainties. Children from polygamous homes reported the highest level of dissatisfaction (83.8%), citing neglect and inheritance conflicts. Findings indicate that while most churches consider polygamy sinful, they still allow polygamous individuals to be members, though they are restricted from leadership roles. The study also highlights the emotional and financial challenges faced by women and children in polygamous households, including gender inequality, psychological distress, and inheritance disputes. Additionally, Nigeria’s plural legal system complicates the recognition and regulation of polygamous unions. Despite the tensions between cultural traditions and Christian teachings, many respondents advocate for inclusivity while upholding monogamy as the ideal. The study recommends that churches offer support to polygamous families, clarify leadership policies, and promote legal reforms to protect women and children’s rights.
Discipleship System among the Prophets of the Old Covenant to the Apostle Paul of the New Covenant Siregar, Helda Yanti
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 6, No 2 (2025): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.6, No.2 (July 2025)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v6i2.113

Abstract

This study aims to trace and analyse the development of the discipleship system in the biblical narrative, starting from the prophetic tradition in the Old Testament to the formation of the early churches under the leadership of the apostles and the apostle Paul in the New Testament. Discipleship is understood as an intentional process of spiritual, theological, and ethical formation within the framework of the relationship between a spiritual mentor and his or her successor. In the Old Testament, discipleship is prophetic and symbolic, seen in the Moses-Joshua, Elijah-Elisha, Samuel and his band of disciples, and Isaiah and his band of followers, as well as the community of prophets that emerged in the historical context of Israel. This system emphasised the inheritance of charisma, prophetic authority, and the internalisation of God's law. Entering the New Testament, Jesus introduced an incarnational and relational discipleship paradigm, emphasising the transformation of the totality of life through direct engagement in the life of the Master. The Apostle Paul then institutionalised this discipleship practice in the context of the early Christian community, with structured patterns of teaching, multiplicative discipleship, and a focus on the reproduction of spiritual leaders. This paper utilises a theological-demonological and historical-critical approach to identify both continuities and conceptual transitions in the practice of discipleship, and offers implicative reflections for the development of a contemporary discipleship system that is contextualised and rooted in the biblical heritage.
The Role of the Husband in Supporting His Wife Post-Childbirth from A Christian Perspective Manggi, Nelci Oktavianti
MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education Vol 6, No 2 (2025): MAHABBAH: Journal of Religion and Education, Vol.6, No.2 (July 2025)
Publisher : Scriptura Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47135/mahabbah.v6i2.116

Abstract

The postpartum state requires important accompaniment from the husband. Before and after childbirth the wife experiences psychological changes that can cause depression. If the wife is depressed, she cannot concentrate on taking care of the children. It will also cause trauma to the wife and children. Even children will not grow and develop according to their age. The writing method uses a qualitative approach by conducting interviews and literature reviews through books, journals that are relevant to the research topic. The role of the husband is not only to meet the needs of the wife and children materially but to love and love the wife is the main thing in a Christian family. Feelings of love and love are the main needs for the wife. The wife will feel calm and happy and will be more focused on taking care of the children and household.