Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal)
MORFAI This journal will publish research articles or studies that are multidisciplinary in nature, including: education, law, health, agriculture, engineering, energy, technology, and social science. This journal is dedicated to explore and socialize many creative and innovative thought who focus in: Humanities: Art, History, Languages, Literature, Music, Philosophy, Religion, Theater, etc. Social Science: Geography, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, Anthropology Management: Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development Engineering: Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics Medical Science: Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry Biology: Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries Physical Education: Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health
Articles
1,776 Documents
<![CDATA[STRENGTHENING THE INTEGRITY OF REGIONAL HEAD CANDIDATES THROUGH THE COMPETENCE TEST MECHANISM IN REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS (PILKADA) ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyu Hindiawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Mukhammad Soleh]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Ayu Irawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Regional Head Elections (Pilkada) are a crucial instrument in local democracy to produce regional leaders with integrity and capacity. However, in practice, Pilkada in Indonesia is still plagued by various problems, such as high political costs, rampant money politics, and weak recruitment mechanisms for regional head candidates, which result in low integrity and increased risks of corruption. This study aims to analyze the implementation of competency testing mechanisms as an instrument to strengthen the integrity of regional head candidates and to formulate an ideal model for strengthening integrity within the framework of the Indonesian constitutional system. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach, through an analysis of related regulations and relevant legal literature. The results show that a structured, objective, and accountable competency testing mechanism can be a strategic instrument in assessing aspects of integrity, leadership capacity, national insight, managerial ability, and commitment to eradicating corruption. The proposed ideal model is based on the principles of the rule of law, democracy, and good governance, and is supported by strong regulations, the involvement of independent institutions, transparency, and public participation. Thus, the implementation of this mechanism is expected to improve the quality of local democracy and produce regional heads who are professional, have integrity, and are oriented towards the interests of the community.]]>
<![CDATA[A JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY CONCEPT IN COMPARISON WITH THE MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES) CONCEPT ]]>
<![CDATA[Wijaya, Belinda]]>;
<![CDATA[Tristam Pascal Moeliono]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Large businesses in various countries are required to assist and support Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)—known in Indonesia as UMKM—through partnerships. These partnerships can take the form of franchise agreements or other types of agreements. One form of partnership commonly found in business practice is a business opportunity or business package. This paper will examine the form of partnership known as a business opportunity and how the laws in the United States and Indonesia address the development of such collaborations between large-scale businesses and small enterprises (MSMEs or individuals). The research methods employed are normative legal analysis and comparative law. A key finding is that, unlike in the United States, the partnership form giving rise to business opportunity packages—which are not exactly the same as franchise agreements—in Indonesia remains subject to legal practice, meaning it is based solely on contractual freedom. Furthermore, although these business packages resemble partnership agreements between large businesses and SMEs, they differ because they are often formed between investors and individual business activities or even informal ones.]]>
<![CDATA[CRIMINAL ACT OF CORRUPTION IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE WALEMPING RIVER BRIDGE, BARRU REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Andi Harahap]]>;
<![CDATA[Sunardi Purwanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Khaerul Mannan]]>;
<![CDATA[Bakhtiar Tijjang]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Sabir]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20031509
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine and analyze the application of the elements of the criminal act of corruption to the legal facts revealed in the trial of the Walemping River Bridge construction case based on Decision Number 42 / Pid.Sus-TPK / 2025 / PN Mks and to determine and analyze the legal basis for the judge's considerations in assessing state financial losses and determining the amount of punishment for the Defendant. This study uses a normative legal research type, with a case study approach to the Legal Analysis of the Corruption Crime in the Construction of the Walemping River Bridge in Barru Regency. The types and sources of legal materials use primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Data analysis is examined from a qualitative perspective. The results of the study show: 1) That the application of the elements of the criminal act of corruption to the legal facts revealed in the trial of the Walemping River Bridge construction case based on Decision Number 42 / Pid.Sus-TPK / 2025 / PN Mks has been effective. 2) That the basis for the judge's considerations in assessing state financial losses and determining the amount of punishment for the Defendant is by using the judge's legal logic, where in this decision it shifts from formal positivism (looking at what is written in the contract) to pragmatic/material positivism (looking at the facts of where the money flows and what the results are in the field).]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF EDUCATION POLICY IN REDUCE THE PHENOMENON OF STUDENTS DROPOUTS IN VARIOUS REGIONS IN INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Winarti]]>;
<![CDATA[Eddy Haryanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Masbirorotni]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[The phenomenon of school dropouts in Indonesia is a complex issue influenced by various multidimensional factors. This study aims to identify the factors causing school dropouts and analyze government policies to reduce the dropout rate. The method used is Systematic Literature Review(SLR). The analysis results show that economic factors are the most dominant cause, mainly due to limited family income, high education costs, and the demand for children to contribute to the family economy. In addition, social and cultural environmental factors, such as low public awareness of the importance of education, certain cultural values, and the influence of the surrounding environment, also contribute to increasing the dropout rate. Individual factors, such as low motivation to learn, interest, and academic ability of students, are also factors in dropping out of school. On the other hand, the government has implemented various policies to reduce the dropout rate, including the School Operational Assistance (BOS/BOSP), the Smart Indonesia Program (PIP), the free education and 12-year compulsory education policies, and regional-based programs supported by the commitment of local governments. Furthermore, strengthening data collection systems, social interventions, and cross-sector collaboration are also important strategies in addressing this issue. Although these policies have had a positive impact, their implementation still faces various obstacles, such as inaccurate targeting, uneven distribution of aid, and suboptimal coordination between institutions. Therefore, strengthening policy implementation, increasing public awareness, and a more comprehensive and sustainable approach are needed to reduce the dropout rate in Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[SEISMICITY ANALYSIS BASED ON THE INTEGRATION OF EARTHQUAKE VULNERABILITY INDEX (KG) THROUGH POLYGON DISTRIBUTION IN BENGKULU CITY AREA ]]>
<![CDATA[Shela Purba]]>;
<![CDATA[Refrizon]]>;
<![CDATA[Arif Ismul Hadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Bengkulu Province is an area with a very high level of earthquake susceptibility, this is due to the confluence of large tectonic plates, covering Indo-Australia, Eurasia, and the Pacific. This is the fundamental reason for the need for micro-zoning mapping as a basis for spatial planning evaluation and sustainable development, especially in the city of Bengkulu which is the heart of the province where it is the center of regional social and economic activities. This concept is by applying the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method and inversion of the microtremor curve as a result of obtaining shear wave velocity data at a depth of 30 meters as many as 30 measurement points covering the distributed Bengkulu City that forms polygons. The HVSR parameters reviewed include dominant frequency (f₀), amplification (A₀), and seismic vulnerability index ( Kg) show that Bengkulu City has very heterogeneous sediment characteristics from soft to hard where the value of the earthquake susceptibility index is in the range of 0.25-8 and the shear wave speed range at a depth of 30 meters, namely in the range of 240 m/s - 520 m/s. This study concludes that Bengkulu City has a very complex level of seismic vulnerability with specific conditions that divide the area into 3 large zones which include the risk zone, conditional zone, and safe zone. The division of the zone is an illustration of the response behavior to the area in Bengkulu City, both actions of managing the area wisely through improving the design of earthquake-resistant building structures so that the basis of regional planning recommendations for the direction of spatial planning in Bengkulu Province can minimize disaster risk. Keywords: HVSR, Microtremor, Vs30, Earthquake vulnerability index, Microzoning, spatial planning.]]>
<![CDATA[LEGAL STUDY OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION OF M E ACTS AGAINST THE LAW OF PLACING ADVERTISEMENTS WITHOUT RIGHTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Sitti Samia]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Sabir Rahman]]>;
<![CDATA[Aksah Kasim]]>;
<![CDATA[Bakhtiar Tijjang]]>;
<![CDATA[Kairuddin Karim]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20032762
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine and analyze the process of resolving disputes over the unlawful act of installing billboards and the legal consequences that occur if the billboard is installed incorrectly without rights. This study uses a normative research type with a legislative approach and an analytical approach. The types of legal sources use primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Legal analysis will be studied in a qualitative prescriptive manner. The results of this study are the process of resolving disputes over the unlawful act of installing billboards, namely there are 2 paths or mechanisms, namely identifying or proving that the installation of billboards without rights meets the elements in Article 1364 of the Civil Code. In the settlement there are 2 efforts, namely Non-Litigation Efforts (Outside the Court) by seeking Negotiation, mediation, and Conciliation. However, if the Non-Litigation Effort is not successful and effective, then the Court Effort by filing a civil lawsuit in the Court can be carried out with the initial stage of filing a lawsuit (registration of the lawsuit, appointment of a panel of judges and determination of the trial date and mediation efforts), the examination stage (reading of the lawsuit, the defendant's response, replies and duplicates), the evidence stage (letters, witnesses, experts and others) and the final stage of the Conclusion and decision. After a court decision that has permanent legal force (completed or no legal efforts), then the execution will be carried out according to the wording of the decision and the legal consequences that occur if the error in installing a billboard without rights is the result of civil law related to the error in installing a billboard without rights, namely the perpetrator or installer is obliged to make compensation, stop the use of land without permission while dismantling the billboard without rights and returning the condition of the land or building to its original state.]]>
