Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal)
MORFAI This journal will publish research articles or studies that are multidisciplinary in nature, including: education, law, health, agriculture, engineering, energy, technology, and social science. This journal is dedicated to explore and socialize many creative and innovative thought who focus in: Humanities: Art, History, Languages, Literature, Music, Philosophy, Religion, Theater, etc. Social Science: Geography, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, Anthropology Management: Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development Engineering: Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics Medical Science: Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry Biology: Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries Physical Education: Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health
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<![CDATA[JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF ADVOCATES IN PROVIDING NON-LITIGATION LEGAL ASSISTANCE AS AN EFFORT TO RESOLVE DISPUTES OVER DOCTORS' MEDICAL ACTIONS IN HOSPITALS (CASE STUDY IN HOSPITALS) ]]>
<![CDATA[Annisa Dea]]>;
<![CDATA[Irsyam Risdawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Redyanto Sidi]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[The purpose of this study is the importance of the role of advocates as providers of non-litigation legal aid as an effort to resolvedisputes in the world of health, one of which is medical actions carried out by doctors in carrying out professional obligations thatresult in the risk of lawsuits. Therefore, in this condition, this study is directed to examine the role of advocates in providing legal aid to medical personnel based on Law Number 18 of 2003 concerning Advocates, and linking it with the new Law Number 17 of 2023concerning Health and Law 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice. For this reason, this study uses a qualitative descriptive method, namely research based on library research that reviews related laws and regulations. The results of the study indicate that advocates have an important role in providing non-litigation legal assistance to patients and medical personnel, such as providing legal consultations, helping to prepare documents, contacting hospitals, helping to gather information, mediating, providing advice, helping to process certificates and licenses, and helping to deal with complaints. It also shows that advocates have a strategic and important role in providing legal protection to medical personnel, where advocates must provide legal assistance services with fullresponsibility, integrity, and professionalism with the aim of realizing justice and recommending advocates to continue to develop special expertise in the health sector and deepen their knowledge of health regulations and regulations in order to achieve maximum legal assistance and can benefit all parties.]]>
<![CDATA[THE ROLE OF THE SOUTH HALMAHERA REGENCY INDUSTRY AND TRADE DEPARTMENT IN THE SALE OF THRIFTING GOODS ]]>
<![CDATA[Dahlai Hasim]]>;
<![CDATA[Mardia Ibrahim]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Amin Hanafi]]>;
<![CDATA[Arief Budiono]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20482451
<![CDATA[This study examines the widespread sale of imported used clothing (thrift trade) in South Halmahera Regency. The research is driven by concerns that the importation and trade of used clothing contradict existing laws and may pose health risks to consumers. The study aims to analyze the legal framework governing the imported used clothing trade and to identify the efforts undertaken by the South Halmahera Department of Trade and Industry to address the issue. Using an empirical normative legal method, the research relies on primary data gathered through observations and interviews. The findings reveal the absence of specific regional regulations controlling the entry of used clothing into North Maluku Province, allowing such goods to be traded freely. In response, the Department of Trade and Industry has implemented measures such as organizing sales locations and coordinating with the provincial government to strengthen regulation at the import level. The study highlights Ministerial Regulation No. 40 of 2022, which prohibits the import of used goods, including used clothing. Additionally, the research notes that Indonesia’s main suppliers of used clothing in 2023 were the UK, Taiwan, and Hong Kong.]]>
<![CDATA[INSTITUTIONS IN VILLAGE EMPOWERMENT AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE DEVELOPMENT IN BANYUASIN REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[M Defri Adi Shah Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Andries Lionardo]]>;
<![CDATA[Alamsyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Slamet Widodo]]>;
<![CDATA[Rudy Chendra]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Study This aim for study dynamics institutional in empowerment village at a time compile strengthening institutional based development in the Regency Banyuasin. Research use approach qualitative with design studies case study to understand interaction inter-factors, social values and norms, and practice developing institutions in the empowerment process village. Data obtained through interview in-depth, observation field, and study documentation to actors strategic at the level village and government area.Results study show that implementation empowerment village Still tend oriented administrative and not yet fully push participation substantive society. Conditions the influenced by limitations capacity source Power human, low involvement society, as well as not yet optimally internalization values public in governance village. However Thus, the study also found that existence opportunity strengthening institutional through utilization potential local, support source power and development collaboration multi- actor research This produce draft strengthening institutions that emphasize integration between structure institutional, values public, role actors, and participatory processes in creating public value in the form of improvement welfare society, quality service public, and trust public to government village.]]>
<![CDATA[EVALUATION OF THE MICRODILUTION METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF THE MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION (MIC) OF TERBINAFINE AGAINST TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM ]]>
<![CDATA[Thalia Anggrea Noor]]>;
<![CDATA[Delly Chipta Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Conny Riana Tjampakasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Trichophyton rubrum is the leading cause of dermatophytosis with a global prevalence of 50–90%. Terbinafine is a first-line therapy that works by inhibiting the squalene epoxidase enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis. Accurate determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a standardized susceptibility test method is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of therapy. This study aims to standardize the concentration of terbinafine using the microdilution method based on CLSI M38-A2 guidelines against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC MYA-4438. The test was carried out using an inoculum concentration of 1×10³–3×10³ CFU/mL with varying terbinafine concentrations , then incubated at 28–30°C for 3–4 days. The results showed MIC values of 0.125 µg/mL; 0.25 µg/mL; and 0.125 µg/mL, respectively. An essential agreement (EA) value of 100% indicates high method precision. Morphological analysis revealed changes in hyphal structure in the form of fragmentation, a decrease in the number of conidia, cytoplasmic clumping, and uneven cell walls due to squalene accumulation. Thus, the microdilution method proved valid and reproducible for determining the MIC of terbinafine against T. rubrum .]]>
<![CDATA[LEGAL STUDY OF DEFENSE STRATEGIES IN CRIMINAL CASES BASED ON ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Rusdi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sunardi Purwanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Sabir Rahman]]>;
<![CDATA[Bakhtiar Tijjang]]>;
<![CDATA[Aksah Kasim]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20482579
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine and analyze the legal qualifications in the Criminal Procedure Code and the ITE Law regarding electronic evidence in criminal cases in Indonesia and effective defense strategies in facing electronic evidence-based criminal cases by adapting to the new criminal law system. This study uses a Normative research type with a Legislative Approach and a Conceptual Approach. The types of legal material sources use Primary legal materials, Secondary legal materials and Tertiary legal materials. Legal analysis will be studied in a qualitative prescriptive manner. The results of this study are the legal qualifications in the Criminal Procedure Code and the ITE Law regarding electronic evidence in criminal cases in Indonesia, namely the Legal Qualification of Electronic Evidence based on Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, namely formally recognized as evidence, obtained legally and authentically (original and not changed/manipulated) and materially related to the crime and the identity of the perpetrator. While the legal qualifications according to the 2024 ITE Law are Valid as evidence, Obtained legally. and Obtained from a secure and tested electronic system, Electronic evidence must be original (authentic), unchanged (integrity) and trustworthy (reliability) and Must be related to the case and Effective defense strategies in facing electronic evidence-based criminal case evidence by adapting to the new criminal law system, namely Delegitimization of electronic evidence, Reclassification of evidence, Testimonium de Auditu Digital attacks, Analysis of evidence linkages, psychological attacks and suggestions and Alternative narratives.]]>
<![CDATA[RECONSTRUCTION OF THE REGULATION OF CIVIL RELATIONSHIPS OF CHILDREN BORN OUT OF WEDDING TOWARDS THEIR BIOLOGICAL FATHERS POST CONSTITUTIONAL COURT DECISION NUMBER 46/PUU-VIII/2010 ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohammad Raja Avatar]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20635665
<![CDATA[Children born out of wedlock face structural discrimination in the Indonesian legal system, particularly due to the provisions of Article 43 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, which limits the civil relationship of the child only to the mother and her family. Constitutional Court Decree Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 emerged as a legal breakthrough that recognizes the civil relationship between children born out of wedlock and their biological fathers based on scientific evidence. However, the decision is declaratory in nature without being accompanied by adequately implementing norms, resulting in a systemic normative gap in practice. This study aims to identify the forms of normative gaps in the regulation of the decision and to formulate the necessary legal reconstruction to establish a fair civil relationship between children born out of wedlock and their biological father. The research uses a normative juridical method with a Legislation Approach, Case Approach and Conceptual Approach. The research results indicate that the legal vacuum includes the absence of a standard biological proof mechanism, unclear scope of civil rights, weak institutional coordination, as well as disharmony with the Islamic inheritance law system. Comprehensive legal reconstruction through the revision of the Marriage Law and the establishment of implementing regulations becomes a necessity to achieve substantive justice for children born out of wedlock.]]>
<![CDATA[COMPONENT-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF QUANTITY TAKE-OFF DEVIATIONS BETWEEN BIM AND CONVENTIONAL METHODS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE STRUCTURES ]]>
<![CDATA[Indra Kusuma]]>;
<![CDATA[Dedi Enda]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20655558
<![CDATA[Material quantity calculation is a critical stage in construction planning because the accuracy of quantity estimation directly affects project cost control and decision-making. In bridge construction, Quantity Take-Off (QTO) is commonly performed using conventional methods based on two-dimensional drawings, which may lead to quantity deviations due to geometric simplifications and limitations in representing complex structural details. This study aims to compare concrete and reinforcement quantities obtained using conventional methods and Building Information Modeling (BIM) through Autodesk Revit, as well as to identify the factors causing quantity deviations in bridge components. The research was conducted on the Tanjung Alai Village Bridge by developing a three-dimensional BIM model based on Detail Engineering Design (DED) drawings. Quantity comparisons were evaluated using percentage error and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) analyses. The results showed average error values of 0.157% for concrete and 1.559% for reinforcement, with RMSE values of 0.015 m³ and 0.009 m³, respectively. The largest concrete deviation occurred in the Backwall due to its non-prismatic geometry, while the largest reinforcement deviation was found in the wing wall because BIM captured actual reinforcement length variations not fully represented in conventional calculations. These findings indicate that BIM provides reliable quantity estimation and a more detailed representation of structural geometry and reinforcement configurations in reinforced concrete bridge structures]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE AND REINFORCEMENT QUANTITY TAKE-OFF OF BRIDGE APPROACH STRUCTURES USING AUTODESK REVIT 2024 AND CONVENTIONAL METHODS ]]>
<![CDATA[Rubiasih Afrida]]>;
<![CDATA[Dedi Enda]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20694446
<![CDATA[The development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) has accelerated the digitalization of construction planning and management processes, including Quantity Take Off (QTO) calculations that require high speed and accuracy. However, the estimation of concrete and reinforcement quantities for bridge approach structures is still commonly performed using conventional methods, which are prone to calculation errors and require relatively more time. In addition, studies investigating the application of BIM to bridge approach structures with curved geometries remain limited. This study aims to analyze and compare the Quantity Take Off results of concrete and reinforcement obtained using Autodesk Revit 2024 and conventional methods for the bridge approach structures of Sei Kuala and Sei Akar Bridges on the Bagan Jaya–Tembilahan road section. A comparative quantitative research method was employed by developing a three-dimensional model based on project design data and extracting quantity information using the Schedule/Quantity feature in Autodesk Revit 2024. The accuracy of the calculated quantities was evaluated using the Average Error and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) parameters. The results indicate that Autodesk Revit 2024 is capable of producing quantity estimates that closely correspond to those obtained through conventional methods, with an Average Error of 2.619% for concrete and 5.920% for reinforcement, and RMSE values of 0.473 m³ and 0.656 m³, respectively. The largest deviation was observed in the deck slab reinforcement due to the curved geometry of the bridge approach, which caused Autodesk Revit to calculate the length of each reinforcing bar individually. Overall, the findings demonstrate that Autodesk Revit 2024 can serve as an effective and reliable alternative for performing Quantity Take Off on bridge approach structures with complex geometries.]]>
