Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal)
MORFAI This journal will publish research articles or studies that are multidisciplinary in nature, including: education, law, health, agriculture, engineering, energy, technology, and social science. This journal is dedicated to explore and socialize many creative and innovative thought who focus in: Humanities: Art, History, Languages, Literature, Music, Philosophy, Religion, Theater, etc. Social Science: Geography, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, Anthropology Management: Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development Engineering: Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics Medical Science: Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry Biology: Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries Physical Education: Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health
Articles
2,032 Documents
<![CDATA[THE ROLE OF THE SOUTH HALMAHERA REGENCY INDUSTRY AND TRADE DEPARTMENT IN THE SALE OF THRIFTING GOODS ]]>
<![CDATA[Dahlai Hasim]]>;
<![CDATA[Mardia Ibrahim]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Amin Hanafi]]>;
<![CDATA[Arief Budiono]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20482451
<![CDATA[This study examines the widespread sale of imported used clothing (thrift trade) in South Halmahera Regency. The research is driven by concerns that the importation and trade of used clothing contradict existing laws and may pose health risks to consumers. The study aims to analyze the legal framework governing the imported used clothing trade and to identify the efforts undertaken by the South Halmahera Department of Trade and Industry to address the issue. Using an empirical normative legal method, the research relies on primary data gathered through observations and interviews. The findings reveal the absence of specific regional regulations controlling the entry of used clothing into North Maluku Province, allowing such goods to be traded freely. In response, the Department of Trade and Industry has implemented measures such as organizing sales locations and coordinating with the provincial government to strengthen regulation at the import level. The study highlights Ministerial Regulation No. 40 of 2022, which prohibits the import of used goods, including used clothing. Additionally, the research notes that Indonesia’s main suppliers of used clothing in 2023 were the UK, Taiwan, and Hong Kong.]]>
<![CDATA[INSTITUTIONS IN VILLAGE EMPOWERMENT AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE DEVELOPMENT IN BANYUASIN REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[M Defri Adi Shah Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Andries Lionardo]]>;
<![CDATA[Alamsyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Slamet Widodo]]>;
<![CDATA[Rudy Chendra]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21174240
<![CDATA[Study This aim for study dynamics institutional in empowerment village at a time compile strengthening institutional based development in the Regency Banyuasin. Research use approach qualitative with design studies case study to understand interaction inter-factors, social values and norms, and practice developing institutions in the empowerment process village. Data obtained through interview in-depth, observation field, and study documentation to actors strategic at the level village and government area.Results study show that implementation empowerment village Still tend oriented administrative and not yet fully push participation substantive society. Conditions the influenced by limitations capacity source Power human, low involvement society, as well as not yet optimally internalization values public in governance village. However Thus, the study also found that existence opportunity strengthening institutional through utilization potential local, support source power and development collaboration multi- actor research This produce draft strengthening institutions that emphasize integration between structure institutional, values public, role actors, and participatory processes in creating public value in the form of improvement welfare society, quality service public, and trust public to government village.]]>
<![CDATA[EVALUATION OF THE MICRODILUTION METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF THE MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION (MIC) OF TERBINAFINE AGAINST TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM ]]>
<![CDATA[Thalia Anggrea Noor]]>;
<![CDATA[Delly Chipta Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Conny Riana Tjampakasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[Trichophyton rubrum is the leading cause of dermatophytosis with a global prevalence of 50–90%. Terbinafine is a first-line therapy that works by inhibiting the squalene epoxidase enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis. Accurate determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a standardized susceptibility test method is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of therapy. This study aims to standardize the concentration of terbinafine using the microdilution method based on CLSI M38-A2 guidelines against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC MYA-4438. The test was carried out using an inoculum concentration of 1×10³–3×10³ CFU/mL with varying terbinafine concentrations , then incubated at 28–30°C for 3–4 days. The results showed MIC values of 0.125 µg/mL; 0.25 µg/mL; and 0.125 µg/mL, respectively. An essential agreement (EA) value of 100% indicates high method precision. Morphological analysis revealed changes in hyphal structure in the form of fragmentation, a decrease in the number of conidia, cytoplasmic clumping, and uneven cell walls due to squalene accumulation. Thus, the microdilution method proved valid and reproducible for determining the MIC of terbinafine against T. rubrum .]]>
<![CDATA[LEGAL STUDY OF DEFENSE STRATEGIES IN CRIMINAL CASES BASED ON ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Rusdi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sunardi Purwanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Sabir Rahman]]>;
<![CDATA[Bakhtiar Tijjang]]>;
<![CDATA[Aksah Kasim]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20482579
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine and analyze the legal qualifications in the Criminal Procedure Code and the ITE Law regarding electronic evidence in criminal cases in Indonesia and effective defense strategies in facing electronic evidence-based criminal cases by adapting to the new criminal law system. This study uses a Normative research type with a Legislative Approach and a Conceptual Approach. The types of legal material sources use Primary legal materials, Secondary legal materials and Tertiary legal materials. Legal analysis will be studied in a qualitative prescriptive manner. The results of this study are the legal qualifications in the Criminal Procedure Code and the ITE Law regarding electronic evidence in criminal cases in Indonesia, namely the Legal Qualification of Electronic Evidence based on Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, namely formally recognized as evidence, obtained legally and authentically (original and not changed/manipulated) and materially related to the crime and the identity of the perpetrator. While the legal qualifications according to the 2024 ITE Law are Valid as evidence, Obtained legally. and Obtained from a secure and tested electronic system, Electronic evidence must be original (authentic), unchanged (integrity) and trustworthy (reliability) and Must be related to the case and Effective defense strategies in facing electronic evidence-based criminal case evidence by adapting to the new criminal law system, namely Delegitimization of electronic evidence, Reclassification of evidence, Testimonium de Auditu Digital attacks, Analysis of evidence linkages, psychological attacks and suggestions and Alternative narratives.]]>
<![CDATA[RECONSTRUCTION OF THE REGULATION OF CIVIL RELATIONSHIPS OF CHILDREN BORN OUT OF WEDDING TOWARDS THEIR BIOLOGICAL FATHERS POST CONSTITUTIONAL COURT DECISION NUMBER 46/PUU-VIII/2010 ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohammad Raja Avatar]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20635665
<![CDATA[Children born out of wedlock face structural discrimination in the Indonesian legal system, particularly due to the provisions of Article 43 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, which limits the civil relationship of the child only to the mother and her family. Constitutional Court Decree Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 emerged as a legal breakthrough that recognizes the civil relationship between children born out of wedlock and their biological fathers based on scientific evidence. However, the decision is declaratory in nature without being accompanied by adequately implementing norms, resulting in a systemic normative gap in practice. This study aims to identify the forms of normative gaps in the regulation of the decision and to formulate the necessary legal reconstruction to establish a fair civil relationship between children born out of wedlock and their biological father. The research uses a normative juridical method with a Legislation Approach, Case Approach and Conceptual Approach. The research results indicate that the legal vacuum includes the absence of a standard biological proof mechanism, unclear scope of civil rights, weak institutional coordination, as well as disharmony with the Islamic inheritance law system. Comprehensive legal reconstruction through the revision of the Marriage Law and the establishment of implementing regulations becomes a necessity to achieve substantive justice for children born out of wedlock.]]>
<![CDATA[COMPONENT-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF QUANTITY TAKE-OFF DEVIATIONS BETWEEN BIM AND CONVENTIONAL METHODS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE STRUCTURES ]]>
<![CDATA[Indra Kusuma]]>;
<![CDATA[Dedi Enda]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20655558
<![CDATA[Material quantity calculation is a critical stage in construction planning because the accuracy of quantity estimation directly affects project cost control and decision-making. In bridge construction, Quantity Take-Off (QTO) is commonly performed using conventional methods based on two-dimensional drawings, which may lead to quantity deviations due to geometric simplifications and limitations in representing complex structural details. This study aims to compare concrete and reinforcement quantities obtained using conventional methods and Building Information Modeling (BIM) through Autodesk Revit, as well as to identify the factors causing quantity deviations in bridge components. The research was conducted on the Tanjung Alai Village Bridge by developing a three-dimensional BIM model based on Detail Engineering Design (DED) drawings. Quantity comparisons were evaluated using percentage error and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) analyses. The results showed average error values of 0.157% for concrete and 1.559% for reinforcement, with RMSE values of 0.015 m³ and 0.009 m³, respectively. The largest concrete deviation occurred in the Backwall due to its non-prismatic geometry, while the largest reinforcement deviation was found in the wing wall because BIM captured actual reinforcement length variations not fully represented in conventional calculations. These findings indicate that BIM provides reliable quantity estimation and a more detailed representation of structural geometry and reinforcement configurations in reinforced concrete bridge structures]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE AND REINFORCEMENT QUANTITY TAKE-OFF OF BRIDGE APPROACH STRUCTURES USING AUTODESK REVIT 2024 AND CONVENTIONAL METHODS ]]>
<![CDATA[Rubiasih Afrida]]>;
<![CDATA[Dedi Enda]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20694446
<![CDATA[The development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) has accelerated the digitalization of construction planning and management processes, including Quantity Take Off (QTO) calculations that require high speed and accuracy. However, the estimation of concrete and reinforcement quantities for bridge approach structures is still commonly performed using conventional methods, which are prone to calculation errors and require relatively more time. In addition, studies investigating the application of BIM to bridge approach structures with curved geometries remain limited. This study aims to analyze and compare the Quantity Take Off results of concrete and reinforcement obtained using Autodesk Revit 2024 and conventional methods for the bridge approach structures of Sei Kuala and Sei Akar Bridges on the Bagan Jaya–Tembilahan road section. A comparative quantitative research method was employed by developing a three-dimensional model based on project design data and extracting quantity information using the Schedule/Quantity feature in Autodesk Revit 2024. The accuracy of the calculated quantities was evaluated using the Average Error and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) parameters. The results indicate that Autodesk Revit 2024 is capable of producing quantity estimates that closely correspond to those obtained through conventional methods, with an Average Error of 2.619% for concrete and 5.920% for reinforcement, and RMSE values of 0.473 m³ and 0.656 m³, respectively. The largest deviation was observed in the deck slab reinforcement due to the curved geometry of the bridge approach, which caused Autodesk Revit to calculate the length of each reinforcing bar individually. Overall, the findings demonstrate that Autodesk Revit 2024 can serve as an effective and reliable alternative for performing Quantity Take Off on bridge approach structures with complex geometries.]]>
<![CDATA[LEGAL ANALYSIS OF BANKRUPTCY DECISIONS IN CORPORATIONS DURING THE HOMOLOGATION PROCESS AND THEIR IMPACT ON LEGAL CERTAINTY ]]>
<![CDATA[Sharon Dwi]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study discusses legal issues regarding bankruptcy judgments issued against companies that are or have undergone the homologation process in the Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU). In the bankruptcy legal system in Indonesia, homologation is the final stage of the PKPU which aims to provide an opportunity for debtors and creditors to reach a legally binding peace agreement. However, in practice, there is a missynchronization between the applicability of homologation and the possibility of bankruptcy applications, which raises debates about legal certainty and protection for the parties. This study uses a normative juridical approach with qualitative analysis methods of laws and regulations, doctrines, and case studies of court decisions. The results of the study show that although legally a bankruptcy judgment can be rendered against debtors who have undergone the homologation process, it can only be done if there is a real breach of the content of the agreement, and after the homologation is canceled through a valid legal mechanism. In addition, the implementation of the bankruptcy process that continues during the cassation of the bankruptcy decision that has not been decided in a binding manner can cause legal uncertainty that is detrimental to both debtors and creditors. For this reason, it is necessary to strengthen regulations and stricter judicial guidelines regarding the prohibition or limitation of bankruptcy filings as long as the homologation is still valid, as well as an automatic postponement mechanism for the bankruptcy process during legal proceedings. This is important to maintain the function of PKPU as a means of business rehabilitation and ensure the principles of legal certainty and justice for all parties.]]>
<![CDATA[THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNET ADDICTION AND IMPULSIVE BUYING AMONG STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 1 SALATIGA WHO USE E-COMMERCE ]]>
<![CDATA[Dani Aji Kartiko]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewita Karema Sarajar]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[The development of the internet and technology cannot be separated from human life in this modern era. This condition is experienced by all groups, particularly senior high school students who are entering adolescence and tend to have unstable emotions. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between internet addiction and impulsive buying. The participants of this study consisted of 209 respondents who were students of SMA Negeri 1 Salatiga from grades 10 to 12 and users of e-commerce, selected using a purposive sampling method. The measurements were conducted using the Impulsive Buying Tendency Scale (IBTS) and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Data analysis was carried out using Pearson correlation analysis, which indicated a positive and significant relationship between internet addiction and impulsive buying, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.207 and a significance value of p = 0.003 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that the higher the level of internet addiction experienced by students, the higher their tendency to engage in impulsive buying behavior. The findings of this study suggest that internet addiction is one of the factors associated with impulsive buying among students of SMA Negeri 1 Salatiga, particularly those who use e-commerce.]]>
<![CDATA[JURIDICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE REVISION OF ARTICLE 47 OF THE TNI LAW ON CIVILIAN SUPREMACY IN INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Fredrik Dian Panarawa]]>;
<![CDATA[Karlinae D. Bangas]]>;
<![CDATA[Ivans Januardy]]>;
<![CDATA[Yacob F. Martono]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[The revision of Article 47 of Law Number 3 of 2025 concerning Amendments to Law Number 34 of 2004 on the Indonesian National Armed Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia/TNI) has generated debate within Indonesia’s constitutional system, particularly regarding the appointment of active TNI personnel to civilian positions. The expansion of such assignments raises questions concerning its consistency with the principles of civilian supremacy, military professionalism, and the merit system under Law Number 20 of 2023 on the State Civil Apparatus. This study aims to analyze the juridical implications of the revision of Article 47 from the perspective of constitutional law and to examine its conformity with the constitutional principles of the rule of law and post-1998 security sector reform. This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches through an analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that, formally, the revision is valid as a legislative product; however, materially, it gives rise to potential normative tensions with the principles of civilian supremacy and the merit-based bureaucratic system. Therefore, more comprehensive implementing regulations and harmonization with civil service regulations are necessary to ensure that the appointment of active military personnel to civilian positions remains within the framework of the rule of law and constitutional democracy.]]>
