Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal)
MORFAI This journal will publish research articles or studies that are multidisciplinary in nature, including: education, law, health, agriculture, engineering, energy, technology, and social science. This journal is dedicated to explore and socialize many creative and innovative thought who focus in: Humanities: Art, History, Languages, Literature, Music, Philosophy, Religion, Theater, etc. Social Science: Geography, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, Anthropology Management: Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development Engineering: Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics Medical Science: Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry Biology: Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries Physical Education: Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health
Articles
2,032 Documents
<![CDATA[EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AS A STRATEGIC MECHANISM LINKING SAFETY CULTURE AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION TO SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE IN INDONESIAN COAL MINING ]]>
<![CDATA[Joni Pratikno]]>;
<![CDATA[Irsan Tricahyadinata]]>;
<![CDATA[Saida Zainurossalamia ZA]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Purpose - This study examines how safety culture and digital transformation shape employee engagement and sustainable performance in a high-risk coal mining context. It also investigates whether employee engagement mediates the effects of safety culture and digital transformation on sustainable performance. Design/methodology/approach - A quantitative explanatory design was used. Survey data were collected from 204 employees of PT Indominco Mandiri Bontang, Indonesia, selected from a population of 422 employees using proportionate stratified random sampling. The research model was tested with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4.0. The measurement model was assessed through outer loadings, Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, average variance extracted, and Fornell-Larcker discriminant validity. The structural model was evaluated through R-square, f-square, path coefficients, and bootstrapped indirect effects. Findings - Safety culture has significant positive effects on employee engagement and sustainable performance. Digital transformation also has significant positive effects on employee engagement and sustainable performance. Employee engagement significantly improves sustainable performance and partially mediates both the safety culture-sustainable performance and digital transformation-sustainable performance relationships. The model explains 53.1% of the variance in employee engagement and 65.0% of the variance in sustainable performance. Originality/value - The study contributes to human resource management, safety management, and digital transformation literature by showing that sustainable performance in mining is not generated solely by safety systems or digital technologies, but by the ability of organizations to convert those resources into employee engagement. The findings extend the job demands-resources, social exchange, and resource-based perspectives to an under-researched Indonesian coal mining setting.]]>
<![CDATA[Restorative Justice Paradigm as a Complement to Retributive Justice: A Review from the Perspective of Pancasila Philosophy ]]>
<![CDATA[Azaris Pahlemy]]>;
<![CDATA[Dwi Novantoro]]>;
<![CDATA[Dominikus Rato]]>;
<![CDATA[Fendi Setyawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study employs a normative juridical approach. Following the enactment of the new Indonesian Criminal Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana/KUHP) through Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code and the new Indonesian Code of Criminal Procedure (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana/KUHAP) through Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Code of Criminal Procedure, both of which came into effect on 2 January 2026, there has been a paradigm shift in the focus of criminal punishment from a retributive justice approach to restorative justice. This paradigm shift arose because retributive justice has been unable to resolve the root causes of crime, has failed to provide adequate space for victim recovery, and has negatively affected social interactions within society. The restorative justice approach offers the concept that punishment should not merely be oriented toward retaliation, but should also take into account the rights and losses suffered by victims, while simultaneously seeking the restoration of social relations within the community. The paradigm of restorative justice is reflected in the minutes of the first session of the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence (Badan Penyelidik Usaha-Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan/BPUPK) held from 29 May to 1 June 1945, which became the embryo for the birth of Pancasila, stating that: “…so that in this era the State of Indonesia may be established, where people can live safely and prosperously, moving toward the attainment of perfect humanity. Therefore, the foremost legal requirement must be respect for human rights and obligations in the deepest sense.” Law enforcement cannot be separated from respect for humanitarian values, both from the perspective of perpetrators and victims, in order to realize a safe and prosperous society in accordance with the philosophy of Pancasila. Keywords: Law Enforcement, Concept of Justice, Pancasila Philosophy]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF WALKABILITY INDEX AND THERMAL COMFORT AND THEIR EFFECT ON WALKING INTENTION THROUGH PEDESTRIAN SATISFACTION ON JENDERAL SUDIRMAN STREET, JAKARTA ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhamad Abid Faris]]>;
<![CDATA[Ainun Rahmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Edi Purwanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Riza Phahlevi Marwanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Setia Hadi Pramudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizal Aprianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study examines the influence of the walkability index and thermal comfort on pedestrians’ interest in walking, with satisfaction serving as an intervening variable, along Jalan Jenderal Sudirman in Jakarta. A combined approach was used, including an assessment of the walkability index based on Bina Marga Guideline No. 05/P/BM/2023, measurement of thermal comfort using the Temperature Humidity Index (THI), and SEM-PLS with 100 respondents. The walkability index reached 86.10 (Very Good). The THI indicated that shaded areas were comfortable (28.59–28.86), while unshaded areas were uncomfortable (29.28). Six out of seven SEM-PLS hypotheses were significant. Walkability significantly influences satisfaction (β = 0.663, p = 0.000) and interest in walking (β = 0.401, p = 0.000). Thermal comfort significantly influences satisfaction (β = 0.198, p = 0.026), but does not directly influence interest in walking. Thermal comfort significantly influences walking interest through satisfaction (β=0.088, p=0.050), indicating that satisfaction fully mediates this hypothesis. Satisfaction significantly influences walking interest (β=0.445, p=0.000). The model explains 58.7% of the variance in satisfaction and 73.1% of the variance in interest in walking. Keywords: SEM-PLS; temperature humidity index; thermal comfort; walkability index; walking interest; pedestrian satisfaction]]>
<![CDATA[DEVELOPMENT OF PROBLEM CHILDREN THROUGH THE GAPURA PANCA WALUYA PROGRAM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CHILDREN'S RIGHTS PROTECTION ]]>
<![CDATA[Rizqie Achmad Alfarezi]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20769773
<![CDATA[The Gapura Panca Waluya program, initiated by the Governor of West Java through Circular Letter Number 45/PK.03.03/KESRA, is a policy for fostering troubled children through a semi-military approach involving cooperation with the Indonesian Army. This policy has drawn serious attention considering that the categorization of "problem children" in the circular does not clearly differentiate between children who commit juvenile delinquency and children involved in criminal acts. This study aims to analyze the suitability of the Gapura Panca Waluya program with the principle of the best interests of children as well as the criminal accountability of children who have participated in the program. The research method applied is normative law with a legislative approach and is also based on concepts. The research findings reveal that this program is not in line with the principle of the best interests of children as mandated by Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection and has the potential to violate children's rights guaranteed in Article 28B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia . In addition, this program has the potential to create uncertainty regarding the legal status of children involved in criminal acts, considering that Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System already manages a special handling mechanism that should be taken for children in conflict with the law. As a solution, this program can be integrated as a form of diversion agreement for children involved in criminal acts according to the Juvenile Criminal Justice System mechanism.]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF GLYPHOSATE AND PARAQUAT HERBICIDE USE ON THE MORTALITY OF BANDOTAN WEEDS (AGERATUM CONYZOIDES) IN OIL PALM PLANTATIONS ]]>
<![CDATA[Bornok Adrian Siallagan]]>;
<![CDATA[Aulia Djuanda Djaingsastro]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20746854
<![CDATA[This study aimed to evaluate the effect of glyphosate and paraquat herbicides on the mortality rate of bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) weeds in oil palm plantations. The study used a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications, namely glyphosate (0.4, 0.5, 0.6 mL/L) and paraquat concentration (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mL/L), as well as a control without herbicide. Observations were made for 15 days after application (HSA) based on visual changes in leaves and weed mortality rates. The results showed that the control treatment had a low weed mortality rate of 0.71 up to 15 HSA. All herbicide treatments significantly increased weed mortality. Paraquat showed the fastest response, where treatment P3 (0.4 mL/L) reached a mortality rate of 8.78 at 3 HSA and a maximum of 10.02 at 4-5 HSA. Meanwhile, glyphosate worked more slowly but remained effective, with the G3 treatment (0.6 mL/L) achieving maximum weed mortality (10.02) at 13-15 HSA. Increasing the dosage of both herbicides was positively correlated with accelerated weed mortality. Overall, paraquat was superior in accelerating weed mortality, while glyphosate was more effective in long-term control. However, the use of paraquat should be limited due to its potential environmental and health impacts. Therefore, glyphosate is recommended as a more sustainable alternative, provided appropriate dosage and application timing are used.]]>
<![CDATA[EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GREEN BELT MANGROVE IN MITIGATION OF ABRASION IN KABONGA BESAR VILLAGE, DONGGALA USING DRONE IMAGERY ]]>
<![CDATA[Juan Imanuel]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiyawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatimah Maulida]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21056457
<![CDATA[Abrasion beach is one of the coastal area problems that can influence changes in coastal areas and lowering quality ecosystem coast . Mangroves have function important as green belt natural that plays a role in dampen energy waves , holding back sediment , and helps guard coastal area stability . Research This aim analyze role mangrove cover and density in mitigation abrasion beach in Kabonga Besar Village , Regency Donggala . Research use approach descriptive-quantitative based drone imagery and systems Information Geographic Information System (GIS). Research results show that wide mangrove cover reaches 1.1 hectares and is still form belt green natural in the area coastal areas . The mangrove density level is classified as Good with an average of 2,233 individuals /ha. Changes in the highest tide limit show three point experience accretion with EPR values are 1.62 m/ year , 0.29 m/ year , and 1.04 m/ year , while One point experience abrasion of -0.72 m/ year . Condition the indicates that the coastal area of Kabonga Besar Village tends to relatively stable , although potential abrasion Still found at the location certain . In particular Overall , mangrove cover and density contribute in support coastal area stability as well as help reduce potential abrasion .]]>
<![CDATA[LEGAL PROTECTION OF ADOPTED CHILDREN IN POST-DIVORCE CUSTODY DISPUTES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN NATIONAL LAW AND THE PRINCIPLE OF THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD UNDER THE CRC ]]>
<![CDATA[Cinta Rizqareka Darmawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Surahmad]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20770301
<![CDATA[The rising divorce rate in Indonesia has generated complex legal issues, particularly regarding the custody of adopted children following the dissolution of marriage. Adopted children occupy a vulnerable position as Indonesian positive law lacks specific regulations governing their custody when adoptive parents divorce. This study examines the legal protection of adopted children's guardianship rights post-divorce and evaluates its conformity with the best interests of the child principle under the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). A normative juridical method was applied using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches through library research. The findings reveal that although the 1945 Constitution, Law no. 35 of 2014, Government Regulation no. 54 of 2007, and the Compilation of Islamic Law provide a legal foundation, these instruments remain general and lack specific judicial guidelines. As a result, court decisions in custody disputes involving adopted children tend to be inconsistent. This study recommends the development of specific national judicial guidelines and the inclusion of custody clauses in notarial requirements of adoption to ensure optimal legal protection.]]>
<![CDATA[COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT (LRT) IN THE CITY OF PALEMBANG ]]>
<![CDATA[M. Yoga Jusri Pratama]]>;
<![CDATA[Alfitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdul Nadjib]]>;
<![CDATA[Raniasa Putra]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21174733
<![CDATA[Study This aim For analyzing Collaborative Governance in management of Light Rail Transit (LRT) in Palembang City. The presence of LRT as transportation modern mass is expected capable reduce congestion, increasing mobility society, and create system transportation sustainable urban development. However, Thus, the management of the Palembang LRT is still face various challenges, such as low level occupation passengers, height cost operational, not yet optimally integration between fashion transportation, as well as weakness coordination between stakeholder interests. Research This use method study qualitative approach descriptive. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, documentation, and studies literature. Research results show that Collaborative Governance in Palembang LRT management has not yet walk optimally. Coordination between government area, LRT operator, sector private sector and community Still face various obstacles, especially in aspect communication, integration service transportation, and participation society. In addition, sustainability LRT operations are still very dependent on subsidies government Because low income operational. Research This conclude that strengthening collaboration between stakeholders, increasing integration transportation, as well as involvement public in a way active become factor important in increase effectiveness and sustainability LRT management in Palembang City.]]>
<![CDATA[DIGITAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR OF PONTIANAK CITY ASN IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC SERVICES: THE ROLE OF CHANGE READINESS AND TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT ]]>
<![CDATA[Romawi Marthin]]>;
<![CDATA[Nur Afifah]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustaruddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Titik Rosnani]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Digital transformation in the public sector encourages government organizations to develop Digital Human Resource Management (Digital HRM) practices that are not only oriented towards administrative efficiency but also towards the formation of innovative work behavior of ASN. This study aims to analyze the influence of Digital HRM on Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) of ASN and its implications for the quality of public services by considering the role of readiness to change and technological support in ASN Pontianak City Government. The study uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. Data were collected through a survey of 200 ASN and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that Digital HRM has a positive and significant effect on Innovative Work Behavior of ASN. Readiness to change is proven to mediate the relationship between Digital HRM and innovative behavior of ASN, while technological support has a direct effect on innovative behavior but is unable to strengthen the relationship between Digital HRM and Innovative Work Behavior in a moderating manner. This study also found that Innovative Work Behavior has the strongest influence on the quality of public services, while the direct effect of Digital HRM on the quality of public services is not significant. These findings indicate that the success of digital bureaucratic transformation is determined not only by technological systems, but also by the psychological readiness of civil servants (ASN) and the organization's ability to build a culture of public service innovation. This research provides a theoretical contribution by integrating technological and organizational behavior perspectives to explain digital HRM transformation in the public sector.]]>
<![CDATA[EVALUATING CONTINUOUS REVIEW AND PERIODIC REVIEW SYSTEMS FOR BOTTLED WATER RAW MATERIAL INVENTORY MANAGEMENT ]]>
<![CDATA[Syahidah Amaturrosyid]]>;
<![CDATA[Rudi Nurdiansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdul Muid]]>;
<![CDATA[Aisyah Larasati]]>;
<![CDATA[Sevira Nallendra Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Shafa Wulan Ramadhanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Virna Rachma Fitriani]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Intuition-based inventory planning at PT XYZ, a brand-owning bottled water company, has led to inventory imbalances resulting in overstocking and stockouts that trigger cost inefficiencies. This study aims to perform a comparative analysis between the company's actual policy, the Continuous Review System (Q-System), and the Periodic Review System (P-System) methods to optimize inventory costs. The research utilizes a quantitative comparative approach on 330 mL and 600 mL variants using 2025 operational data. The results indicate that the Q-System can reduce operational costs by up to 33,62%, while the P-System only yields marginal cost savings of 4,04% compared to the actual method. For both the 330 mL and 600 mL variants, the Q-System proved to be the definitively superior model by maintaining a much smaller, yet highly secure safety stock. In conclusion, the company is advised to fully transition its inventory policy to the Q-System to minimize physical holding costs while effectively eliminating the expensive risk of stockouts in a volatile market.]]>
