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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,179 Documents
 88   89   90   91   92 
Development of SIAIR Interactive Media Assisted with Songs to Improve Learning Outcomes on Water Cycle Material in Elementary School Rahayu, Yulina Sri; Sutikno, Putri Yanuarita
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9128

Abstract

Students' understanding of the water cycle material is still relatively low, which is caused by the limited learning media used. This has an impact on the low learning outcomes of students. This study aims to develop interactive media SIAIR assisted by songs to improve student learning outcomes on water cycle material. The novelty of this media lies in the integration of songs with various interactive digital media components, such as text, animated videos, simulation games, and digital comics, which are adapted to the thinking ability of elementary school students. This research uses the R&D method with the ADDIE model, which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects consisted of 41 fifth-grade elementary school students. Data collection techniques through test techniques in the form of pretests and posttests, as well as non-test techniques in the form of observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The data obtained were then analyzed through product assessment, normality test, paired samples t-test, and N-Gain test. The results showed that the song-assisted SIAIR interactive media was very feasible, with a score of 93% from media experts and 94% from material experts. This media is also considered practical by students and teachers, with a practicality level of 97.78% from small groups, 96.56% from large groups, and 100% from teachers. In addition, the effectiveness of the media in improving learning outcomes has been proven empirically. Based on the paired samples t-test, the small group showed a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.001 and N-Gain of 0.5398 with a moderate category. Then, the large group obtained a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 and N-Gain of 0.5617 with a moderate category. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that SIAIR interactive media assisted by songs is a feasible, practical, and effective learning innovation to improve student learning outcomes on water cycle material.
Implementation of Interactive Learning Media Based on Virtual Laboratory on Student Science Literacy Skills Polihito, Nurhalima; Abdjul, Tirtawaty; Ntobuo, Nova Elysia; Yusuf, Muhammad; Odja, Abdul Haris; Nurhayati, Nurhayati
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9138

Abstract

Virtual laboratories allow students to simulate experiments/practical work. This study aims to describe the application of interactive learning media based on virtual laboratories on students' scientific literacy skills in the material of substances and changes. This study uses a one-group pretest-posttest design, with three classes as research samples. The study was conducted in two schools, namely SMP Negeri 1 Tilango and SMP Negeri 1 Tilongkabila. The results of the study showed a significant increase in students' scientific literacy skills after students participated in learning using virtual laboratory media based on PhET Simulation. This media provides students with the opportunity to conduct virtual experiments, which has an impact on increasing their understanding of concepts and critical thinking skills. Based on the results of the analysis, the average posttest score of students was higher than the pretest score, which was 89.35 in the experimental class, 91.90 in replication class 1, and 88.64 in replication class 2. This fact shows that the use of virtual laboratories plays a positive role in improving student learning achievement. Thus, interactive learning media based on virtual laboratories can be used as an effective alternative to support science learning at the junior high school level.
Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model on Improving Student Learning Outcomes in the Classification of Living Things Material Sari, Amelia; Lamangantjo, Chairunnisah J.; Supartin, Supartin; Paramata, Dewi Diana; Yusuf, Frida Maryati; Hermanto, I Made
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9141

Abstract

Learning outcomes are very important as a benchmark for success in the learning process. This study aims to determine the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on improving student learning outcomes in the material of classification of living things at SMP Negeri 1 Suwawa. The method used is Quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of two classes, namely class VII A as the experimental class and class VII C as the control class, which were selected by random sampling. The instrument used was a multiple-choice test of 15 questions. The pretest results showed an average learning outcome of students in the experimental class of 49.8 and the control class of 50.2. After learning, the posttest results increased to 84.3 for the experimental class and 72.1 for the control class. The N-gain value of the experimental class was in the medium-high category with an average of 0.68, while the control class was in the medium category with an average of 0.44. The t-test results showed t-table, namely 5.62 ˃ 2.00 (at a significance level of 0.05), which means that there is a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students using the PBL model and those using the Discovery Learning model. Thus, it can be concluded that the PBL model-based learning has a positive and significant influence on student learning outcomes in the material on the classification of living things.
Effect of Fermentation Duration on the Chemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Sambiloto Leaf (Andrographis paniculata) Kombucha Purwono, Tri Diansy Yana; Agustini, Rudiana
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9154

Abstract

Fermentation is a biotechnological process that can modify chemical characteristics and increase antioxidant activity. The effect of fermentation time is very important for the quality of Andrographis paniculata (Andrographis paniculata) kombucha. This study aims to investigate the potential of sambiloto leaves (Andrographis paniculata) as a base ingredient in kombucha production and to analyze the effect of varying fermentation durations (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days) on the chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of the resulting kombucha. The parameters evaluated include pH, total titratable acidity, total reducing sugars, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the pH of kombucha decreased with increasing fermentation time, from 3,92 ± 0,02 on day 0 to 3.08 ± 0.01 on day 12, indicating enhanced activity of acetic acid-producing microorganisms during fermentation. Titratable acidity increased from 0.11 ± 0.01% to 0.93 ± 0.02%, reflecting the accumulation of organic acids. Total reducing sugar levels initially increased on day 3 (655.72 ± 0.68 mg/mL), then declined to 309.94 ± 0.83 mg/mL by day 12, possibly due to microbial consumption. The total flavonoid content showed a consistent increase from 0.008 mg/mL QE to 0.019 mg/mL QE, indicating the gradual release of bioactive compounds throughout the fermentation process. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded on day 9 (74 ± 0.47%), followed by a slight decrease on day 12 (72 ± 0.00%). These findings suggest that the inclusion of sambiloto leaves does not inhibit fermentation but rather enhances the production of beneficial bioactive compounds. Therefore, sambiloto holds strong potential as a functional ingredient in kombucha rich in natural antioxidants.
Antibacterial Activity of Probiotics from Naniura Made with Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Salmonella typhi Cahyani, Agis Ayu; Agustini, Rudiana
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9155

Abstract

Microbial contamination in foodstuffs, particularly by pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella typhi, is one of the leading causes of foodborne diseases, posing a serious threat to public health. The use of antibiotics to control infections has led to an increase in antibiotic resistance cases, thereby necessitating safer and more sustainable alternatives for controlling pathogenic bacteria. One potential approach is the utilization of natural probiotics derived from traditional fermented foods. Naniura, a traditional dish from North Sumatra made from raw freshwater fish without any heating process, is believed to contain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that function as probiotics. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of probiotics derived from naniura made with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Salmonella typhi. Nile tilapia was selected due to its high protein content and meat structure with fewer bones compared to common carp. The fermentation of naniura was carried out for 10 hours to optimize the growth of probiotic microorganisms. Probiotic isolation was followed by macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical characterizations using TSIA, citrate, motility, indole, ornithine, MRVP, catalase, amylolytic, and proteolytic activity tests. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method against Salmonella typhi. The results showed that the isolated probiotics exhibited morphological and physiological characteristics indicative of the genus Enterococcus, and the diameter of the inhibition zone produced is categorised as strong, with an average inhibition zone of 12.8 mm ± 0.36 against Salmonella typhi. This study demonstrates that naniura made from Nile tilapia has the potential to serve as a natural source of effective antibacterial probiotics.
The Effect of Kelulut Honey (Trigona spp.) Concentration as a Natural Sugar on the Quality of Mung Bean Soyghurt (Vigna radiata L.) Lamdari, Eka Yuniar Retno; Agustini, Rudiana
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9156

Abstract

Mung bean soyghurt is a fermented functional food product developed from plant-based milk derived from mung beans (Vigna radiata L.). Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are employed as the fermentative agents in the fermentation process, with the addition of kelulut honey (Trigona spp.) serving as a natural nutrient source. This product contains both probiotic microorganisms and prebiotic components, offering potential health-promoting properties. This research aimed to was conducted to assess the impact of varying concentrations of kelulut honey, used as a natural sugar, on the quality of mung bean soyghurt. Fermentation was carried out at 37 °C  for 8 hours with kelulut honey incorporated at concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% (v/v), along with 0,5 gram of probiotic starter. The resulting products were analyzed for LAB growth, total titratable acidity (TTA), and pH. LAB populations were determined using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method, titratable acidity was determined through acid-base titration, and pH was assessed using a calibrated pH meter. The results showed that increasing concentrations of kelulut honey significantly enhanced LAB growth and TTA while reducing pH values. The honey also influenced organoleptic properties, including color, aroma, and taste. The best treatment was observed in the formulation containing 10% kelulut honey, which yielded a LAB count of 4,20 × 108 CFU/mL, a TTA of 1,638%, a pH of 4,00, and organoleptic characteristics that received favourable evaluations from the panellists across all assessed parameters.
Development of Spinning Wheel-Based Question Thread Pull Media on Atomic Structure Material to Train Student Communication Skills Khasanah, Adellia Nur; Rusmini, Rusmini
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9165

Abstract

Atomic structure material is important to learn and understand because it is the basis of chemistry learning, but in reality, it is still found that students' academic abilities are lacking in this material. In addition, students' communication skills are still relatively poor in the learning process. Therefore, innovative learning media is needed that can improve students' academic ability in atomic structure material and communication skills at the same time. Media are materials and tools used to help the process of delivering information. One of the media that can be an alternative to overcome existing chemical problems is the spinning wheel-based question thread pull media, which is a media in the form of practice questions, and the answers must be communicated directly. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of spinning wheel-based question thread pull media as a learning media to train communication skills on atomic structure material. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) with the 4D (four-D) model, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. However, this research is limited to the development stage only, which focuses on media validation. The research instrument used was a validation sheet given to three validators, namely two lecturers from the Chemistry Education Study Program and one chemistry teacher. The data analysis technique used is the mode. The results showed that the content validity and construct validity of the spinning wheel-based question thread pull media in each aspect of the assessment were ≥ 3, with a good category. So it can be concluded that the spinning wheel-based question thread pull media developed is declared valid as a learning media in schools to train the communication skills of class X senior high schools or Islamic high school students on atomic structure material. For further research, it is recommended that the media carry out a limited trial as well, so that its practicality and effectiveness can be known.
Thrust Analysis of the RX-70 Rocket Using Burnsim Simulation with Variations in RDX Content and Grain Geometry Adzan, Muhammad Ichsanul; Ruyat, Yayat; Wibowo, Heri Budi
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9194

Abstract

Indonesia, as the largest archipelagic country in the world with a strategic geographical position, has an urgent need to develop a reliable defence system, one of which is through rocket technology. The RX-70 rocket is one of the national rocket development programs designed to strengthen domestic defence capabilities. This study aims to analyze the thrust performance of the RX-70 rocket motor with a numerical simulation approach using BurnSim software. The main focus of this study is to evaluate the effect of variations in Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) content and star grain geometry configuration on the combustion characteristics and thrust performance of a rocket based on composite propellant containing Ammonium Perchlorate (AP), Aluminium (Al), and HTPB binder. The study was conducted quantitatively using simulations based on optimized propellant formulation data using ProPEP software. Variations in the number of star grains analyzed included configurations of 3 to 9 star points, with RDX content varying from 0% to 20% by weight. The simulation results showed that increasing the number of star grains contributed significantly to increasing the combustion surface area, which had a direct impact on increasing maximum thrust and reducing burn time. This shows that grain geometry has a dominant influence on motor performance compared to variations in RDX content in the tested range. On the other hand, the addition of RDX did not significantly increase thrust, but had an impact on combustion efficiency and the formation of condensed combustion products (CCPs). Higher RDX content tends to produce greater agglomeration of aluminium particles, which has an impact on decreasing combustion efficiency. The Star 8 configuration with the fifth variation showed the best performance, with the highest combustion chamber pressure reaching 753 psi and a stable thrust above 2,090 N. These findings emphasize the importance of grain geometry optimization in rocket motor design, as well as the need for a balance between energetic material content and combustion efficiency. This research contributes to the development of composite propellant design for national defence applications. To strengthen the validity of the findings, full-scale experimental testing is recommended to compare simulation results with actual performance in the field.
Identification of Invertebrate Species in the Coastal Area of Labuhan Lalar Village, West Sumbawa Regency Aulia, Jamiatul; Seprianingsih, Dewi; Sahratullah, Sahratullah
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.9461

Abstract

Coastal biodiversity plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability and productivity of marine ecosystems. Among the key contributors to these systems are marine invertebrates, particularly molluscs and crustaceans, which fulfil important ecological functions such as nutrient cycling, water filtration, and forming part of the marine food web. However, scientific data on the diversity of marine invertebrates in many Indonesian coastal regions remains limited, especially in remote areas like Labuhan Lalar Village, West Sumbawa Regency. This study aims to identify and classify marine invertebrate species found along the coast of Labuhan Lalar. An exploratory research approach was applied through direct field surveys along the shoreline, using a 3-meter transect from the high tide line toward the sea. Invertebrate specimens were collected manually and identified based on external morphological characteristics. A descriptive analysis was conducted with reference to scientific literature to determine species classification. The research identified a total of 15 marine invertebrate species belonging to two major phyla: Mollusca and Arthropoda. These species were further grouped into three classes: Gastropoda (10 species), Bivalvia (4 species), and Malacostraca (1 species). The presence of these diverse taxa indicates that the coastal ecosystem of Labuhan Lalar remains ecologically functional and supports a variety of marine invertebrate life. In conclusion, the coastal area of Labuhan Lalar demonstrates a relatively high level of marine invertebrate biodiversity. These findings may serve as baseline data for future biodiversity monitoring, conservation planning, and the development of sustainable coastal management strategies in the region.
Effectiveness of β-lactam and Macrolide Antibiotic Combination in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Review Hikmah, Nurul; Sholih, Mally Ghinan
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.8163

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a clinically significant lung infection and a leading cause of infectious disease-related death, especially in patients with high-risk factors. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a combination of β-lactam and macrolide antibiotics in the treatment of CAP and its impact on reducing mortality. Using the Systematic Literature Review method from sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, 10 national and international journals were reviewed to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination compared to monotherapy and other combination options. Results showed that the combination of β-lactams and macrolides is effective in improving clinical outcomes, accelerating recovery, and reducing mortality in CAP patients, especially against atypical pathogens that are often not fully treated with β-lactam monotherapy. Factors such as seasonal variations and the patient's state of health also influence the response to this therapy. The most commonly used antibiotics in this combination are Ceftriaxone or Ampicillin/Sulbactam as β-lactams, paired with Azithromycin or Clarithromycin as macrolides.  Therefore, the combination of β-lactams and macrolides is considered an effective primary therapy option for CAP, in accordance with the national guidelines for medical services in Indonesia, which allows flexibility in treatment according to the clinical condition of the patient and the characteristics of the pathogen present.

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