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Hakam : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam dan Hukum Ekonomi Islam
Published by Universitas Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo
ISSN : 28295803     EISSN : 25808052     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33650/jhi
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Hakam : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam dan Hukum Ekonomi Islam adalah jurnal ilmiah yang mengkaji tentang persoalan - persoalan hukum dan keislaman. Jurnal ini diterbitkan secara berkala setahun dua kali, yaitu setiap bulan Juni dan Desember oleh Program Studi Hukum Keluarga Islam, Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo. Redaksi menerima naskah ilmiah ataupun hasil penelitian dalam bahasa Indonesia, bahasa inggris maupun bahasa arab. Di samping itu, Tim Redaksi juga berhak untuk mengedit dan menyempurkan naskah ilmiah yang akan diterbitkan tanpa menghilangkan esensi dan makna tulisan.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 129 Documents
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KONSEP KAFA’AH DALAM PRESPEKTIF IMAM MALIK DAN IMAM SYAFI’I: ANALISIS METODOLOGI USHUL FIKIH Maziyati, Nailil; Luthfiyah, Luthfiyah
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i2.13284

Abstract

Konsep kafa'ah (kesetaraan dalam pernikahan) merupakan salah satu diskursus penting dalam fiqih munakahat yang mencerminkan perbedaan metodologis antar mazhab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan konsep kafa'ah dalam perspektif Imam Malik dan Imam Syafi'i melalui pendekatan ushul fiqih. Kajian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan sumber primer kitab al-Muwaththa' dan al-Risalah serta sumber sekunder terkait. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif-komparatif untuk mengungkap akar perbedaan metodologis yang mempengaruhi formulasi hukum kafa'ah pada kedua mazhab. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan konsep kafa'ah antara Imam Malik dan Imam Syafi'i bersumber dari perbedaan paradigma ushuliyah yang mendasar. Imam Malik dengan pendekatan al-maslahah al-mursalah dan 'amal ahl al-Madinah memandang kafa'ah sebagai instrumen sosial yang dinamis, menekankan agama sebagai parameter utama sambil mereduksi signifikansi nasab untuk mencegah fanatisme kesukuan. Sementara Imam Syafi'i dengan komitmen pada sistematisasi hukum yang ketat, membangun konsep kafa'ah di atas fondasi nash dan qiyas yang rigor, menolak otoritas penuh kepada 'urf atau maslahah tanpa sandaran dalil yang jelas. Implikasi penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa dialektika kedua pemikir besar tersebut bukanlah pertentangan yang steril, melainkan kelengkapan yang memperkaya khazanah hukum Islam. Sintesis dari kedua pendekatan ini menjadi sangat relevan dalam konteks kontemporer untuk merumuskan pemahaman kafa'ah yang substantif dan berkeadilan, sekaligus menjaga orientasi pada terwujudnya keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah, wa rahmah
PERAN ISTRI SEBAGAI PENCARI NAFKAH DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEUTUHAN RUMAH TANGGA PERSPEKTIF ISLAM Pribadi, Muhammad Shidqi; Cahyadi, Teguh Dwi
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i2.11992

Abstract

One of a husband’s primary responsibilities is to provide financial support for his family. Yet not all husbands are able to fulfill this duty adequately, leading to weakened household economies and compelling wives to contribute as breadwinners. This phenomenon is evident among the families of workers at the synthetic hair factory in Purbalingga Regency, where many wives assume the role of principal income earner to meet their household needs. This study aims to identify the factors that drive wives to become the main breadwinners, particularly within the families of factory employees in Purbalingga, examine the effects of this role on marital cohesion, and explore the Islamic perspective on wives as primary providers. Employing a qualitative case-study approach, the research reveals three key findings: (1) economic necessity, stemming from insufficient spousal income, and instances of husbands being unable to work due to illness or by mutual agreement compel wives to take on earning responsibilities; (2) while wives’ income-generating role can enhance family welfare stability, it may also reduce family quality time, create a double burden of domestic and economic duties, hinder communication effectiveness, and heighten role-imbalance conflicts; and (3) within Islamic jurisprudence, wives are permitted to seek livelihood support when their husbands’ earnings fall short, provided they observe Shariah-compliant conditions and limitations; however, any contravention of these religious guidelines renders such work impermissible.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP FENOMENA PERKAWINAN SIRI DIBAWAH UMUR TANPA WALI DI KABUPATEN LUMAJANG Hasanah, Uswatun; Meilinda, Fauziyah Putri
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i2.13450

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya praktik perkawinan siri yang dilakukan tanpa wali dan melibatkan anak di bawah umur, sebagaimana terjadi pada kasus di Kabupaten Lumajang. Praktik tersebut tidak hanya menimbulkan persoalan keabsahan perkawinan menurut hukum Islam, tetapi juga menunjukkan lemahnya perlindungan hukum terhadap anak sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keabsahan perkawinan siri tanpa wali pada anak di bawah umur dan mengevaluasi bentuk perlindungan hukum yang seharusnya diberikan oleh negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis-normatif dengan analisis terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, literatur terkait, serta interpretasi terhadap fenomena sosial yang muncul dalam kasus Lumajang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkawinan siri tanpa wali pada anak di bawah umur tidak sah baik menurut hukum negara maupun hukum Islam. Praktik tersebut juga melanggar prinsip best interest of the child dan menempatkan anak dalam situasi rentan terhadap kekerasan, eksploitasi, serta kehilangan hak-hak perdata. Kesimpulan penelitian menegaskan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap anak dalam konteks ini belum berjalan efektif. Diperlukan penguatan pengawasan, edukasi hukum masyarakat, serta penegakan hukum yang konsisten untuk mencegah praktik serupa di masa mendatang.
FROM FORMAL VALIDITY TO ETHICAL ACCOUNTABILITY: GOOD FAITH IN SHARIA ELECTRONIC CONTRACTS UNDER INDONESIAN LAW Nugraha, Sigit Nurhadi; Budiono, Abdul Rachmat; Santoso, Budi; Sulistyarini, Rachmi
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i2.12690

Abstract

The expansion of electronic contracts has significantly transformed sharia-based transactions in the digital sphere, yet the prevailing legal framework remains largely anchored in formal validity. Indonesian contract law and the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) primarily assess contract enforceability through formal requirements and the legal recognition of electronic documents, offering limited tools to evaluate the ethical quality of consent formation. In contrast, Islamic economic law, as articulated in the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law (KHES) and the fatwas of the National Sharia Council (DSN-MUI), emphasizes trustworthiness, transparency, and substantive justice, but lacks operational parameters suited to digital transactions. This normative gap constitutes the central problem addressed in this article. The study aims to reconceptualize good faith as ethical accountability and to formulate a parameter-based model for assessing sharia electronic contracts. Employing normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, the analysis draws upon Indonesian contract law, the ITE Law, KHES, DSN-MUI fatwas, and relevant legal doctrines. The findings demonstrate that good faith should be repositioned from a post-dispute corrective principle to an ex ante standard of ethical accountability governing contract formation. The article formulates five key parameters of good faith: substantive transparency of information, fairness of electronic consent processes, balance of bargaining power, consistency between pre-contractual representations and contract performance, and prevention of exploitative gains. This model contributes to the literature by bridging the fragmentation between positive contract law, digital regulation, and sharia principles. Practically, it offers a substantive framework for consumer protection and sharia compliance in Islamic fintech and digital marketplaces.
Implikasi Perjanjian Pra-Nikah dalam Perspektif Hukum Keluarga Islam di Indonesia: Kajian Normatif dan Sosial Suwito, Suwito; Darmawan, Didit; Harun, Saidah Fiddaroini; Zuriah, Risma A'limathus
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i2.13291

Abstract

Perjanjian pra-nikah dari sudut pandang hukum keluarga Islam dan hukum positif Indonesia, serta meninjau dampak hukum dan sosial dari pelaksanaannya, terutama yang berkaitan dengan hak dan kewajiban pasangan dan pengelolaan harta. Secara normatif, kaidah “al-muslimūn 'alā syurūṭihim illā syarṭan aḥalla ḥarāman aw ḥarrama ḥalālan” mengizinkan untuk dilakukan selama tidak bertentangan dengan syariat. Sedangkan analisis bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Yuridis normatif. Menggunakan bahan hukum Undang-Undang Perkawinan jo. Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015 memperkuat ketentuan yang ditetapkan dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perjanjian pra-nikah secara hukum memberikan kepastian tentang status harta, tanggung jawab nafkah, dan perlindungan pihak ketiga. Secara sosial, perjanjian ini digunakan untuk mempromosikan transparansi, kesetaraan, dan akuntabilitas dalam rumah tangga. Namun, mereka masih menstigma negatif sebagai tanda ketidakpercayaan pasangan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan literasi hukum masyarakat dan standarisasi redaksi dan pencatatan perjanjian di lembaga resmi sangatlah penting. Oleh karena itu, dari sudut pandang hukum Islam dan hukum nasional Indonesia, perjanjian pra-nikah dapat dianggap bukan hanya kontrak hukum, tetapi juga sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan nilai keadilan, kemaslahatan, dan kekuatan keluarga.Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Pra-Nikah, Hukum Keluarga Islam, Yuridis Normatif, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Implikasi Hukum dan Sosial 
KONSEP NABAWI DALAM MEMBANGUN KEHARMONISAN RUMAH TANGGA Imanda, Muhammad Fathur Rahcman; Ashari, Winning Son
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i2.12116

Abstract

This study analyzes the Prophetic concept of building household harmony through family-related hadiths found in Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. The research is motivated by Indonesia’s high divorce rate in 2023, which reached 408,347 cases, with 251,828 due to disputes and conflicts indicating a gap between Islamic ideals and actual domestic practices. This study utilises a qualitative method with a library research approach, relying on primary data in the form of the Prophet's hadiths related to family life, as well as secondary data obtained from books, journals, and scientific articles.. The findings reveal that Prophet Muhammad shallallāhu ‘alaihi wa sallam practiced values such as active participation in household duties, praising his wife, bathing together, resting on his wife’s lap, prioritizing his wife, using affectionate nicknames, traveling together, and engaging in meaningful conversations. These practices significantly contributed to achieving a family life characterized by sakinah (tranquility), mawaddah (affection), and rahmah (compassion). Thus, the hadiths in Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim offer authentic and applicable guidance for fostering harmonious Muslim families in the modern era.
THE GENEALOGY OF TAQNĪN AL-AHKĀM AND ITS INITIAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE Bunyamin, Alby Labib Halbana; Albasyari, Abdul Mufti
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i2.13572

Abstract

Taqnīn al-Ahkām represents a distinctive mode of applying Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) within the framework of modern state governance. While the historical emergence of taqnīn has been widely described, its conceptual foundations and theoretical positioning within Islamic legal thought remain insufficiently articulated. This study examines the genealogical development of taqnīn al-Ahkām, tracing its conceptual roots and historical manifestations, and analyzes its role as a juridical strategy for integrating fiqh into formal state legislation. Employing a qualitative historical–conceptual approach based on library research, this study analyzes primary classical texts and relevant secondary sources through contextual and conceptual analysis. The findings demonstrate that ideas resembling taqnīn can be identified as early as the writings of ʿAbd Allāh Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, although they remained at the level of intellectual proposal. The first systematic and institutionalized implementation of taqnīn occurred during the Ottoman period through the Majalla al-Ahkām al-ʿAdliyyah, which marked a significant transformation of fiqh from normative jurisprudence into a codified legal system. This article argues that taqnīn al-Ahkām should be understood not merely as codification, but as a form of siyāsah sharʿiyyah that mediates between juristic norms and state legal authority. By clarifying the conceptual status of taqnīn within Islamic legal theory, this study contributes to contemporary debates on the adaptability of Islamic law in modern legislative contexts.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR PARTIES WHEN MPD FAILS TO COLLECT NOTARIAL PROTOCOLS Aurel, Adinda Mellinia; Herlindah, Herlindah; Sjafi'i, Imam Rahmat
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i2.12707

Abstract

The failure of the MPD to take the Notary protocol as stipulated in Article 63 paragraph (6) of the 2014 UUJN has legal consequences that could be detrimental to the parties. There are no further provisions regarding the mechanism for saving the protocol when the MPD does not take the Notary protocol, even though the Notary protocol is a collection of state archive documents that must always be stored and maintained. The UUJN only regulates the submission of the Notary protocol. The absence of complete regulations regarding the Notary protocol raises a legal issue, namely legal incompleteness. The method used is normative legal research. The results of the research are that the legal consequences of the MPD not taking the Notary protocol are 1. the loss of the rights of interested parties to obtain a grosse, copy, or excerpt of the deed. 2. the Notary protocol becomes neglected and is at risk of being damaged or lost. There are two types of legal protection provided to interested parties, namely preventive and repressive legal protection. Preventive legal protection refers to the MPD immediately taking the Notary protocol from the heirs who did not submit the protocol to the recipient so that the protocol remains stored and well maintained. Repressive legal protection refers to filing a complaint with the MPD so that the Notary protocol is immediately taken from the heirs and submitted to the Notary who received the protocol.
BUMDes' CONTRIBUTION TO THE ACCELERATION OF MSME HALAL PRODUCT SUBMISSION: A STUDY IN TAMAN VILLAGE, PAITON DISTRICT Syukur, Musthafa
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v9i1.13600

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the contribution of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in accelerating the halal certification application for MSMEs in Taman Village, Paiton District. Halal certification is crucial for MSMEs as it opens up wider market access, especially in modern retail and export markets. However, many MSME actors in Taman Village are still unaware of the halal certification process and face various administrative obstacles. This study employs an empirical legal research approach with interviews and field observations. The findings show that BUMDes plays a significant role as a facilitator by providing assistance, information, and acting as an intermediary between MSMEs and relevant agencies such as BPJPH. However, BUMDes' contribution in expediting the halal certification process is still limited by human resource capacity and a lack of inter-agency coordination. The study recommends enhancing BUMDes' internal capacity and collaborating with universities to strengthen their role in facilitating halal certification.

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