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Maria Viva Rini
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INDONESIA
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Published by Green Engineering Society
ISSN : 26214709     EISSN : 26212528     DOI : https://www.jaast.org/index.php/jaast/article/view
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology (JAAST) is an international journal, focuses on applied agricultural science and applied agricultural technology in particular: agricultural mechanization, food sciences, food technology, agricultural information technology, agricultural economics, agricultural statistics, bioinformatics, farm structure, farm power, agricultural machinery, irrigation and drainage, land and water resources engineering, renewable energy, environment, crop production, and crop protection.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Agronomi dan Ilmu Tanaman
Articles 157 Documents
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Effect of the Combination of the Growth Regulators and Putrescine on the Somatic Embryogenesis of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) on Some Types of Explants Yusniwati, Yusniwati; Setiawan, Ryan Budi
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 7 No. 4 (2023): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v7i4.158

Abstract

Plant breeding programs need to be carried out in order to improve the genetics of wheat that is able to adapt to tropical environments through hybridization, mutation induction, tissue culture, and genetic transformation.  In vitro culture through somatic embryogenesis pathways plays an important role in genetic improvement and its integration with other breeding programs can positively affect the improvement of wheat quality, quantity, and development in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to obtain an embryogenic callus induction method from the Dewata variety using five different types of explants, namely mature Seeds, immature embryos, immature seeds, leaf,  stem, and to obtain combination of plant growth regulators and putrescine on somatic embryogenesis of wheat.   The experimental design was prepared based on a complete randomized design with a combination treatment of embryogenic callus induction media consisting of 9 levels, namely: 1 ppm 2.4- D, 1 ppm 2.4-D + 1 ppm Picloram, ppm 2.4-D + 1 mg / L Picloram, 1 ppm 2.4-D + 10-4  M Putrescine, 1 ppm 2.4-D + 1 ppm Picloram +10-4  M Putrescine, 2 ppm 2.4-D + 1 ppm Picloram + 10-4  M Putrescine, 1 ppm 2.4 D + 10-3 M Putrescine, 1 ppm 2.4 D + 1 ppm Picloram + 10-3 M Putrescine, 2 ppm 2.4 D + 1 ppm Picloram + 10-3 M Putrescine. The results showed that the media used was able to induce embryogenic callus using mature seed and immature embryo, but  immature seed and leaf were not able to produce embryogenic callus. The best media  that produced the highest percentage of embryogenic callus was 2 ppm 2.4-D + 1 ppm Picloram + 10-4  M Putrescine with as much as 85.9% in young embryo explants.
Effects of Chemical Modification and Ratio of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyhizus) Peel Extract on The Dyed-Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) Starch Harni, Mimi; Anggraini, Tuty; Rini, Rini; Suliansyah, Irfan
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 7 No. 4 (2023): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v7i4.179

Abstract

Color is the main attraction in choosing food; therefore, manufacturers do various ways to produce good colors without considering the consumer's health. Natural colors are a safe choice for health; besides being safe, natural dyes can also provide functional properties to those who consume them. The study aimed to determine the activity of natural dyes and their functional properties when mixed with chemically modified arrowroot starch. This study used a factorial design with chemical modification factor A and factor B, a ratio of dragon fruit extract to the amount of starch, with three repetitions. The best treatment was A2B3 (cross-link, starch with dragon fruit 1:2) because it had the treatment with the most visible color. This treatment has an antioxidant content of 38.95%, a polyphenol content of 106.19 mg GAE/g, a color of 76.88, and an anthocyanin content of 0.71 mg/100g.
Lethal Concentration and Lethal Time Botanical Insecticide Tuba Root Extract Against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith Larvae Ibrahim, Mukhlis; Rustam, Rusli
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.181

Abstract

Utilization of botanical insecticides is an option to control environmentally friendly Spodoptera frugiperda  pests. The purpose of this study was to determine the lethal concentration (LC) and lethal time (LT) of botanical insecticides on the third instar larvae of S. frugiperda in the laboratory. The experiment was conducted at the Applied Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, over a period of 3 months, from September to November 2022. The concentration treatments used were 0, 2, 4, and 8 ml/L of water. The experiment was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Larval mortality data was processed using probit analysis in order to determine the value of Lethal Concentration (LC50 and LC95) and Lethal Time 50 (LT50). The results showed that the tuba root powder extract concentration showed LC50 and LC95 namely 0.07% equivalent to 0.7 ml/L of water and 1.53% equivalent to 15.3 ml/L of water. Meanwhile the concentration of 8 ml/L of water extract of tuba root flour causes LT50 of S. frugiperda larvae causing time to tend to be faster at 1.86 days or 44,64 hours after application. Botanical insecticides of the tuba root extract concentration show high efficacy against S. frugiperda larvae so that they can be recommended as a component for integrated pest management (IPM).
Flood Modelling of Premulung River, Bengawan Solo Pangestu, Ferdi; Kuntoro, Arno Adi; Irianto, Eko Winar
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.183

Abstract

Premulung River or commonly known as Kali Premulung is one of many branches of Bengawan Solo River in its upstream area. This river pass through one of the most historical cities in Central Java, Surakarta. The overcapacity of this river leads to flood event that has a negative impact on humans. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Premulung River capacity and simulate the flood caused by rainfall design. The hydrological matter was analyzed using Hydrognomon and HEC-HMS while flood modelling was analyzed using HEC-RAS software one- and two-dimension (1D & 2D) simulation. Model calibrations were carried out based on historical flood events (depth, duration, and area of inundation) and local interview due to data limitation. Based on the simulation, the flood modelling shows that the current capacity of Premulung River cannot accommodate its peak discharge for two (Q2) and twenty years (Q20) return period flood. There are two main spots identified flooded due to Q2 flood with depth varies from 40 to 80 cm and duration from 4 hour to 7 hour. For Q20 flood, there are also two same spots identified flooded with depth varies from 1.2 m to 1.8 m and duration from 6 hour to 9 hour. The result of this study can be a reference for flood dike design in the future which still require further detailed investigation.
Growth of Cut-Grafting Robusta Coffee Seeds Utilizing Orthotropic and Plagiotropic Rootstocks with Application Bacillus and Pseudomonas Mixture Rosyady, Muhammad Ghufron; Larassati, Larassati; Setiyono, Setiyono; Subroto, Gatot; Wijaya, Ketut Anom; Wulanjari, Distiana; Farisi, Oria Alit; Basuki, Basuki
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.189

Abstract

Vegetative propagation by cut-grafting has the advantage of being able to obtain seeds that inherit two superior traits from two scion clones in a relatively short time. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of using orthotropic and plagiotropic rootstocks applied by Bacillus and Pseudomonas on the early growth of robusta coffee seedlings from cut grafting. The method used was by using a completely randomized factorial design with 2 factors and was   repeated 3 times. The first factor was the use of rootstock cuttings which consisted of 2 levels, which were S1 (orthotropic stem) and S2 (plagiotropic stem). The second factor was the concentration of Bacillus and Pseudomonas which consisted of 5 levels, which were B0 (0 ml/L), B1 (20 ml/L), B2 (40 ml/L), B3 (60 ml/L) and B4 (80 ml/L). The results showed that (1) there was no interaction between the use of variatic rootstock and the application of the biological agent (2) The use of orthotropic rootstock increased plant growth, that is the number of primary roots and the number of leaves and (3) Application of the biological agent of Bacillus and Pseudomonas with concentrations of B4 increased seedling growth on all observed parameters except the number of shoots. Based on the results of this research, the benefit for coffee planters is to obtain alternative planting materials, namely from orthotropic branches. For further research, the use of orthotropic branch planting material as a scion plant can be investigated.
The Application of Botanical Pesticides to Control Fusarium Wilt on Asparagus Beans Adiwena, Muh.; Murtilaksono, Aditya; Ngau, Mikael; Rachmadaniar, Rachmadaniar; Egra, Saat; Pradana, Ankardiansyah Pandu; Yousif, Ahmed Ibrahim Alrashid
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.190

Abstract

Triggered by a fungus of the genus Fusarium, wilting prevails in various horticultural crops in Indonesia. In asparagus beans, this pathogen can lead to decreased production. One eco-friendly controlling measure is the application of botanical pesticides made from betel leaves and neem leaves which have been extensively used to control various pathogenic fungi.  This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of plant-based pesticides made from neem and betel leaves in controlling Fusarium wilt in asparagus beans. This research was run for approximately six months, initiated at the Laboratory of Plant Protection in Universitas Borneo Tarakan, and ended in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture. It involved Fusarium propagation, preparation of planting media, planting asparagus beans, infecting Fusarium, and producing as well as applying botanical pesticides. It employed a one-factor randomized block design with 5 treatments, control (P0), 5% neem leaf extract per plant (P1), 10% neem leaf extract per plant (P2), 5% betel leaf extract per plant (P3) and 10% betel leaf extract per plant (P4). The covariance analysis results showed that the treatment did nothave a significant effect on the number of affected branches, the number of pods and pod weight. Even so, it can be concluded that P2 can reduce wilted branches by up to 48%, with the same concentration, and P4 can reduce wilted branches by up to 52%. In terms of the total number and the total weight of the pods, P4 achieved the best results with 77 pods, weighing 3,272 grams.
Antibacterial Synergy Detection of Lignin Extract from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Opefb) Combined with Amoxicillin Against Staphylococcus Aureus Using The Azdast Method Hendri, Rifki Anshory; Suryadi, Herman; Hayun, Hayun
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.191

Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are waste generated by the palm oil industry and are generally considered an environmental problem due to their large quantity and difficult recyclability. This study's objective was to examine the potential of OPEFB lignin extract combined with amoxicillin in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The Synergism Test of the OPEFB lignin extract-antibiotic combination was conducted using the AZDAST method (Ameri Ziaei Double Antibiotic Synergism Test). The lignin extraction process was a steam process using a 4% oxalic acid solution under optimal conditions. Then, Calcium ions precipitate 4% oxalate by adding Ca(OH)2 to the extract. The Lignin content was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 280 nm, and then the lignin extract was combined with antibiotics for antibacterial assay. The results showed a lignin content of 1.06 %. The AZDAST test results revealed clear zones from the combination of OPEFB lignin extract and amoxicillin with a diameter of 20.23 mm for the extract containing oxalate and 15.83 mm for the oxalate-free extract. Meanwhile, on average, the clear zone of single amoxicillin was only 14.13 mm. Based on these results, the combination of OPEFB lignin extract with amoxicillin was stronger than amoxicillin alone in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus, but it was not significantly different (p-value> 0.05). In conclusion, the potential of OPEFB lignin extract synergistically worked with the antibiotic amoxicillin in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus.
The Study of Relationship of Soil Physics Health and Micro-Climate Characteristics on Paddy Fields Sumani, Sumani; Widhiyastuti, Alfia Nisa; Mujiyo, Mujiyo; Herdiansyah, Ganjar; Maro’ah, Siti
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.194

Abstract

Global food security and environmental stability will be threatened by population growth, land usage, and land change. Proper soil management in plant production helps reduce temperature and humidity-induced plant deterioration. This study aims to identify soil physics health (SPH), microclimate characteristics, and the relationship between the two in managing organic and inorganic paddy fields. The research location is in Purwantoro District, Wonogiri Regency, using descriptive explorative research, with purposive soil sampling at work map, made by overlay thematic maps, resulting in 9 LMU. The observation and sampling were carried out in the maximum vegetative phase of plants, while the micro-climate is in the generation phase. The determination of the soil physics health status used the scoring method. Using the T-test, Pearson’s correlation test finds the relationship between SPH and micro-climate characteristics and the differences between the two. The results showed the distribution of SPH in organic farming is healthy (74.7) and very healthy (83.3), while inorganic farming is healthy (79.72). The temperature is optimal, ranging from 23.5°C to 30.1°C, but the humidity is minimum in the range of 35.3% to 76.1%. The SPH and micro-climate have a significant relationship, with a positive correlation between air and soil temperature with SPH and a negative correlation between air humidity and soil moisture.
The Effect of Coffee Canopy Pruning and Fertilization on Coffee Growth and Soil Physical Properties Rohani, Rosesita Tri Suci; Prayogo, Cahyo; Suprayogo, Didik; Wicaksono, Kurniawan Sigit
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.208

Abstract

Arabica coffee is primarily cultivated in agroforestry systems in Indonesia, but limited local knowledge and technology adoption hinder its productivity due to insufficient practices in coffee pruning management. This study aims to analyze variations in coffee canopy pruning (Pruning+Bending) management and the impact on plant growth and soil physical characteristics.. The experiment employed a split-plot experimental design and utilized the Fisher test (5%) to assess the treatment effects. The primary plot focused on coffee canopy pruning using two management options: (1) Pruning (PR) and (2) Bending (BN). The subplots included various types and doses of fertilizer treatments: (1) Control (F0), (2) Chicken manure (F1), (3) Chicken manure+NPK fertilizer (F2), and (4) NPK fertilizer (F3). Each experimental plot covered an area of 20x20 m and contained 50 coffee plants. Bending techniques represent alternative pruning methods, and, in general, they have a significant impact on improving several coffee parameters compared to total pruning. Regarding the soil’s physical properties, the bending technique exhibited a higher infiltration rate than pruning. The management approach of Bending+Chicken manure: NPK fertilizer (BNF2) enhanced various coffee parameters, resulting in an increased stem diameter of 4.79 cm, new shoot length of 471.20 cm, and chlorophyll content of 6.83 mg/g. Furthermore, this treatment increased soil organic carbon content by 7.51% and reduced bulk density to 0.58 g/cm. In conclusion, the bending technique wasproven to be more advantageous than pruning, especially when combined with chicken manure and NPK fertilizer for enhancing coffee management among farmers.
Performance Test of Coconut Shell Grinding Machine For Pyrolysis Process Novita, Sri Aulia; Santosa, Santosa; Nofialdi, Nofialdi; Andasuryani, Andasuryani; Fudholi, Ahmad
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.211

Abstract

Coconut shell is a solid waste of biomass from processed coconuts separated from the flesh. Coconut shells can be reprocessed into products of high economic value. Coconut shells can be processed for bio-oil production via high-temperature pyrolysis. In the pyrolysis process, the coconut shell raw materials are reduced in size to facilitate combustion. The aim of this research was to test the performance of the modified coconut shell grinding machine, determine the effect of water content on the milling process, achieve coconut shell sizes of 3, 5, and 10 mm to enhance the pyrolysis process, and analyze the economics of grinding machine engineering. The size reduction process was carried out using a custom-designed coconut shell grinder that was altered in its sieve section. The sieve sections had diameters of 10, 5, and 3 mm. The coconut shell to be ground had a moisture content of 8–10%. The grinding machine capacity varies with each size, namely 10 mm, 5 mm, and 3 mm, achieving throughput rates of 14.892 kg/h, 7.214 kg/h, and 2.94 kg/hour, respectively. The resulting yield was notably high, ranging from 95 to 96.780%, and the associated yield loss remained low, between 3.2% and 4.8%. During the material size tests, the working RPM was observed at 630.6 for 10 mm, 711.2 for 5 mm, and 1017.18 for 3 mm, and these RPM variations influence the grinding speed.

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